<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
,	O
is	O
the	O
publishing	O
or	O
transfer	O
of	O
digital	B-Application
photos	I-Application
online	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
websites	O
offer	O
services	O
such	O
as	O
uploading	O
,	O
hosting	O
,	O
managing	O
and	O
sharing	O
of	O
photos	O
(	O
publicly	O
or	O
privately	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
term	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
loosely	O
applied	O
to	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
online	O
photo	O
galleries	O
that	O
are	O
set	O
up	O
and	O
managed	O
by	O
individual	O
users	O
,	O
including	O
photoblogs	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
photoblogs	B-Algorithm
tend	O
only	O
to	O
display	O
a	O
chronological	O
view	O
of	O
user-selected	O
medium-sized	O
photos	O
,	O
most	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	I-Algorithm
provide	O
multiple	O
views	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
thumbnails	O
and	O
slideshows	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
classify	O
photos	O
into	O
albums	O
,	O
and	O
add	O
annotations	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
captions	O
or	O
tags	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Basic	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
functionality	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
applications	O
that	O
allow	O
you	O
to	O
email	O
photos	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
by	O
dragging	O
and	O
dropping	O
them	O
into	O
pre-designed	O
templates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
is	O
not	O
confined	O
to	O
the	O
web	O
and	O
personal	O
computers	O
,	O
but	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
from	O
portable	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
camera	O
phones	O
,	O
either	O
directly	O
or	O
via	O
MMS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
cameras	O
now	O
come	O
equipped	O
with	O
wireless	B-Architecture
networking	I-Architecture
and	O
similar	O
sharing	O
functionality	O
themselves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	I-Algorithm
originated	O
during	O
the	O
mid	O
to	O
late	O
1990s	O
,	O
primarily	O
from	O
services	O
providing	O
online	O
ordering	O
of	O
prints	O
(	O
photo	O
finishing	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
many	O
more	O
came	O
into	O
being	O
during	O
the	O
early	O
2000s	O
with	O
the	O
goal	O
of	O
providing	O
permanent	O
and	O
centralized	O
access	O
to	O
a	O
user	O
's	O
photos	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
some	O
cases	O
video	O
clips	O
too	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Webshots	B-Algorithm
,	O
SmugMug	B-Algorithm
,	O
Yahoo	O
!	O
</s>
<s>
Photos	O
and	O
Flickr	B-Algorithm
were	O
among	O
the	O
first	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	O
can	O
be	O
broadly	O
broken	O
up	O
into	O
two	O
groups	O
:	O
sites	O
that	O
offer	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
for	O
free	O
and	O
sites	O
that	O
charge	O
consumers	O
directly	O
to	O
host	O
and	O
share	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Of	O
the	O
sites	O
that	O
offer	O
free	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
,	O
most	O
can	O
be	O
broken	O
up	O
into	O
advertising-supported	O
media	O
plays	O
and	O
online	O
photo	O
finishing	O
sites	O
,	O
where	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
vehicle	O
to	O
sell	O
prints	O
or	O
other	O
merchandise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consumers	O
can	O
share	O
their	O
photos	O
directly	O
from	O
their	O
home	O
computers	O
over	O
high	O
speed	O
connections	O
through	O
peer-to-peer	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
using	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Peer-to-peer	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
often	O
carries	O
a	O
small	O
one-time	O
cost	O
for	O
the	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
return	O
for	O
a	O
fee	O
,	O
subscription-based	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	I-Algorithm
offer	O
their	O
services	O
without	O
the	O
distraction	O
of	O
advertisements	O
or	O
