<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
,	O
invoked	O
from	O
the	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
as	O
magick	B-Language
,	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
cross-platform	B-Operating_System
software	I-Operating_System
suite	O
for	O
displaying	O
,	O
creating	O
,	O
converting	O
,	O
modifying	O
,	O
and	O
editing	B-Application
raster	B-Algorithm
images	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
was	O
created	O
by	O
John	O
Cristy	O
in	O
1987	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
read	O
and	O
write	O
over	O
200	O
image	O
file	O
formats	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
was	O
created	O
in	O
1987	O
by	O
John	O
Cristy	O
when	O
working	O
at	O
DuPont	O
,	O
to	O
convert	O
24-bit	O
images	O
(	O
16	O
million	O
colors	O
)	O
to	O
8-bit	O
images	O
(	O
256	O
colors	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
they	O
could	O
be	O
displayed	O
on	O
most	O
screens	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
freely	O
released	O
in	O
1990	O
when	O
DuPont	O
agreed	O
to	O
transfer	O
copyright	O
to	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
Studio	O
LLC	O
,	O
still	O
currently	O
the	O
project	O
maintainer	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2016	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
had	O
a	O
vulnerability	O
through	O
which	O
an	O
attacker	O
can	O
execute	O
arbitrary	O
code	O
on	O
servers	O
that	O
use	O
the	O
application	O
to	O
edit	O
user-uploaded	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
security	O
flaw	O
was	O
due	O
to	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
calling	O
backend	O
tools	O
without	O
first	O
properly	O
checking	O
to	O
ensure	O
path	O
and	O
file	O
names	O
are	O
free	O
of	O
improper	O
shell	O
commands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
vulnerability	O
did	O
not	O
affect	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
distributions	O
that	O
included	O
a	O
properly	O
configured	O
security	O
policy	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
mainly	O
consists	O
of	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
command-line	B-Application
interface	I-Application
utilities	O
for	O
manipulating	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
does	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
robust	O
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interface	I-Application
to	O
edit	O
images	O
as	O
do	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Photoshop	I-Operating_System
and	O
GIMP	B-Application
,	O
but	O
does	O
include	O
–	O
for	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
–	O
a	O
basic	O
native	O
X	B-Operating_System
Window	I-Operating_System
GUI	B-Application
(	O
called	O
IMDisplay	O
)	O
for	O
rendering	O
and	O
manipulating	O
images	O
and	O
API	B-Application
libraries	O
for	O
many	O
programming	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
programs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Drupal	B-Application
,	O
MediaWiki	B-Application
,	O
phpBB	B-Application
,	O
and	O
vBulletin	B-Protocol
,	O
can	O
use	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
to	O
create	O
image	O
thumbnails	O
if	O
installed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
is	O
also	O
used	O
by	O
other	O
programs	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
LyX	B-Language
,	O
for	O
converting	O
images	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
has	O
a	O
fully	O
integrated	O
Perl	B-Language
binding	B-Application
called	O
PerlMagick	B-Language
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
many	O
others	O
:	O
G2F	O
(	O
Ada	O
)	O
,	O
MagickCore	O
(	O
C	B-Language
)	O
,	O
MagickWand	O
(	O
C	B-Language
)	O
,	O
ChMagick	O
(	O
Ch	O
)	O
,	O
ImageMagickObject	O
(	O
COM+	O
)	O
,	O
Magick++	O
(	O
C++	O
)	O
,	O
JMagick	B-Language
(	O
Java	O
)	O
,	O
L-Magick	O
(	O
Lisp	O
)	O
,	O
NMagick	O
(	O
Neko/Haxe	O
)	O
,	O
MagickNet	O
(	O
.NET	O
)	O
,	O
PascalMagick	O
(	O
Pascal	O
)	O
,	O
MagickWand	O
for	O
PHP	O
(	O
PHP	O
)	O
,	O
IMagick	B-Language
(	O
PHP	O
)	O
,	O
PythonMagick	B-Language
(	O
Python	O
)	O
,	O
RMagick	O
(	O
Ruby	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
TclMagick	O
(	O
Tcl/TK	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
basic	O
and	O
thoroughly-implemented	O
features	O
