<s>
An	O
integration	B-General_Concept
competency	I-General_Concept
center	I-General_Concept
(	O
ICC	O
)	O
,	O
sometimes	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
an	O
integration	O
center	O
of	O
excellence	O
(	O
COE	O
)	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
shared	O
service	O
function	O
providing	O
methodical	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
,	O
system	O
integration	O
,	O
or	O
enterprise	B-Architecture
application	I-Architecture
integration	I-Architecture
within	O
organizations	O
,	O
particularly	O
large	O
corporations	O
and	O
public	O
sector	O
institutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
allows	O
companies	O
to	O
access	O
their	O
enterprise	O
data	O
and	O
functions	O
,	O
fragmented	O
across	O
disparate	O
systems	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
combined	O
,	O
accurate	O
,	O
and	O
consistent	O
view	O
of	O
their	O
core	O
information	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
process	O
assets	O
and	O
leverage	O
them	O
across	O
the	O
enterprise	O
to	O
drive	O
business	O
decisions	O
and	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Enterprise	B-Architecture
application	I-Architecture
integration	I-Architecture
enables	O
efficient	O
information	O
exchanges	O
and	O
business	O
process	O
automation	O
across	O
separate	O
computer	O
applications	O
in	O
a	O
cohesive	O
fashion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
will	O
include	O
data	O
warehousing	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
migration	I-General_Concept
,	O
data	O
quality	O
management	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
for	O
service	O
oriented	O
architecture	O
deployments	O
,	O
and	O
data	B-General_Concept
synchronization	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
"	O
integration	B-General_Concept
competency	I-General_Concept
center	I-General_Concept
"	O
and	O
its	O
acronym	O
ICC	O
was	O
popularized	O
by	O
Roy	O
Schulte	O
of	O
Gartner	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
articles	O
and	O
conference	O
presentations	O
beginning	O
in	O
2001	O
with	O
The	O
Integration	B-General_Concept
Competency	I-General_Concept
Center	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
major	O
milestone	O
was	O
the	O
publication	O
in	O
2005	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
book	O
on	O
the	O
topic	O
:	O
Integration	B-General_Concept
Competency	I-General_Concept
Center	I-General_Concept
:	O
An	O
Implementation	O
Methodology	O
by	O
John	O
G	O
.	O
Schmidt	O
and	O
David	O
Lyle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
advanced	O
ICC	O
's	O
are	O
using	O
Lean	B-General_Concept
Integration	I-General_Concept
practices	O
to	O
optimize	O
end-to-end	O
processes	O
and	O
to	O
drive	O
continuous	O
improvements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
offers	O
more	O
support	O
for	O
development	O
projects	O
,	O
providing	O
management	O
,	O
development	O
resources	O
,	O
data	B-General_Concept
profiling	I-General_Concept
,	O
data	O
quality	O
,	O
and	O
unit	O
testing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
a	O
central	O
services	O
ICC	O
is	O
more	O
involved	O
in	O
development	O
activities	O
than	O
the	O
other	O
models	O
,	O
it	O
requires	O
a	O
production	O
operator	O
and	O
a	O
data	B-General_Concept
integration	I-General_Concept
developer	O
.	O
</s>
