<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
complete	O
open-source	B-Application
SDK	B-Application
for	O
hybrid	O
mobile	O
app	O
development	O
created	O
by	O
Max	O
Lynch	O
,	O
Ben	O
Sperry	O
,	O
and	O
Adam	O
Bradley	O
of	O
Drifty	O
Co	O
.	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
version	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
2013	O
and	O
built	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
AngularJS	B-Application
and	O
Apache	B-Protocol
Cordova	I-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
latest	O
release	O
was	O
re-built	O
as	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
Web	B-Language
Components	I-Language
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
choose	O
any	O
user	O
interface	O
framework	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Angular	B-Language
,	O
React	B-Application
or	O
Vue.js	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
allows	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
components	O
with	O
no	O
user	O
interface	O
framework	O
at	O
all	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
provides	O
tools	O
and	O
services	O
for	O
developing	O
hybrid	O
mobile	O
,	O
desktop	O
,	O
and	O
progressive	B-Application
web	I-Application
apps	I-Application
based	O
on	O
modern	O
web	O
development	O
technologies	O
and	O
practices	O
,	O
using	O
Web	O
technologies	O
like	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Sass	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
particular	O
,	O
mobile	O
apps	O
can	O
be	O
built	O
with	O
these	O
Web	O
technologies	O
and	O
then	O
distributed	O
through	O
native	O
app	B-Application
stores	I-Application
to	O
be	O
installed	O
on	O
devices	O
by	O
utilizing	O
Cordova	B-Protocol
or	O
Capacitor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
was	O
created	O
by	O
Drifty	O
Co	O
.	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
January	O
2019	O
,	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
4	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
choose	O
other	O
frameworks	O
apart	O
from	O
Angular	B-Language
like	O
React	B-Application
,	O
Vue.js	B-Language
,	O
and	O
web	B-Language
components	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
uses	O
Cordova	B-Protocol
and	O
,	O
more	O
recently	O
,	O
Capacitor	O
plugins	O
to	O
gain	O
access	O
to	O
host	O
operating	O
systems	O
features	O
such	O
as	O
Camera	O
,	O
GPS	O
,	O
Flashlight	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
build	O
their	O
apps	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
customized	O
for	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
Windows	O
,	O
Desktop	O
(	O
with	O
Electron	B-Operating_System
)	O
,	O
or	O
modern	O
browsers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
allows	O
app	O
building	O
and	O
deployment	O
by	O
wrapping	O
around	O
the	O
build	B-Application
tool	I-Application
Cordova	B-Protocol
or	O
Capacitor	O
with	O
a	O
simplified	O
'	O
ionic	B-General_Concept
 '	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
tool	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
includes	O
mobile	O
components	O
,	O
typography	O
,	O
interactive	O
paradigms	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
extensible	O
base	O
theme	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
Web	B-Language
Components	I-Language
,	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
provides	O
custom	O
components	O
and	O
methods	O
for	O
interacting	O
with	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
the	O
SDK	B-Application
,	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
also	O
provides	O
services	O
that	O
developers	O
can	O
use	O
to	O
enable	O
features	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
code	B-Application
deploys	I-Application
,	O
automated	B-Application
builds	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
also	O
provides	O
its	O
own	O
IDE	B-Application
known	O
as	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
Studio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
also	O
provides	O
a	O
command-line	B-Application
interface	I-Application
(	O
CLI	O
)	O
to	O
create	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CLI	O
also	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
add	O
Cordova	B-Protocol
plugins	O
and	O
additional	O
front-end	O
packages	O
,	O
enable	O
push	O
notifications	O
,	O
generate	O
app	O
Icons	O
and	O
Splash	O
screens	O
,	O
and	O
build	O
native	O
binaries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
supports	O
Android	B-Application
4.4	O
and	O
up	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
Ionic	B-General_Concept
supports	O
iOS	B-Application
10	O
and	O
up	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
2	O
supports	O
the	O
Universal	O
Windows	O
Platform	O
for	O
building	O
Windows	B-Operating_System
10	I-Operating_System
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
Framework	I-General_Concept
,	O
based	O
on	O
Angular.js	B-Application
,	O
supports	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
10	I-Application
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
apps	O
run	O
with	O
a	O
mixture	O
of	O
native	O
code	O
and	O
web	O
code	O
,	O
providing	O
full	O
access	O
to	O
native	O
functionality	O
if	O
necessary	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
bulk	O
of	O
the	O
UI	O
of	O
the	O
app	O
built	O
with	O
standard	O
web	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
utilizes	O
native	O
hardware	O
acceleration	O
features	O
available	O
in	O
the	O
browser	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
CSS	B-Language
animations	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
optimizes	O
rendering	O
(	O
avoiding	O
expensive	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
manipulation	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
leverages	O
CSS	B-Language
transitions	O
and	O
transforms	O
for	O
animation	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
leverage	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
and	O
maximize	O
available	O
processor	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ionic	B-General_Concept
is	O
an	O
npm	B-Language
module	I-Language
and	O
requires	O
Node.js	B-Language
.	O
</s>
