<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
,	O
the	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
Markup	O
Language	O
is	O
a	O
lightweight	B-Protocol
markup	I-Protocol
language	I-Protocol
used	O
to	O
map	O
between	O
XML	B-Protocol
(	O
Extensible	B-Protocol
Markup	I-Protocol
Language	I-Protocol
)	O
and	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
(	O
JavaScript	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Notation	I-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
converts	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
or	O
fragment	O
into	O
a	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
data	O
structure	O
for	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
within	O
JavaScript	B-Language
environments	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
,	O
allowing	O
manipulation	O
of	O
XML	B-Protocol
data	O
without	O
the	O
overhead	O
of	O
an	O
XML	B-Protocol
parser	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
has	O
greatest	O
applicability	O
in	O
Ajax	B-General_Concept
(	O
Asynchronous	B-General_Concept
JavaScript	I-General_Concept
and	I-General_Concept
XML	I-General_Concept
)	O
web	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
transport	O
XHTML	B-Language
(	O
eXtensible	B-Language
HyperText	I-Language
Markup	I-Language
Language	I-Language
)	O
down	O
to	O
the	O
client	O
where	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
deterministically	B-Application
reconstructed	O
into	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
(	O
Document	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Model	I-General_Concept
)	O
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
underlying	O
structure	O
for	O
creating	O
intricate	O
client-side	O
templates	O
called	O
JBST	O
(	O
JsonML+	O
Browser-Side	O
Templates	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Syntactically	O
JBST	O
looks	O
like	O
JSP	B-Language
(	O
JavaServer	B-Language
Pages	I-Language
)	O
or	O
ASP.NET	B-Application
(	O
Active	O
Server	B-Application
Pages	O
.NET	O
)	O
user	O
controls	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Interactive	O
examples	O
are	O
available	O
on	O
jsonml.org	O
website	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conversion	O
from	O
XML	B-Protocol
to	O
JsonML	B-Protocol
is	O
partially	O
reversible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Language
Namespaces	I-Language
are	O
handled	O
by	O
prepending	O
the	O
element	O
name	O
with	O
the	O
namespace	O
prefix	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
<myns:myElement/>	O
becomes	O
 [ "myns:myElement" ] 	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
allows	O
any	O
XML	B-Protocol
document	I-Protocol
to	O
be	O
represented	O
uniquely	O
as	O
a	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
string	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JSON	B-General_Concept
arrays	B-Data_Structure
to	O
represent	O
XML	B-Protocol
elements	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
JSON	B-General_Concept
objects	B-Application
to	O
represent	O
attributes	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
JSON	B-General_Concept
strings	O
to	O
represent	O
text	O
nodes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
encodedOriginal	O
XML[ 	O
"	O
person	O
"	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
“	O
regular	O
”	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
transformation	O
produces	O
a	O
more	O
compact	O
representation	O
,	O
but	O
loses	O
some	O
of	O
the	O
document	O
structural	O
information	O
,	O
in	O
that	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
define	O
whether	O
a	O
key-value	O
pair	O
is	O
an	O
attribute	O
or	O
a	O
node	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
user	O
group	O
thread	O
,	O
Douglas	O
Crockford	O
incorrectly	O
used	O
the	O
term	O
"	O
JsonML	B-Protocol
"	O
to	O
describe	O
two	O
variants	O
:	O
the	O
"	O
array	O
form	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
object	O
form	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
a	O
misuse	O
of	O
the	O
term	O
JsonML	B-Protocol
which	O
has	O
always	O
stood	O
to	O
mean	O
what	O
Crockford	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
array	O
form	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	B-Protocol
and	O
XSLT	B-Application
(	O
Extensible	B-Application
Stylesheet	I-Application
Language	I-Application
Transformations	I-Application
)	O
can	O
also	O
produce	O
client-side	O
templating	O
,	O
and	O
both	O
allow	O
caching	O
of	O
the	O
template	O
separate	O
from	O
the	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JBST	O
uses	O
JavaScript	B-Language
natively	O
in	O
the	O
template	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
requiring	O
mixing	O
of	O
different	O
types	O
of	O
control	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
seemingly	O
used	O
to	O
perform	O
similar	O
tasks	O
,	O
JsonML	B-Protocol
and	O
innerHTML	O
are	O
quite	O
different	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InnerHTML	O
requires	O
all	O
the	O
markup	O
in	O
an	O
exact	O
form	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
either	O
the	O
server	B-Application
is	O
rendering	O
the	O
markup	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
programmer	O
is	O
performing	O
expensive	O
string	O
concatenations	O
in	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
JsonML	B-Protocol
uses	O
client-side	O
templating	O
through	O
JBST	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
that	O
HTML	O
is	O
converted	O
into	O
a	O
JavaScript	B-Language
template	O
at	O
build	B-Application
time	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
run	B-Library
time	I-Library
,	O
the	O
data	O
is	O
supplied	O
and	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
elements	O
are	O
the	O
result	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
resulting	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
elements	O
can	O
be	O
inserted	O
or	O
replace	O
an	O
existing	O
element	O
,	O
which	O
innerHTML	O
cannot	O
easily	O
do	O
without	O
creating	O
excess	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
elements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
large	O
performance	O
gains	O
are	O
often	O
made	O
,	O
since	O
the	O
markup	O
is	O
requested	O
or	O
cached	B-Protocol
separately	O
from	O
the	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
simplicity	O
,	O
innerHTML	O
has	O
been	O
the	O
preferred	O
method	O
for	O
the	O
HTML-Message	O
pattern	O
style	O
of	O
Ajax	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
tools	O
like	O
JsonFx	O
aim	O
to	O
simplify	O
JsonML	B-Protocol
and	O
JBST	O
implementation	O
while	O
still	O
providing	O
a	O
full	O
browser-side	B-Application
templating	I-Application
Ajax	B-General_Concept
pattern	O
.	O
</s>
