<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
closely	O
linked	O
with	O
information	B-General_Concept
technology	I-General_Concept
,	O
information	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
digital	O
world	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
difficult	O
to	O
give	O
one	O
definition	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
,	O
and	O
many	O
approaches	O
exist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
literature	O
regarding	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
focuses	O
on	O
the	O
relationship	O
between	O
individuals	O
and	O
information	O
in	O
their	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Curry	O
and	O
Moore	O
are	O
most	O
frequently	O
cited	O
in	O
the	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
literature	O
,	O
and	O
there	O
is	O
consensus	O
of	O
that	O
values	O
accorded	O
to	O
information	O
,	O
and	O
attitudes	O
towards	O
it	O
are	O
indicators	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
(	O
McMillan	O
et	O
al.	O
,	O
2012	O
;	O
Curry	O
and	O
Moore	O
,	O
2003	O
;	O
Furness	O
,	O
2010	O
;	O
Oliver	O
,	O
2007	O
;	O
Davenport	O
and	O
Prusak	O
,	O
1997	O
;	O
Widén-Wulff	O
,	O
2000	O
;	O
Jarvenpaa	O
and	O
Staples	O
,	O
2001	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
a	O
culture	O
that	O
is	O
conducive	O
to	O
effective	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
where	O
"	O
the	O
value	O
and	O
utility	O
of	O
information	O
in	O
achieving	O
operational	O
and	O
strategic	O
goals	O
is	O
recognized	O
,	O
where	O
information	O
forms	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
organizational	O
decision	O
making	O
,	O
and	O
information	B-General_Concept
technology	I-General_Concept
is	O
readily	O
exploited	O
as	O
an	O
enabler	O
for	O
effective	O
information	O
systems	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
whole	O
organizational	O
culture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
only	O
by	O
understanding	O
the	O
organisation	O
that	O
progress	O
can	O
be	O
made	O
with	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
activities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ginman	O
defines	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
as	O
the	O
culture	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
intellectual	O
resources	O
is	O
maintained	O
alongside	O
the	O
transformation	O
of	O
material	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
the	O
environment	O
where	O
knowledge	O
is	O
produced	O
with	O
social	O
intelligence	O
,	O
social	O
interaction	O
and	O
work	O
knowledge	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
many	O
organizations	O
,	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
information	B-General_Concept
technology	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
about	O
effective	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
to	O
use	O
information	O
,	O
not	O
machines	O
,	O
and	O
information	B-General_Concept
technology	I-General_Concept
is	O
just	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
,	O
which	O
has	O
an	O
interactive	O
role	O
in	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
the	O
part	O
of	O
organizational	O
culture	O
where	O
evaluation	O
and	O
attitudes	O
towards	O
information	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
situation	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
organization	O
works	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
also	O
about	O
formal	O
information	O
systems	O
(	O
technology	O
)	O
,	O
common	O
knowledge	O
,	O
individual	O
information	O
systems	O
(	O
attitudes	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
information	O
ethics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
does	O
not	O
include	O
written	O
or	O
conscious	O
behavior	O
and	O
what	O
seemingly	O
happening	O
in	O
the	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
affected	O
by	O
the	O
behaviors	O
of	O
internal	O
factors	O
of	O
organization	O
more	O
than	O
external	O
factors	O
,	O
which	O
comes	O
in	O
form	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
,	O
the	O
attitudes	O
and	O
the	O
traditions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
deals	O
with	O
information	O
,	O
information	O
channels	O
,	O
the	O
attitudes	O
,	O
the	O
use	O
and	O
ability	O
to	O
forward	O
or	O
gather	O
information	O
with	O
the	O
environmental	O
circumstances	O
effectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
these	O
theories	O
it	O
is	O
important	O
to	O
look	O
at	O
the	O
organization	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
how	O
the	O
user	O
uses	O
the	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
highly	O
developed	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
leads	O
the	O
organization	O
to	O
success	O
and	O
work	O
as	O
a	O
strategic	O
goal	O
that	O
positively	O
associated	O
with	O
organizational	O
practices	O
and	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
looked	O
at	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
as	O
the	O
socially	O
shared	O
patterns	O
of	O
behaviors	O
,	O
norms	O
and	O
values	O
that	O
define	O
the	O
significance	O
and	O
use	O
of	O
information	O
in	O
an	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
scholars	O
like	O
Manuel	O
Castells	O
posits	O
that	O
the	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
transcends	O
the	O
confines	O
of	O
organizations	O
and	O
government	O
participation	O
through	O
policies	O
is	O
relevant	O
for	O
achieving	O
the	O
norms	O
and	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marchand	O
,	O
Kettinger	O
and	O
Rollins	O
identifies	O
six	O
information	O
behaviors	O
and	O
values	O
to	O
profile	O
an	O
organization	O
's	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
:	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
a	O
widely	O
applied	O
construct	O
from	O
Cameron	O
and	O
Quinn	O
that	O
has	O
been	O
used	O
to	O
differentiate	O
organizational	O
culture	O
types	O
and	O
their	O
relationships	O
to	O
organizational	O
effectiveness	O
