<s>
Interleaved	B-Algorithm
polling	I-Algorithm
with	I-Algorithm
adaptive	I-Algorithm
cycle	I-Algorithm
time	I-Algorithm
(	O
IPACT	O
)	O
is	O
an	O
algorithm	O
designed	O
by	O
Glen	O
Kramer	O
,	O
Biswanath	O
Mukherjee	O
and	O
Gerry	O
Pesavento	O
of	O
the	O
Advanced	O
Technology	O
Lab	O
at	O
the	O
University	O
of	O
California	O
,	O
Davis	O
in	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPACT	O
is	O
a	O
dynamic	B-Protocol
bandwidth	I-Protocol
allocation	I-Protocol
algorithm	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
Ethernet	O
passive	B-Architecture
optical	I-Architecture
networks	I-Architecture
(	O
EPONs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPACT	O
uses	O
the	O
Gate	O
and	O
Report	O
messages	O
provided	O
by	O
the	O
EPON	O
Multi-Point	O
Control	O
Protocol	O
(	O
MPCP	O
)	O
to	O
allocate	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
to	O
Optical	O
Network	O
Units	O
(	O
ONUs	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
the	O
optical	B-Protocol
line	I-Protocol
terminal	I-Protocol
grants	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
to	O
an	O
ONU	O
and	O
waits	O
until	O
it	O
has	O
received	O
that	O
particular	O
ONU	O
's	O
transmission	O
before	O
granting	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
to	O
another	O
ONU	O
,	O
then	O
time	O
equivalent	O
to	O
a	O
whole	O
messaging	O
round-trip	O
is	O
wasted	O
during	O
which	O
the	O
upstream	O
may	O
remain	O
idle	O
.	O
</s>