promotions	O
for	O
prints	O
and	O
gifts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
may	O
also	O
have	O
other	O
enhancements	O
over	O
free	O
services	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
guarantees	O
regarding	O
the	O
online	B-Device
availability	I-Device
of	O
photos	O
,	O
more	O
storage	O
space	O
,	O
the	O
ability	O
for	O
non-account	O
holders	O
to	O
download	O
full-size	O
,	O
original	O
versions	O
of	O
photos	O
,	O
and	O
tools	O
for	O
backing	O
up	O
photos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	O
have	O
begun	O
integrating	O
video	O
sharing	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Applications	O
like	O
Tonido	B-Application
provide	O
peer-to-peer	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
an	O
always-on	O
server	O
like	O
Windows	B-Application
Home	I-Application
Server	I-Application
which	O
acts	O
as	O
an	O
intermediate	O
point	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
possible	O
to	O
share	O
images	O
peer-to-peer	O
with	O
the	O
reliability	O
and	O
security	O
of	O
a	O
central	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Images	O
are	O
securely	O
stored	O
behind	O
a	O
firewall	B-Application
on	O
the	O
Windows	B-Application
Home	I-Application
Server	I-Application
and	O
can	O
be	O
accessed	O
only	O
by	O
those	O
with	O
appropriate	O
permissions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
variation	O
on	O
the	O
peer-to-peer	O
model	O
is	O
peer-to-browser	O
,	O
whereby	O
images	O
are	O
shared	O
on	O
one	O
PC	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
local	O
(	O
on	O
the	O
host	O
computer	O
)	O
software	O
service	O
(	O
much	O
like	O
peer-to-peer	O
)	O
but	O
made	O
available	O
to	O
the	O
viewer	O
through	O
a	O
standard	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Technically	O
speaking	O
,	O
this	O
may	O
still	O
be	O
described	O
as	O
peer-to-peer	O
(	O
with	O
the	O
second	O
peer	O
being	O
a	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
)	O
but	O
it	O
is	O
characteristically	O
different	O
as	O
it	O
assumes	O
no	O
need	O
to	O
download	O
peer	O
software	O
for	O
the	O
viewer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Photos	O
are	O
accessed	O
by	O
regular	O
URLs	O
that	O
standard	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
understand	O
natively	O
without	O
any	O
further	O
software	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Peer-to-browser	O
sharing	O
has	O
(	O
similar	O
to	O
peer-to-peer	O
)	O
reduced	O
hosting	O
costs	O
,	O
no	O
loss	O
of	O
control	O
to	O
a	O
central	O
service	O
,	O
and	O
no	O
waiting	O
for	O
files	O
to	O
upload	O
to	O
the	O
central	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
universal	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
access	O
to	O
shared	O
files	O
makes	O
them	O
more	O
widely	O
accessible	O
and	O
available	O
for	O
use	O
in	O
different	O
ways	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
embedding	O
in	O
,	O
or	O
linking	O
to	O
,	O
from	O
within	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
social	O
networks	O
,	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
has	O
now	O
become	O
a	O
common	O
online	O
activity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
in	O
Great	O
Britain	O
,	O
70%	O
of	O
online	O
users	O
engaged	O
in	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
in	O
2013	O
;	O
64%	O
of	O
British	O
users	O
shared	O
their	O
photos	O
through	O
a	O
social	O
network	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
stated	O
in	O
2015	O
that	O
there	O
were	O
approximately	O
two	O
billion	O
images	O
uploaded	O
to	O
its	O
service	O
daily	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
terms	O
of	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
is	O
the	O
largest	O
social	O
networking	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
people	O
can	O
upload	O
and	O
share	O
their	O
photo	O
albums	O
individually	O
,	O
and	O
collaboratively	O
with	O
shared	O
albums	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Twitter	B-Application
collaborated	O
with	O
Photobucket	B-Algorithm
in	O
developing	O
a	O
new	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
service	I-Algorithm