of	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
is	O
its	O
ability	O
to	O
efficiently	O
and	O
accurately	O
convert	O
images	O
between	O
different	O
file	O
formats	O
(	O
it	O
uses	O
the	O
command	O
convert	O
to	O
achieve	O
this	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
related	O
capability	O
is	O
the	O
posterization	B-Algorithm
artistic	O
effect	O
,	O
which	O
also	O
reduces	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
colors	O
represented	O
in	O
an	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
difference	O
between	O
this	O
and	O
standard	O
color	O
quantization	O
is	O
that	O
while	O
in	O
standard	O
quantization	O
the	O
final	O
palette	O
is	O
selected	O
based	O
upon	O
a	O
weighting	O
of	O
the	O
prominence	O
of	O
existing	O
colors	O
in	O
the	O
image	O
,	O
posterization	B-Algorithm
creates	O
a	O
palette	O
of	O
colors	O
smoothly	O
distributed	O
across	O
the	O
spectrum	O
represented	O
in	O
the	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
support	O
for	O
liquid	B-Algorithm
rescaling	I-Algorithm
was	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
includes	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
filters	O
and	O
features	O
intended	O
to	O
create	O
artistic	O
effects	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
can	O
use	O
OpenCL	B-Application
to	O
use	O
an	O
accelerated	O
graphics	O
card	O
(	O
GPU	B-Architecture
)	O
for	O
processing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Below	O
are	O
some	O
other	O
features	O
of	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
:	O
</s>
<s>
Format	B-General_Concept
conversion	I-General_Concept
:	O
convert	O
an	O
image	O
from	O
one	O
format	O
to	O
another	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
(	O
Applies	O
these	O
without	O
generation	B-General_Concept
loss	I-General_Concept
on	O
JPEG	O
files	O
,	O
where	O
possible	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
Discrete	B-Algorithm
Fourier	I-Algorithm
transform	I-Algorithm
:	O
implements	O
forward	O
and	O
inverse	O
DFT	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Threads	O
of	O
execution	O
support	O
:	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
is	O
thread	B-Operating_System
safe	I-Operating_System
and	O
most	O
internal	O
algorithms	O
execute	O
in	O
parallel	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
speed-ups	O
offered	O
by	O
multi-core	B-Architecture
processor	I-Architecture
chips	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heterogeneous	O
distributed	O
processing	O
:	O
certain	O
algorithms	O
are	O
OpenCL-enabled	O
to	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
speed-ups	O
offered	O
by	O
executing	O
in	O
concert	O
across	O
heterogeneous	O
platforms	O
consisting	O
of	O
CPUs	O
,	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
other	O
processors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
on	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
:	O
convert	O
,	O
edit	O
,	O
or	O
compose	O
images	O
on	O
an	O
iOS	B-Application
computing	O
device	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
iPhone	B-Device
or	O
iPad	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
ImageMagick	B-Language
is	O
cross-platform	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
runs	O
on	O
Microsoft	B-Application
Windows	I-Application
and	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
including	O
Linux	B-Application
,	O
macOS	B-Application
,	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
Solaris	B-Application
,	O
Haiku	B-Language
and	O
FreeBSD	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
's	O
source	O
code	O
can	O
be	O
compiled	O
for	O
other	O
systems	O
,	O
including	O
AmigaOS	B-Application
4.0	I-Application
and	O
MorphOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
been	O
run	O
under	O
IRIX	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
GraphicsMagick	B-Application
is	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
of	O
ImageMagick	B-Language
5.5.2	O
made	O
in	O
2002	O
,	O
emphasizing	O
the	O
cross-release	O
stability	O
of	O
the	O
programming	O
API	B-Application
and	O
command-line	B-Application
options	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GraphicsMagick	B-Application
emerged	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
of	O
irreconcilable	O
differences	O
in	O
the	O
developers	O
 '	O
group	O
.	O
</s>