,	O
Choo	O
develops	O
a	O
typology	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
typologies	O
are	O
characterized	O
by	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
five	O
attributes	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
Choo	O
classifies	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
into	O
four	O
categories	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Relationship-based	O
Culture	O
:	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
supports	O
communication	O
,	O
participation	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
identity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Result-oriented	O
Culture	O
:	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
enables	O
the	O
organization	O
to	O
compete	O
and	O
succeed	O
in	O
its	O
market	O
or	O
sector	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rule-following	O
Culture	O
:	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
reinforces	O
the	O
control	O
of	O
internal	O
operations	O
,	O
rules	O
and	O
policies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Oliver	O
's	O
research	O
on	O
three	O
case	O
study	O
organizations	O
found	O
several	O
factors	O
that	O
characterized	O
and	O
differentiated	O
the	O
information	B-Application
cultures	I-Application
were	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
organizational	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
framework	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
attitudes	O
and	O
values	O
accorded	O
to	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compliance	O
requirements	O
for	O
the	O
management	O
of	O
information	O
have	O
a	O
significant	O
place	O
in	O
shaping	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
affects	O
support	O
,	O
enthusiasm	O
and	O
cooperation	O
of	O
staff	O
and	O
management	O
of	O
information	O
,	O
asserts	O
Curry	O
and	O
Moore	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
such	O
an	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
critical	O
to	O
the	O
successful	O
management	O
of	O
information	O
assets	O
,	O
then	O
it	O
becomes	O
vital	O
to	O
develop	O
and	O
nurture	O
the	O
commitment	O
from	O
both	O
management	O
and	O
staff	O
at	O
all	O
levels	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Curry	O
and	O
Moore	O
have	O
developed	O
an	O
exploratory	O
model	O
of	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
,	O
which	O
included	O
components	O
needed	O
within	O
a	O
strong	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
:	O
effective	O
communication	O
flows	O
,	O
cross-organizational	O
partnerships	O
,	O
co-operative	O
working	O
practices	O
and	O
open	O
access	O
to	O
relevant	O
information	O
,	O
management	O
of	O
information	O
systems	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
business	O
strategy	O
,	O
and	O
clear	O
guidelines	O
and	O
documentation	O
for	O
information	O
and	O
data	O
management	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Curry	O
and	O
Moore	O
define	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
as	O
"	O
a	O
culture	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
value	O
and	O
utility	O
of	O
information	O
in	O
achieving	O
operational	O
and	O
strategic	O
success	O
is	O
recognised	O
,	O
where	O
information	O
forms	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
organizational	O
decision	O
making	O
and	O
information	B-General_Concept
technology	I-General_Concept
is	O
readily	O
exploited	O
as	O
an	O
enabler	O
for	O
effective	O
information	O
systems	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
manifested	O
in	O
the	O
organization	O
's	O
values	O
,	O
norms	O
,	O
and	O
practices	O
that	O
affect	O
how	O
information	O
is	O
perceived	O
,	O
created	O
and	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
six	O
information	O
behaviors	O
and	O
values	O
identified	O
by	O
Marchand	O
to	O
characterize	O
the	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
of	O
an	O
organization	O
are	O
information	O
integrity	O
,	O
formality	O
,	O
control	O
,	O
sharing	O
,	O
transparency	O
,	O
and	O
proactiveness	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
systematically	O
identify	O
behaviors	O
and	O
values	O
that	O
describe	O
an	O
organization	O
's	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
systematically	O
identify	O
behaviours	O
and	O
values	O
that	O
characterize	O
an	O
organization	O
's	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
,	O
and	O
that	O
this	O
characterization	O
could	O
be	O
helpful	O
in	O
understanding	O
the	O
information	O
use	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
all	O
sorts	O
of	O
organizations	O
,	O
including	O
private	O
businesses	O
,	O
government	O
agencies	O
,	O
and	O
publicly	O
funded	O
institutions	O
such	O
as	O
libraries	O
and	O
museums	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
study	O
by	O
Choo	O
and	O
others	O
suggested	O
that	O
organizations	O
might	O
do	O
well	O
to	O
remember	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
rush	O
to	O
implement	O
strategies	O
and	O
systems	O
,	O
information	O
values	O
and	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
will	O
always	O
have	O
a	O
defining	O
influence	O
on	O
how	O
people	O
share	O
and	O
use	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
integrated	O
framework	O
is	O
used	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
association	O
between	O
organizational	O
culture	O
and	O
mental	O
health	O
is	O
mediated	O
by	O
the	O
work	O
organization	O
conditions	O
that	O
qualify	O
the	O
task	O
environment	O
like	O
information	B-Application
management	I-Application
,	O
information	O
sharing	O
and	O
decision	O
making	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Organizational	O
cultures	O
somehow	O
intertwined	O
with	O
the	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
is	O
a	O
part	O
of	O
organizational	O
Culture	O
as	O
values	O
,	O
behaviour	O
of	O
employees	O
in	O
the	O
organisation	O
somehow	O
effect	O
the	O
information	B-Application
culture	I-Application
.	O
</s>
