<s>
Image-based	B-Algorithm
meshing	I-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
automated	O
process	O
of	O
creating	O
computer	O
models	O
for	O
computational	O
fluid	O
dynamics	O
(	O
CFD	O
)	O
and	O
finite	B-Application
element	I-Application
analysis	I-Application
(	O
FEA	O
)	O
from	O
3D	O
image	O
data	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
magnetic	O
resonance	O
imaging	O
(	O
MRI	O
)	O
,	O
computed	O
tomography	O
(	O
CT	O
)	O
or	O
microtomography	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
mesh	O
generation	O
techniques	O
are	O
currently	O
available	O
,	O
these	O
were	O
usually	O
developed	O
to	O
generate	O
models	O
from	O
computer-aided	B-Application
design	I-Application
(	O
CAD	B-Application
)	O
,	O
and	O
therefore	O
have	O
difficulties	O
meshing	O
from	O
3D	O
imaging	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
majority	O
of	O
approaches	O
used	O
to	O
date	O
still	O
follow	O
the	O
traditional	O
CAD	B-Application
route	O
by	O
using	O
an	O
intermediary	O
step	O
of	O
surface	O
reconstruction	O
which	O
is	O
then	O
followed	O
by	O
a	O
traditional	O
CAD-based	O
meshing	O
algorithm	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CAD-based	O
approaches	O
use	O
the	O
scan	O
data	O
to	O
define	O
the	O
surface	O
of	O
the	O
domain	O
and	O
then	O
create	O
elements	O
within	O
this	O
defined	O
boundary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
extensive	O
range	O
of	O
image	B-Algorithm
processing	I-Algorithm
tools	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
generate	O
highly	O
accurate	O
models	O
based	O
on	O
data	O
from	O
3D	O
imaging	O
modalities	O
,	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Segmentation	B-Algorithm
tools	I-Algorithm
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
Filters	B-Application
and	I-Application
smoothing	I-Application
tools	I-Application
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
volume	O
-	O
and	O
topology-preserving	O
smoothing	B-Application
and	O
noise	O
reduction/artefact	O
removing	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
image-based	B-Algorithm
meshing	I-Algorithm
technique	O
allows	O
the	O
straightforward	O
generation	O
of	O
meshes	O
out	O
of	O
segmented	O
3D	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Smoothing	B-Application
of	O
meshes	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