so	O
users	O
can	O
attach	O
a	O
picture	O
to	O
a	O
tweet	O
without	O
depending	O
on	O
another	O
application	O
such	O
as	O
TwitPic	O
or	O
Yfrog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
June	O
2016	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
more	O
than	O
500	O
million	O
monthly	O
active	O
Instagram	B-Application
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
on	O
social	O
news	O
and	O
image	O
aggregation	O
sites	O
such	O
as	O
Reddit	B-Application
,	O
Imgur	B-Algorithm
,	O
4chan	O
,	O
Pinterest	B-Application
and	O
Tumblr	B-Application
allow	O
users	O
to	O
share	O
images	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
community	O
of	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Images	O
are	O
the	O
most	O
liked	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
aggregation	O
and	O
media	O
sharing	O
site	O
Reddit	B-Application
;	O
and	O
according	O
to	O
data	O
analyst	O
Randy	O
Olson	O
as	O
of	O
August	O
2014	O
,	O
nearly	O
2/3	O
of	O
all	O
successful	O
posts	O
on	O
the	O
site	O
were	O
links	O
to	O
an	O
image	O
hosted	O
on	O
Imgur	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
most	O
prominent	O
of	O
these	O
is	O
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
which	O
has	O
quickly	O
become	O
the	O
dominant	O
image	O
sharing-centric	O
social	O
network	O
with	O
over	O
500	O
million	O
members	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
applications	O
and	O
networks	O
offering	O
similar	O
service	O
and	O
growing	O
in	O
popularity	O
include	O
Streamzoo	B-Algorithm
,	O
Path	B-Algorithm
,	O
PicsArt	B-Application
,	O
Piictu	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Starmatic	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
Snapchat	B-Application
and	O
,	O
in	O
China	O
,	O
Nice	O
(	O
mobile	O
app	O
)	O
are	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
apps	O
with	O
millions	O
of	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
on	O
the	O
Internet	O
to	O
generate	O
digital	B-Application
photo	I-Application
albums	O
,	O
usually	O
to	O
share	O
photos	O
on	O
the	O
web	O
,	O
using	O
a	O
home	O
web	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	O
usually	O
propose	O
several	O
ways	O
to	O
classify	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
sites	O
also	O
allow	O
users	O
to	O
classify	O
images	O
using	O
tags	B-General_Concept
to	O
build	O
a	O
folksonomy	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Depending	O
on	O
the	O
restrictions	O
on	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
users	O
allowed	O
to	O
tag	B-General_Concept
a	O
single	O
document	O
and	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
tags	B-General_Concept
available	O
to	O
describe	O
the	O
document	O
,	O
one	O
speaks	O
about	O
narrow	O
and	O
broad	O
folksonomies	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
folksonomy	B-General_Concept
is	O
broad	O
when	O
there	O
is	O
no	O
restriction	O
on	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
taggers	O
and	O
available	O
tags	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
there	O
are	O
limitations	O
,	O
the	O
folksonomy	B-General_Concept
is	O
called	O
narrow	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
mechanism	O
is	O
coupling	O
taxonomy	O
and	O
folksonomy	B-General_Concept
,	O
where	O
tags	B-General_Concept
associated	O
to	O
galleries	O
and	O
artists	O
are	O
cascaded	O
to	O
the	O
galleries	O
and	O
artist	O
's	O
pictures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
use	O
of	O
Artificial	B-Application
Intelligence	I-Application
to	O
classify	O
uploaded	O
photos	O
by	O
subject	O
,	O
theme	O
,	O
or	O
location	O
is	O
a	O
prominent	O
feature	O
of	O
that	O
Canon-USA	O
launched	O
early	O
March	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Photo	O
tagging	O
is	O
the	O
process	O
that	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
tag	B-General_Concept
and	O
group	O
photos	O
of	O
an	O
individual	O
or	O
individuals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
type	O
of	O
software	O
is	O
currently	O
in	O
use	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
On	O
most	O
online	O
photo	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
