<s>
The	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
Specification	I-Language
defines	O
a	O
contract	B-Application
between	O
the	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
and	O
portlets	B-Language
and	O
provides	O
a	O
convenient	O
programming	O
model	O
for	O
Java	O
portlet	B-Language
developers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Portlets	B-Language
are	O
pluggable	B-Language
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
software	O
components	O
that	O
are	O
managed	O
and	O
displayed	O
in	O
a	O
web	O
portal	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
an	O
enterprise	B-Application
portal	I-Application
or	O
a	O
web	O
CMS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
can	O
aggregate	O
(	O
integrate	O
)	O
and	O
personalize	O
content	O
from	O
different	O
sources	O
within	O
a	O
web	O
page	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
responds	O
to	O
requests	O
from	O
a	O
web	O
client	O
with	O
and	O
generates	O
dynamic	O
content	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Portlets	B-Language
produce	O
fragments	O
of	O
markup	O
(	O
HTML	B-Language
,	O
XHTML	B-Language
,	O
WML	B-General_Concept
)	O
that	O
are	O
aggregated	O
into	O
a	O
portal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Typically	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
desktop	B-Application
metaphor	I-Application
,	O
a	O
portal	O
page	O
is	O
displayed	O
as	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
non-overlapping	O
portlet	B-Language
windows	O
,	O
where	O
each	O
portlet	B-Language
window	O
displays	O
a	O
portlet	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hence	O
a	O
portlet	B-Language
(	O
or	O
collection	O
of	O
portlets	B-Language
)	O
resembles	O
a	O
web-based	B-Application
application	I-Application
that	O
is	O
hosted	O
in	O
a	O
portal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
examples	O
of	O
portlet	B-Language
applications	O
are	O
e-mail	O
,	O
weather	O
reports	O
,	O
discussion	B-Application
forums	I-Application
,	O
and	O
news	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
is	O
managed	O
by	O
a	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Portlet	B-Language
standards	O
platform	O
independent	O
application	B-Application
programming	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
that	O
are	O
intended	O
to	O
enable	O
software	B-Application
developers	I-Application
to	O
create	O
portlets	B-Language
that	O
can	O
be	O
plugged	B-Application
into	I-Application
any	O
portal	O
supporting	O
the	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
is	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
Specification	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Java	O
portlet	B-Language
resembles	O
a	O
Java	B-Application
Servlet	I-Application
,	O
but	O
produces	O
fragments	O
rather	O
than	O
complete	O
documents	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
bound	O
by	O
a	O
URL	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
runs	O
portlets	B-Language
and	O
provides	O
them	O
with	O
the	O
required	O
runtime	O
environment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
contains	O
portlets	B-Language
and	O
manages	O
their	O
life	O
cycles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
provides	O
persistent	O
storage	O
mechanisms	O
for	O
the	O
portlet	B-Language
preferences	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
receives	O
requests	O
from	O
the	O
portal	O
to	O
execute	O
requests	O
on	O
the	O
portlets	B-Language
hosted	O
by	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
is	O
not	O
responsible	O
for	O
aggregating	O
the	O
content	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
portlets	B-Language
;	O
the	O
portal	O
itself	O
handles	O
aggregation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
portal	O
and	O
a	O
portlet	B-Language
container	I-Language
can	O
be	O
built	O
together	O
as	O
a	O
single	O
component	O
of	O
an	O
application	O
suite	O
or	O
as	O
two	O
separate	O
components	O
of	O
a	O
portal	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
Specification	I-Language
V1.0	O
was	O
developed	O
under	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
Community	I-Language
Process	I-Language
as	O
Java	B-Language
Specification	I-Language
Request	I-Language
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
,	O
and	O
released	O
in	O
its	O
final	O
form	O
in	O
October	O
2003	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
Specification	I-Language
V1.0	O
introduces	O
the	O
basic	O
portlet	B-Language
programming	O
model	O
with	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
a	O
packaging	O
format	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
group	O
different	O
portlets	B-Language
and	O
other	O
Java	B-Language
EE	I-Language
artifacts	O
needed	O
by	O
these	O
portlets	B-Language
into	O
one	O
portlet	B-Language
application	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
deployed	O
on	O
the	O
portal	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Portal	O
development	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
integrate	O
the	O
different	O
web-based	B-Application
applications	I-Application
for	O
supporting	O
deliveries	O
of	O
information	O
and	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
Java	O
portal	O
vendors	O
had	O
their	O
own	O
portlet	B-Language
development	O
framework	O
thus	O
those	O
portlets	B-Language
were	O
confined	O
to	O
specific	O
portal	O
servers	O
and	O
could	O
n't	O
be	O
deployed	O
to	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
Java	O
portals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
inception	O
,	O
Java	O
portlets	B-Language
may	O
be	O
deployed	O
on	O
any	O
Java	O
portal	O
servers	O
adhering	O
to	O
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
specifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Portlets	B-Language
Catalog	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
portlets	B-Language
that	O
are	O
ready-to-use	O
components	O
for	O
enterprise	B-Application
portals	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
those	O
who	O
want	O
to	O
adopt	O
portals	O
certainly	O
need	O
many	O
and	O
variety	O
of	O
portlets	B-Language
to	O
deploy	O
and	O
run	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Here	O
Portlets	B-Language
catalog	O
are	O
of	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
portlets	B-Language
catalog	O
makes	O
sure	O
that	O
portlets	B-Language
under	O
this	O
catalog	O
may	O
run	O
on	O
any	O
standards	O
–	O
compliant	O
Java	O
portal	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Types	O
of	O
portlet	B-Language
solution	O
(	O
vertical	O
domains	O
and	O
technology	O
)	O
like	O
collaboration	O
,	O
social	O
networking	O
,	O
community	O
,	O
content	O
management	O
,	O
utility	O
,	O
calendaring	O
,	O
HRM	O
all	O
are	O
available	O
in	O
these	O
catalogs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
many	O
open	O
source	O
and	O
commercial	O
Portlets	B-Language
Catalog	O
available	O
but	O
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
based	O
solutions	O
are	O
rare	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
specifications	O
offer	O
suitability	O
to	O
the	O
developers	B-Application
to	O
reuse	O
the	O
code	O
to	O
maintain	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
JSR	B-Language
168	I-Language
compliant	O
portlets	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
JSR-286	B-Language
is	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
specification	I-Language
v2.0	O
as	O
developed	O
under	O
the	O
JCP	B-Language
and	O
created	O
in	O
alignment	O
with	O
the	O
updated	O
version	O
2.0	O
of	O
WSRP	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
developed	O
to	O
improve	O
on	O
the	O
short-comings	O
of	O
the	O
version	O
1.0	O
specification	O
,	O
JSR-168	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
JSR-362	O
is	O
the	O
Java	B-Language
Portlet	I-Language
specification	I-Language
v3.0	O
and	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
April	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
