<s>
Information	B-Language
Processing	I-Language
Language	I-Language
(	O
IPL	B-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
created	O
by	O
Allen	O
Newell	O
,	O
Cliff	O
Shaw	O
,	O
and	O
Herbert	O
A	O
.	O
Simon	O
at	O
RAND	O
Corporation	O
and	O
the	O
Carnegie	O
Institute	O
of	O
Technology	O
about	O
1956	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
code	O
includes	O
features	O
intended	O
to	O
help	O
with	O
programs	O
that	O
perform	O
simple	O
problem	O
solving	O
actions	O
such	O
as	O
lists	O
,	O
dynamic	B-General_Concept
memory	I-General_Concept
allocation	I-General_Concept
,	O
data	O
types	O
,	O
recursion	O
,	O
functions	O
as	O
arguments	O
,	O
generators	O
,	O
and	O
cooperative	B-Operating_System
multitasking	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
invented	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
list	B-Language
processing	I-Language
,	O
albeit	O
in	O
an	O
assembly-language	B-Language
style	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
IPL	B-Language
computer	O
has	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
data	O
structure	O
of	O
IPL	B-Language
is	O
the	O
list	O
,	O
but	O
lists	O
are	O
more	O
intricate	O
structures	O
than	O
in	O
many	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
provides	O
primitives	O
to	O
access	O
and	O
mutate	O
attribute	O
value	O
by	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
is	O
an	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
for	O
manipulating	O
lists	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
has	O
a	O
library	O
of	O
some	O
150	O
basic	O
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
was	O
first	O
utilized	O
to	O
demonstrate	O
that	O
the	O
theorems	O
in	O
Principia	O
Mathematica	O
which	O
were	O
proven	O
laboriously	O
by	O
hand	O
,	O
by	O
Bertrand	O
Russell	O
and	O
Alfred	O
North	O
Whitehead	O
,	O
could	O
in	O
fact	O
be	O
proven	B-Application
by	I-Application
computation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
was	O
used	O
to	O
implement	O
several	O
early	O
artificial	B-Application
intelligence	I-Application
programs	I-Application
,	O
also	O
by	O
the	O
same	O
authors	O
:	O
the	O
Logic	B-Application
Theorist	I-Application
(	O
1956	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
General	O
Problem	O
Solver	O
(	O
1957	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
computer	B-Application
chess	I-Application
program	O
NSS	O
(	O
1958	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Several	O
versions	O
of	O
IPL	B-Language
were	O
created	O
:	O
IPL-I	O
(	O
never	O
implemented	O
)	O
,	O
IPL-II	O
(	O
1957	O
for	O
JOHNNIAC	B-Device
)	O
,	O
IPL-III	O
(	O
existed	O
briefly	O
)	O
,	O
IPL-IV	O
,	O
IPL-V	B-Language
(	O
1958	O
,	O
for	O
IBM	B-Device
650	I-Device
,	O
IBM	B-Device
704	I-Device
,	O
IBM	B-Device
7090	I-Device
,	O
Philco	O
model	O
212	O
,	O
many	O
others	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL-VI	O
was	O
a	O
proposal	O
for	O
a	O
IPL	B-Language
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
co-processor	O
“	O
IPL-VC	O
”	O
for	O
the	O
CDC	O
3600	O
at	O
Argonne	O
National	O
Libraries	O
was	O
developed	O
which	O
could	O
run	O
IPL-V	B-Language
commands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
was	O
soon	O
displaced	O
by	O
Lisp	B-Language
,	O
which	O
had	O
much	O
more	O
powerful	O
features	O
,	O
a	O
simpler	O
syntax	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
benefit	O
of	O
automatic	B-General_Concept
garbage	I-General_Concept
collection	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
IPL	B-Language
arguably	O
introduced	O
several	O
programming	O
language	O
features	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
of	O
these	O
features	O
were	O
generalized	O
,	O
rationalized	O
,	O
and	O
incorporated	O
into	O
Lisp	B-Language
and	O
from	O
there	O
into	O
many	O
other	O
programming	O
languages	O
during	O
the	O
next	O
several	O
decades	O
.	O
</s>
