<s>
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambit	I-Application
,	O
or	O
simply	O
Gambit	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
chess	B-Application
playing	O
computer	B-Application
program	I-Application
created	O
by	O
Heuristic	O
Software	O
and	O
published	O
by	O
Electronic	O
Arts	O
in	O
1993	O
based	O
on	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
,	O
the	O
only	O
winner	O
of	O
the	O
North	O
American	O
Computer	B-Application
Chess	I-Application
Championship	O
running	O
on	O
a	O
common	O
microcomputer	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
for	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
while	O
Garry	O
Kasparov	O
reigned	O
as	O
world	O
champion	O
,	O
whose	O
involvement	O
and	O
support	O
was	O
its	O
key	O
allure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
version	O
evolved	O
into	O
Socrates	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
other	O
chess	B-Application
players	O
and	O
programmers	O
including	O
Larry	O
Kaufman	O
and	O
Don	O
Dailey	O
,	O
who	O
,	O
later	O
,	O
were	O
also	O
developers	O
of	O
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambit	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Improvements	O
to	O
Socrates	O
were	O
reflected	O
in	O
a	O
version	O
called	O
Titan	O
,	O
renamed	O
for	O
competition	O
as	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
,	O
the	O
most	O
successful	O
of	O
the	O
series	O
winning	O
the	O
1993	O
ACM	O
International	O
Chess	B-Application
Championship	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
course	O
of	O
the	O
championship	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
running	O
on	O
a	O
stock	O
486	B-General_Concept
PC	O
,	O
defeated	O
opponents	O
with	O
purpose-built	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
for	O
playing	O
chess	B-Application
,	O
including	O
HiTech	B-General_Concept
and	O
Cray	B-General_Concept
Blitz	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Electronic	O
Arts	O
purchased	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
and	O
hired	O
its	O
creators	O
to	O
build	O
a	O
new	O
product	O
,	O
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambit	I-Application
,	O
including	O
Kasparov	O
as	O
consultant	O
and	O
brand	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
effort	O
to	O
enter	O
the	O
chess	B-Application
programs	O
market	O
,	O
dominated	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
by	O
Chessmaster	B-Application
3000	I-Application
and	O
Blitz	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1993	O
it	O
went	O
on	O
sale	O
,	O
but	O
contained	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
,	O
so	O
was	O
patched	O
at	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
that	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
patched	O
version	O
ran	O
at	O
about	O
75%	O
of	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
which	O
was	O
quite	O
an	O
achievement	O
considering	O
the	O
whole	O
functionality	O
of	O
the	O
software	O
was	O
sharing	O
the	O
same	O
computer	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Electronic	O
Arts	O
had	O
earlier	O
produced	O
the	O
chess	B-Application
variant	O
Archon	B-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Light	I-Application
and	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dark	I-Application
(	O
1983	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
later	O
followed	O
up	O
with	O
Battle	B-Application
Chess	I-Application
II	I-Application
:	I-Application
Chinese	I-Application
Chess	I-Application
(	O
2002	O
)	O
and	O
Jamdat	O
Mobile	O
's	O
Kasparov	B-Application
Chessmate	I-Application
(	O
2003	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Computer	O
Gaming	O
World	O
in	O
1993	O
approved	O
of	O
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambits	I-Application
"	O
stunning	O
"	O
SVGA	O
graphics	O
,	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
engine	O
,	O
and	O
coaching	O
features	O
,	O
concluding	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
above	O
any	O
PC	O
game	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
a	O
runner-up	O
for	O
the	O
magazine	O
's	O
Strategy	O
Game	O
of	O
the	O
Year	O
award	O
in	O
June	O
1994	O
,	O
losing	O
to	O
Master	B-Application
of	I-Application
Orion	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
125	O
tutorials	O
,	O
written	O
by	O
renowned	O
chess	B-Application
author	O
and	O
developer	O
Eric	O
Schiller	O
,	O
classified	O
in	O
openings	O
,	O
middle	O
game	O
,	O
endgames	O
(	O
checkmates	O
)	O
,	O
tactics	O
and	O
strategy	O
also	O
include	O
a	O
Famous	O
Games	O
database	O
,	O
a	O
list	O
of	O
all-time	O
world	O
champions	O
games	O
commented	O
by	O
Kasparov	O
with	O
a	O
quiz	O
option	O
where	O
user	O
must	O
choose	O
the	O
next	O
move	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
for	O
386SX	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
AT	I-Operating_System
compatible	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Even	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
possible	O
to	O
read	O
commands	O
from	O
a	O
keyboard	B-Device
or	O
mouse	B-Device
,	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
mouse	B-Device
was	O
recommended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambit	I-Application
offered	O
a	O
nice	O
look	B-Application
&	I-Application
feel	I-Application
experience	O
using	O
SVGA	O
mode	O
with	O
a	O
640x480	O
resolution	O
,	O
256	O
colors	O
,	O
and	O
voice/video	O
recordings	O
of	O
world	O
champion	O
Garry	O
Kasparov	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
playable	O
on	O
DOSBox	B-Application
since	O
version	O
0.61	O
on	O
Linux	B-Application
and	O
other	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
,	O
Windows	B-Application
XP	I-Application
and	O
subsequent	O
versions	O
,	O
and	O
Mac	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
First	O
intention	O
was	O
using	O
Heuristic	O
Alpha	O
as	O
Gambit'''s	O
base	O
,	O
but	O
unexpected	O
good	O
performance	O
of	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
in	O
tournaments	O
made	O
of	O
it	O
the	O
final	O
choice	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Read	O
in	O
Kasparov	B-Application
's	I-Application
Gambit	I-Application
History	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
first	O
released	O
included	O
important	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
,	O
that	O
Knowledge	O
of	O
bishop	O
mobility	O
appears	O
to	O
be	O
missing	O
,	O
as	O
does	O
some	O
other	O
chess	B-Application
knowledge	O
,	O
and	O
Gambit	O
appears	O
to	O
run	O
only	O
about	O
50-60	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
the	O
ACM	O
program	O
in	O
positions	O
(	O
without	O
bishops	O
)	O
where	O
the	O
two	O
do	O
play	O
and	O
evaluate	O
identically	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
in	O
the	O
features	O
and	O
the	O
time	O
controls	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
program	O
is	O
rather	O
difficult	O
to	O
use	O
(	O
perhaps	O
because	O
it	O
has	O
so	O
many	O
features	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
I	O
have	O
tested	O
the	O
patched	O
version	O
,	O
and	O
have	O
confirmed	O
that	O
most	O
or	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
bugs	B-Error_Name
have	O
been	O
corrected	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
Socrates	B-Application
II	I-Application
engine	O
was	O
fully	O
programmed	O
in	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
but	O
rewritten	O
just	O
in	O
C	B-Language
language	I-Language
for	O
Kasparov	O
's	O
Gambit''	O
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instead	O
,	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
was	O
used	O
for	O
sound	O
and	O
video	O
capabilities	O
,	O
as	O
for	O
other	O
functionalities	O
.	O
</s>
