<s>
Klondike	B-Language
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
Canfield	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
card	O
game	O
for	O
one	O
player	O
and	O
the	O
best	O
known	O
and	O
most	O
popular	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
patience	O
or	O
solitaire	B-Algorithm
family	O
,	O
something	O
which	O
"	O
defies	O
explanation	O
"	O
as	O
it	O
has	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
lowest	O
rates	O
of	O
success	O
of	O
any	O
such	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
U.S.	O
and	O
Canada	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
so	O
well	O
known	O
that	O
the	O
term	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
,	O
in	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
qualifiers	O
,	O
typically	O
refers	O
to	O
Klondike	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Elsewhere	O
the	O
game	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
American	B-Language
Patience	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Historically	O
Klondike	B-Language
was	O
also	O
called	O
Canfield	O
in	O
America	O
,	O
perhaps	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
casino	O
game	O
at	O
the	O
Canfield	O
Casino	O
in	O
Saratoga	O
Springs	O
,	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
is	O
the	O
name	O
by	O
which	O
it	O
became	O
known	O
in	O
England	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Likewise	O
the	O
rumour	O
prevails	O
that	O
this	O
other	O
game	O
was	O
devised	O
by	O
Richard	O
Canfield	O
even	O
though	O
Canfield	O
himself	O
called	O
his	O
game	O
"	O
Klondike	B-Language
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Tung	O
(	O
2015	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
game	O
became	O
popular	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
19th	O
century	O
,	O
and	O
may	O
well	O
have	O
been	O
named	O
"	O
Klondike	B-Language
"	O
after	O
the	O
Canadian	O
region	O
where	O
the	O
Klondike	B-Language
Gold	O
Rush	O
happened	O
in	O
1896	O
–	O
1899	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
earliest	O
rules	O
for	O
the	O
game	O
known	O
as	O
Klondike	B-Language
today	O
appear	O
in	O
the	O
1907	O
edition	O
of	O
Hoyle	O
's	O
Games	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
"	O
Seven-Card	O
Klondike	B-Language
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hoyles	O
calls	O
it	O
a	O
simpler	O
version	O
of	O
"	O
Klondike	B-Language
"	O
,	O
also	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
book	O
,	O
but	O
which	O
turns	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
gambling	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
nowadays	O
known	O
as	O
Canfield	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
and	O
Demon	O
elsewhere	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
1913	O
edition	O
of	O
the	O
so-called	O
Official	O
Rules	O
of	O
Card	O
Games	O
,	O
Seven-Card	O
Klondike	B-Language
has	O
become	O
Klondike	B-Language
,	O
with	O
the	O
modification	O
that	O
the	O
pack	O
is	O
run	O
through	O
one	O
card	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
instead	O
of	O
three	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
original	O
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
now	O
being	O
called	O
Canfield	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
's	O
inclusion	O
in	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
in	O
the	O
1990s	O
contributed	O
significantly	O
to	O
its	O
current	O
popularity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
considered	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
version	O
of	O
solitaire	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
"	O
defies	O
explanation	O
"	O
as	O
the	O
chances	O
of	O
success	O
in	O
getting	O
it	O
out	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
winning	O
)	O
are	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
lowest	O
of	O
any	O
patience	O
or	O
solitaire	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
played	O
with	O
a	O
standard	O
52-card	O
deck	O
,	O
without	O
Jokers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
probability	O
of	O
being	O
able	O
to	O
win	O
a	O
game	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
with	O
best-possible	O
play	O
is	O
not	O
known	O
,	O
although	O
Hoyle	O
's	O
Rules	O
of	O
Games	O
suggests	O
the	O
chances	O
of	O
winning	O
as	O
being	O
1	O
in	O
30	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
best	O
information	O
about	O
the	O
winnability	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
concerns	O
a	O
modified	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
game	O
called	O
"	O
Thoughtful	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
"	O
or	O
"	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
"	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
location	O
of	O
all	O
52	O
cards	O
is	O
known	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
probability	O
of	O
winning	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
(	O
with	O
draw	O
three	O
rules	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
calculated	O
as	O
being	O
approximately	O
82%	O
,	O
more	O
precisely	O
as	O
having	O
a	O
confidence	O
interval	O
of	O
81.956	O
%	O
±	O
0.096	O
%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
not	O
quite	O
the	O
same	O
as	O
simply	O
playing	O
with	O
all	O
cards	O
face	O
up	O
,	O
as	O
this	O
would	O
allow	O
an	O
impossible	O
movement	O
of	O
a	O
pile	O
if	O
the	O
top	O
downturned	O
card	O
happened	O
to	O
be	O
in	O
sequence	O
with	O
the	O
upturned	O
card	O
underneath	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
physical	O
cards	O
,	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
can	O
be	O
played	O
by	O
peeking	O
at	O
the	O
face-down	O
cards	O
or	O
by	O
dealing	O
the	O
downturned	O
cards	O
face-up	O
but	O
sideways	O
to	O
differentiate	O
them	O
from	O
the	O
tableau	O
piles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
electronic	O
programs	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
can	O
be	O
played	O
by	O
allowing	O
unlimited	O
use	O
of	O
undos	O
to	O
return	O
to	O
the	O
start	O
if	O
a	O
choice	O
turns	O
out	O
to	O
be	O
unfavorable	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
only	O
difference	O
between	O
the	O
two	O
games	O
(	O
