<s>
Kalpana	B-General_Concept
was	O
a	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
at	O
NASA	O
Ames	O
Research	O
Center	O
operated	O
by	O
the	O
NASA	O
Advanced	O
Supercomputing	B-Architecture
(	O
NAS	B-Device
)	O
Division	O
and	O
named	O
in	O
honor	O
of	O
astronaut	O
Kalpana	B-General_Concept
Chawla	O
,	O
who	O
was	O
killed	O
in	O
the	O
Space	O
Shuttle	O
Columbia	B-General_Concept
disaster	O
and	O
had	O
worked	O
as	O
an	O
engineer	O
at	O
Ames	O
Research	O
Center	O
prior	O
to	O
joining	O
the	O
Space	O
Shuttle	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kalpana	B-General_Concept
was	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
first	O
single-system	B-Operating_System
image	I-Operating_System
(	O
SSI	B-Operating_System
)	O
Linux	B-Application
supercomputer	B-Architecture
,	O
based	O
on	O
SGI	O
's	O
Altix	O
3000	O
architecture	O
and	O
512	O
Intel	O
Itanium	O
2	O
processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
was	O
"	O
used	O
to	O
develop	O
substantially	O
more	O
capable	O
simulation	O
models	O
to	O
better	O
assess	O
the	O
evolution	O
and	O
behavior	O
of	O
the	O
Earth	O
's	O
climate	O
system	O
,	O
"	O
said	O
NASA	O
's	O
Deputy	O
Associate	O
Administrator	O
for	O
Earth	O
Science	O
,	O
Ghassem	O
Asrar	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
served	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
several	O
testbed	O
systems	O
NASA	O
purchased	O
to	O
determine	O
what	O
architecture	O
to	O
proceed	O
with	O
for	O
new	O
supercomputing	B-Architecture
projects	O
and	O
lead	O
to	O
the	O
purchase	O
and	O
construction	O
of	O
the	O
Columbia	B-General_Concept
supercomputer	I-General_Concept
,	O
named	O
in	O
honor	O
of	O
the	O
STS-107	O
crew	O
lost	O
in	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2004	O
the	O
Kalpana	B-General_Concept
system	O
was	O
integrated	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
first	O
node	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
20-node	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
