<s>
InterBase	B-Application
is	O
a	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
management	I-Application
system	I-Application
(	O
RDBMS	O
)	O
currently	O
developed	O
and	O
marketed	O
by	O
Embarcadero	O
Technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
is	O
distinguished	O
from	O
other	O
RDBMSs	O
by	O
its	O
small	O
footprint	O
,	O
close	O
to	O
zero	O
administration	O
requirements	O
,	O
and	O
multi-generational	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
runs	O
on	O
the	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
,	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Solaris	B-Application
operating	I-Application
systems	I-Application
as	O
well	O
as	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
is	O
a	O
SQL-92-compliant	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
and	O
supports	O
standard	O
interfaces	O
such	O
as	O
JDBC	B-Language
,	O
ODBC	B-Application
,	O
and	O
ADO.NET	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
full	O
InterBase	B-Application
server	O
installation	O
requires	O
around	O
40	O
MB	O
on	O
disk	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
minimum	O
InterBase	B-Application
client	O
install	O
requires	O
about	O
400	O
KB	O
of	O
disk	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
can	O
be	O
run	O
as	O
an	O
embedded	O
database	O
or	O
regular	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
InterBase	B-Application
XE	O
,	O
InterBase	B-Application
includes	O
256-bit	O
AES-strength	O
encryption	O
that	O
offers	O
full	O
database	O
,	O
table	O
or	O
column	O
data	O
encryption	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
avoid	O
blocking	O
during	O
updates	O
,	O
Interbase	B-Application
uses	O
multiversion	B-Operating_System
concurrency	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
instead	O
of	O
locks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
also	O
uses	O
multi-generational	O
records	O
to	O
implement	O
rollbacks	B-Application
rather	O
than	O
transaction	B-General_Concept
logs	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiversion	B-Operating_System
concurrency	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
is	O
described	O
in	O
some	O
detail	O
in	O
sections	O
4.3	O
and	O
5.5	O
of	O
the	O
1981	O
paper	O
"	O
Concurrency	O
Control	O
in	O
Distributed	O
Database	B-Application
Systems	I-Application
"	O
by	O
Philip	O
Bernstein	O
and	O
Nathan	O
Goodman	O
—	O
then	O
employed	O
by	O
the	O
Computer	O
Corporation	O
of	O
America	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reed	O
which	O
quite	O
clearly	O
describes	O
MVCC	B-Operating_System
and	O
claims	O
it	O
as	O
an	O
original	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jim	O
Starkey	O
was	O
working	O
at	O
DEC	O
on	O
their	O
DATATRIEVE	B-Application
4th	B-Language
generation	I-Language
language	I-Language
4GL	B-Language
product	O
when	O
he	O
came	O
up	O
with	O
an	O
idea	O
for	O
a	O
system	O
to	O
manage	O
concurrent	O
changes	O
by	O
many	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
idea	O
dramatically	O
simplified	O
the	O
existing	O
problems	O
of	O
locking	B-Operating_System
which	O
were	O
proving	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
serious	O
problem	O
for	O
the	O
new	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
systems	O
being	O
developed	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Starkey	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
had	O
the	O
idea	O
after	O
he	O
had	O
spun	O
off	O
his	O
original	O
relational	B-Application
database	I-Application
project	O
to	O
another	O
group	O
and	O
a	O
turf	O
war	O
ensued	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
InterBase	B-Application
's	O
implementation	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
described	O
by	O
Reed	O
in	O
his	O
MIT	O
dissertation	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
database	O
that	O
existed	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
and	O
Starkey	O
knew	O
Bernstein	O
from	O
his	O
previous	O
position	O
at	O
the	O
Computer	O
Corporation	O
of	O
America	O
and	O
later	O
at	O
DEC	O
,	O
Starkey	O
has	O
stated	O
that	O
he	O