regular	O
and	O
thoughtful	O
)	O
is	O
the	O
knowledge	O
of	O
card	O
location	O
,	O
all	O
winnable	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
games	O
will	O
also	O
be	O
winnable	O
in	O
regular	O
Klondike	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
win	O
percentage	O
of	O
82%	O
for	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
gives	O
an	O
upper	O
bound	O
of	O
82%	O
on	O
the	O
win	O
percentage	O
of	O
regular	O
Klondike	B-Language
when	O
the	O
location	O
of	O
all	O
cards	O
is	O
unknown	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ultimately	O
,	O
very	O
little	O
is	O
known	O
about	O
the	O
winnability	O
of	O
regular	O
Klondike	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Klondike-playing	O
AI	O
using	O
Monte	B-Application
Carlo	I-Application
tree	I-Application
search	I-Application
was	O
able	O
to	O
solve	O
up	O
to	O
35%	O
of	O
randomly	O
generated	O
regular	O
Klondike	B-Language
games	O
,	O
placing	O
a	O
lower	O
bound	O
on	O
the	O
winnability	O
percentage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
experiment	O
found	O
a	O
skilled	O
player	O
could	O
win	O
189	O
out	O
of	O
442	O
games	O
(	O
43%	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
gives	O
a	O
discrepancy	O
of	O
almost	O
40%	O
between	O
regular	O
and	O
Thoughtful	O
Klondike	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
are	O
some	O
single-pack	O
variants	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
:	O
</s>
<s>
Nine	O
Across	O
:	O
nine	O
columns	O
of	O
cards	O
are	O
dealt	O
,	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
seven	O
in	O
classic	O
Klondike	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Somerset	O
or	O
Usk	O
:	O
as	O
Klondike	B-Language
but	O
all	O
the	O
cards	O
are	O
dealt	O
out	O
:	O
10	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
row	O
,	O
9	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
,	O
and	O
so	O
on	O
until	O
there	O
are	O
3	O
in	O
the	O
last	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kuipers	O
:	O
as	O
Klondike	B-Language
but	O
with	O
eight	O
columns	O
instead	O
of	O
seven	O
,	O
turning	O
one	O
card	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
to	O
the	O
waste	O
,	O
with	O
no	O
limit	O
on	O
passes	O
through	O
the	O
deck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
Nouveau	O
Run	O
:	O
use	O
five	O
foundations	O
,	O
and	O
either	O
use	O
the	O
Fool	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
card	O
in	O
the	O
trumps	O
foundation	O
,	O
or	O
remove	O
it	O
before	O
playing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
Tarot	O
Evens	O
:	O
use	O
six	O
foundations	O
;	O
the	O
usual	O
four	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
use	O
the	O
red	O
knights	O
(	O
cavaliers	O
)	O
as	O
the	O
royals	O
for	O
trumps	O
1	O
–	O
10	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
black	O
knights	O
as	O
the	O
royals	O
for	O
trumps	O
11	O
–	O
21	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
some	O
casinos	O
,	O
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
turned	O
into	O
a	O
gambling	O
game	O
,	O
by	O
playing	O
with	O
the	O
rule	O
of	O
dealing	O
cards	O
one	O
at	O
a	O
time	O
and	O
going	O
through	O
the	O
stock	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
form	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
sometimes	O
called	O
Las	O
Vegas	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Joker	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
created	O
by	O
Joli	O
Quentin	O
Kansil	O
which	O
adds	O
two	O
jokers	O
that	O
serve	O
as	O
limited	O
wild	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
has	O
been	O
turned	O
into	O
a	O
two	O
player	O
game	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
Double	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Informally	O
,	O
"	O
Double	O
"	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
played	O
as	O
a	O
party	O
game	O
with	O
more	O
than	O
2	O
players	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
versions	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
have	O
helped	O
popularize	O
the	O
game	O
and	O
offer	O
advantages	O
over	O
playing	O
with	O
a	O
physical	O
deck	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
software	O
version	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
named	O
simply	O
"	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
"	O
has	O
been	O
a	O
regular	O
inclusion	O
in	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
beginning	O
from	O
Windows	O
3.0	O
in	O
1990	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
Microsoft	O
included	O
the	O
game	O
as	O
both	O
a	O
diversion	O
and	O
a	O
teaching	O
tool	O
:	O
for	O
many	O
users	O
,	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
was	O
their	O
first	O
introduction	O
to	O
using	O
a	O
computer	B-Device
mouse	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Microsoft	O
officials	O
stated	O
in	O
1994	O
that	O
"	O
for	O
years	O
,	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
was	O
the	O
most-used	O
application	O
for	O
Windows	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Atari	B-Application
Program	I-Application
Exchange	I-Application
published	O
Mark	O
Reid	O
's	O
implementation	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
for	O
the	O
Atari	B-Device
8-bit	I-Device
family	I-Device
,	O
simply	O
titled	O
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
,	O
in	O
1981	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Michael	O
A	O
.	O
Casteel	O
's	O
shareware	B-License
version	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
for	O
the	O
Macintosh	O
was	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
1984	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
been	O
continually	O
updated	O
since	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Klondike	B-Language
was	O
added	O
to	O
Clubhouse	B-Application
Games	I-Application
:	I-Application
51	I-Application
Worldwide	I-Application
Classics	I-Application
for	O
Nintendo	B-Application
Switch	I-Application
,	O
a	O
compilation	O
of	O
tabletop	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scoring	O
in	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
Solitaire	B-Algorithm
version	O
of	O
Klondike	B-Language
is	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