sites	I-Algorithm
such	O
as	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
a	O
tag	B-General_Concept
can	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
link	O
that	O
when	O
clicked	O
will	O
take	O
you	O
to	O
the	O
person	O
's	O
profile	O
that	O
was	O
tagged	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
tags	B-General_Concept
can	O
be	O
searched	O
for	O
across	O
the	O
entire	O
Internet	O
,	O
on	O
separate	O
websites	O
or	O
in	O
private	O
data	O
bases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
crowdsourced	O
classification	O
(	O
see	O
the	O
section	O
on	O
image	O
classification	O
)	O
but	O
can	O
also	O
play	O
a	O
socio-cultural	O
role	O
in	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
establish	O
neologisms	O
,	O
Internet	O
memes	O
,	O
snowclones	O
,	O
slogans	O
,	O
catch	O
phrases	O
,	O
shared	O
vocabularies	O
and	O
categorizations	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
producing	O
comedic	O
twists	O
,	O
contexts	O
and	O
perspectives	O
of	O
the	O
presented	O
images	O
,	O
and	O
hence	O
often	O
play	O
a	O
significant	O
role	O
in	O
the	O
community	O
building	O
and	O
identity	O
formation	O
of	O
and	O
the	O
entertainment	O
in	O
online	B-Architecture
communities	I-Architecture
that	O
allow	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
broad	O
folksonomies	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
Flickr	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Panoramio	B-Algorithm
are	O
a	O
few	O
services	O
that	O
provide	O
the	O
option	O
of	O
geotagging	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flickr	B-Algorithm
has	O
over	O
40	O
million	O
geotagged	B-Algorithm
photos	I-Algorithm
uploaded	O
by	O
400	O
thousand	O
users	O
,	O
and	O
still	O
growing	O
at	O
a	O
rapid	O
pace	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
sites	O
including	O
Panoramio	B-Algorithm
and	O
Wikimedia	O
Commons	O
show	O
their	O
geocoded	B-Algorithm
photographs	I-Algorithm
on	O
a	O
map	O
,	O
helping	O
the	O
user	O
find	O
pictures	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
or	O
nearby	O
objects	O
from	O
different	O
directions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Critics	O
of	O
image/photo	O
sharing	O
are	O
concerned	O
with	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
applications	O
such	O
as	O
Instagram	B-Application
,	O
because	O
they	O
believe	O
that	O
the	O
behaviors	O
portrayed	O
on	O
these	O
sites	O
could	O
potentially	O
be	O
linked	O
to	O
the	O
narcissism	O
trait	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Buffardi	O
and	O
Campbell	O
(	O
2008	O
)	O
also	O
alleged	O
that	O
Instagram	B-Application
offers	O
"	O
a	O
gateway	O
for	O
self-promotion	O
via	O
self-descriptions	O
,	O
vanity	O
via	O
photos	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
shallow	O
relationships.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
privacy	O
policy	O
,	O
Facebook	B-Application
states	O
that	O
any	O
information	O
posted	O
using	O
its	O
service	O
,	O
including	O
images	O
,	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
display	O
relevant	O
ads	O
to	O
its	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Facebook	B-Application
utilizes	O
automatic	O
facial	O
recognition	O
software	O
that	O
can	O
automatically	O
recognize	O
the	O
face	O
of	O
another	O
Facebook	B-Application
user	O
in	O
new	O
photos	O
,	O
and	O
suggest	O
that	O
the	O
user	O
be	O
tagged	O
in	O
the	O
photo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Ghent	O
University	O
study	O
found	O
that	O
employers	O
commonly	O
search	O
for	O
prospective	O
employees	O
on	O
Facebook	B-Application
,	O
and	O
may	O
decide	O
whether	O
or	O
not	O
to	O
grant	O
an	O
interview	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
person	O
's	O
profile	O
picture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
increasing	O
ease	O
of	O
use	O
has	O
encouraged	O
image	B-Algorithm
sharing	I-Algorithm
in	O
insurance	O
,	O
including	O
crop	O
insurance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
insurance	O
company	O
and	O
farmer	B-Protocol
have	O
a	O
shared	O
interest	O
in	O
the	O
current	O
state	O
of	O
a	O
field	O
.	O
</s>