arrived	O
at	O
the	O
idea	O
of	O
multiversion	B-Operating_System
concurrency	I-Operating_System
control	I-Operating_System
independently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
inspiration	O
for	O
multi-generational	O
concurrency	O
control	O
was	O
a	O
database	B-Application
system	I-Application
done	O
by	O
Prime	O
that	O
supported	O
page	O
level	O
snapshots	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
intention	O
of	O
the	O
feature	O
was	O
to	O
give	O
a	O
reader	O
a	O
consistent	B-General_Concept
view	O
of	O
the	O
database	O
without	O
blocking	O
writers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
idea	O
intrigued	O
me	O
as	O
a	O
very	O
useful	O
characteristic	O
of	O
a	O
database	B-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
had	O
heard	O
that	O
the	O
local	O
workstation	B-Device
vendor	O
Apollo	O
Computer	O
was	O
looking	O
for	O
a	O
database	O
offering	O
on	O
their	O
Unix	B-Application
machines	O
,	O
and	O
they	O
agreed	O
to	O
fund	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
their	O
encouragement	O
he	O
formed	O
Groton	O
Database	B-Application
Systems	I-Application
(	O
named	O
after	O
the	O
town	O
,	O
Groton	O
,	O
Massachusetts	O
,	O
where	O
they	O
were	O
located	O
)	O
on	O
Labor	O
Day	O
1984	O
and	O
started	O
work	O
on	O
what	O
would	O
eventually	O
be	O
released	O
as	O
InterBase	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
1986	O
and	O
1991	O
the	O
product	O
was	O
gradually	O
sold	O
to	O
Ashton-Tate	O
,	O
makers	O
of	O
the	O
famous	O
dBASE	B-Application
who	O
were	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
purchasing	O
various	O
database	O
companies	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
fill	O
out	O
their	O
portfolio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
was	O
soon	O
in	O
trouble	O
,	O
and	O
Borland	O
purchased	O
Ashton-Tate	O
in	O
1991	O
,	O
acquiring	O
InterBase	B-Application
as	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
deal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
2000	O
,	O
Borland	O
announced	O
that	O
InterBase	B-Application
would	O
be	O
released	O
under	O
open-source	B-Application
,	O
and	O
began	O
negotiations	O
to	O
spin	O
off	O
a	O
separate	O
company	O
to	O
manage	O
the	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
people	O
who	O
were	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
new	O
company	O
and	O
Borland	O
could	O
not	O
agree	O
on	O
the	O
terms	O
of	O
the	O
separation	O
,	O
InterBase	B-Application
remained	O
a	O
Borland	O
product	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
for	O
InterBase	B-Application
version	O
6	O
was	O
released	O
under	O
a	O
variant	O
of	O
the	O
Mozilla	B-License
Public	I-License
License	I-License
in	O
mid-2000	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
InterBase	B-Application
division	O
at	O
Borland	O
under	O
new	O
management	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
released	O
a	O
proprietary	B-Application
version	O
of	O
InterBase	B-Application
version	O
6	O
and	O
then	O
6.5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Borland	O
released	O
several	O
updates	O
to	O
the	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
code	I-Application
before	O
announcing	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
no	O
longer	O
actively	O
develop	O
the	O
open	O
source	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Firebird	B-Application
,	O
an	O
open	O
source	O
fork	B-Application
of	O
the	O
InterBase	B-Application
6	O
code	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
remains	O
in	O
active	O
development	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
February	O
8	O
of	O
2006	O
,	O
Borland	O
announced	O
the	O
intention	O
to	O
sell	O
their	O
line	O
of	O
development	O
tool	O
products	O
,	O
including	O
InterBase	B-Application
,	O
Delphi	B-Language
,	O
JBuilder	B-Application
,	O
and	O
other	O
tools	O
,	O
but	O
instead	O
of	O
selling	O
the	O
divisions	O
,	O
Borland	O
spun	O
them	O
out	O
as	O
a	O
subsidiary	O
on	O
14	O
November	O
2006	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
,	O
along	O
with	O
IDE	O
tools	O
such	O
as	O
Delphi	B-Language
