<s>
In	O
computer	B-General_Concept
programming	I-General_Concept
,	O
an	O
input	B-Error_Name
kludge	I-Error_Name
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
failure	O
in	O
software	B-Application
(	O
an	O
anti-pattern	O
)	O
where	O
simple	O
user	O
input	O
is	O
not	O
handled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
if	O
a	O
computer	B-Application
program	I-Application
accepts	O
free	O
text	O
input	O
from	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
an	O
ad	O
hoc	O
algorithm	O
will	O
mishandle	O
many	O
combinations	O
of	O
legal	O
and	O
illegal	O
input	O
strings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Input	B-Error_Name
kludges	I-Error_Name
are	O
usually	O
difficult	O
for	O
a	O
programmer	O
to	O
detect	O
in	O
a	O
unit	O
test	O
,	O
but	O
very	O
easy	O
for	O
the	O
end	O
user	O
to	O
find	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
evidence	O
exists	O
that	O
the	O
end	O
user	O
can	O
easily	O
crash	B-General_Concept
software	B-Application
that	O
fails	O
to	O
correctly	O
handle	O
user	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Indeed	O
,	O
the	O
buffer	B-General_Concept
overflow	I-General_Concept
security	O
hole	O
is	O
an	O
example	O
of	O
the	O
problems	O
caused	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
remedy	O
input	B-Error_Name
kludges	I-Error_Name
,	O
one	O
may	O
use	O
input	O
validation	O
algorithms	O
to	O
handle	O
user	O
input	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
monkey	O
test	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
detect	O
an	O
input	B-Error_Name
kludge	I-Error_Name
problem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
common	O
first	O
test	O
to	O
discover	O
this	O
problem	O
is	O
to	O
roll	O
one	O
's	O
hand	O
across	O
the	O
computer	B-Device
keyboard	I-Device
or	O
to	O
'	O
mash	O
 '	O
the	O
keyboard	B-Device
to	O
produce	O
a	O
large	O
junk	O
input	O
,	O
but	O
such	O
an	O
action	O
often	O
lacks	O
reproducibility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Greater	O
systematicity	O
and	O
reproducibility	O
may	O
be	O
obtained	O
by	O
using	O
fuzz	O
testing	O
software	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