and	O
JBuilder	B-Application
were	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
new	O
company	O
's	O
product	O
lineup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2002	O
,	O
Borland	O
released	O
InterBase	B-Application
version	O
7	O
,	O
featuring	O
support	O
for	O
SMP	B-Operating_System
,	O
enhanced	O
support	O
for	O
monitoring	O
and	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
server	O
by	O
administrators	O
,	O
and	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Borland	O
released	O
InterBase	B-Application
7.1	O
in	O
June	O
2003	O
,	O
7.5	O
in	O
December	O
2004	O
,	O
and	O
7.5.1	O
on	O
June	O
1	O
,	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2006	O
,	O
Borland	O
announced	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
InterBase	B-Application
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
new	O
features	O
include	O
point	O
in	O
time	O
recovery	O
via	O
journaling	B-Application
(	O
which	O
also	O
allows	O
recoverability	O
without	O
the	O
performance	O
penalty	O
of	O
synchronous	O
writes	O
)	O
,	O
incremental	B-General_Concept
backup	I-General_Concept
,	O
batch	O
statement	O
operations	O
,	O
new	O
Unicode	O
character	B-General_Concept
encodings	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
a	O
new	O
ODBC	B-Application
driver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2008	O
,	O
Embarcadero	O
announced	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
InterBase	B-Application
2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
new	O
features	O
include	O
full	O
database	O
encryption	O
,	O
selective	O
column-level	O
data	O
encryption	O
and	O
over-the-wire	O
encryption	O
offering	O
secure	O
TCP/IP	O
communication	O
via	O
Secure	B-Protocol
Sockets	I-Protocol
Layer	I-Protocol
(	O
SSL	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2010	O
,	O
Embarcadero	O
announced	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
InterBase	B-Application
XE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2013/2014	O
Embarcadero	O
added	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
then	O
Android	B-Application
to	O
the	O
available	O
supported	O
platforms	O
in	O
InterBase	B-Application
XE3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
InterBase	B-Application
IBLite	O
was	O
released	O
-	O
a	O
run	O
time	O
royalty	O
free	O
edition	O
of	O
InterBase	B-Application
covering	O
Windows	O
,	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2014	O
,	O
embarcadero	O
released	O
InterBase	B-Application
XE7	O
offering	O
a	O
brand	O
new	O
,	O
patent	O
pending	O
change	O
tracking	O
technology	O
called	O
"	O
Change	O
Views.	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Added	O
Ubuntu	O
to	O
the	O
certified	O
Linux	B-Application
platforms	O
and	O
also	O
added	O
64bit	O
Linux	B-Application
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2017	O
,	O
Embarcadero	O
released	O
InterBase	B-Application
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
InterBase	B-Application
2017	O
includes	O
InterBase	B-Application
ToGo	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
Server	O
wide	O
monitoring	O
support	O
for	O
InterBase	B-Application
Server	O
,	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
language	O
enhancements	O
(	O
including	O
derived	O
tables	O
and	O
common	O
table	O
expressions	O
,	O
truncate	O
table	O
for	O
faster	O
data	O
removal	O
)	O
,	O
enhancements	O
to	O
Change	O
Views	O
for	O
expanding	O
a	O
subscription	O
with	O
a	O
table	O
wide	O
scope	O
,	O
new	O
transaction	O
isolation	O
levels	O
and	O
transaction	O
wait	O
time	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Nov	O
2019	O
,	O
Embarcadero	O
released	O
InterBase	B-Application
2020	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
Update	O
1	O
release	O
in	O
May	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
InterBase	B-Application
2020	O
release	O
adds	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
features	O
,	O
including	O
tablespaces	O
support	O
for	O
InterBase	B-Application
,	O
allowing	O
for	O
better	O
performance	O
on	O
servers	O
with	O
multiple	O
data	O
storage	O
options	O
.	O
</s>
