<s>
Illumos	B-Application
(	O
stylized	O
as	O
illumos	B-Application
)	O
is	O
a	O
partly	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
Unix	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
System	O
V	O
Release	O
4	O
(	O
SVR4	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
Berkeley	B-Operating_System
Software	I-Operating_System
Distribution	I-Operating_System
(	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Illumos	B-Application
comprises	O
a	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
device	B-Application
drivers	I-Application
,	O
system	B-Library
libraries	I-Library
,	O
and	O
utility	B-Application
software	I-Application
for	O
system	B-Application
administration	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
core	O
is	O
now	O
the	O
base	O
for	O
many	O
different	O
open-sourced	O
illumos	B-Application
distributions	O
,	O
in	O
a	O
similar	O
way	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
is	O
used	O
in	O
different	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
maintainers	O
write	O
illumos	B-Application
in	O
lowercase	O
since	O
some	O
computer	O
fonts	O
do	O
not	O
clearly	O
distinguish	O
a	O
lowercase	O
L	O
from	O
an	O
uppercase	O
i	O
:	O
Il	O
(	O
see	O
homoglyph	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
name	O
is	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
words	O
illuminare	O
from	O
Latin	O
for	O
to	O
light	O
and	O
OS	O
for	O
Operating	B-General_Concept
System	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Illumos	B-Application
was	O
announced	O
via	O
webinar	B-Protocol
on	O
Thursday	O
,	O
3	O
August	O
2010	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
community	O
effort	O
of	O
some	O
core	O
Solaris	B-Application
engineers	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
truly	O
open	B-Application
source	I-Application
Solaris	B-Application
by	O
swapping	O
closed	O
source	O
bits	O
of	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
with	O
open	O
implementations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	O
plan	O
explicitly	O
stated	O
that	O
illumos	B-Application
would	O
not	O
be	O
a	O
distribution	O
or	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
after	O
Oracle	B-Application
announced	O
discontinuing	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
,	O
plans	O
were	O
made	O
to	O
fork	B-Application
the	O
final	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
Solaris	B-Application
ON	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
allowing	O
illumos	B-Application
to	O
evolve	O
into	O
a	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
of	O
its	O
own	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
efforts	O
focused	O
on	O
libc	O
,	O
the	O
NFS	O
lock	O
manager	O
,	O
the	O
crypto	O
module	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
device	B-Application
drivers	I-Application
to	O
create	O
a	O
Solaris-like	O
OS	O
with	O
no	O
closed	O
,	O
proprietary	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
development	O
emphasis	O
includes	O
transitioning	O
from	O
the	O
historical	O
compiler	O
,	O
Studio	B-Application
,	O
to	O
GCC	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
"	O
userland	O
"	O
software	O
is	O
now	O
built	O
with	O
GNU	B-Application
make	I-Application
and	O
contains	O
many	O
GNU	O
utilities	O
such	O
as	O
GNU	B-Application
tar	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Illumos	B-Application
is	O
lightly	O
led	O
by	O
founder	O
Garrett	O
D'Amore	O
and	O
other	O
community	O
members/developers	O
such	O
as	O
Bryan	O
Cantrill	O
and	O
Adam	O
Leventhal	O
,	O
via	O
a	O
Developers	O
 '	O
Council	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Illumos	B-Application
Foundation	O
has	O
been	O
incorporated	O
in	O
the	O
State	O
of	O
California	O
as	O
a	O
501(c )	O
6	O
trade	O
association	O
,	O
with	O
founding	O
board	O
members	O
Jason	O
Hoffman	O
(	O
formerly	O
at	O
Joyent	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
Evan	O
Powell	O
(	O
Nexenta	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Garrett	O
D'Amore	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
OpenStorage	O
Summit	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
logo	O
for	O
illumos	B-Application
was	O
revealed	O
,	O
with	O
official	O
type	O
and	O
branding	O
to	O
follow	O
over	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
primary	O
development	O
project	O
,	O
illumos-gate	O
,	O
derives	O
from	O
OS/Net	B-Operating_System
(	O
aka	O
ON	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
Solaris	B-Application
kernel	I-Application
with	O
the	O
bulk	O
of	O
the	O
drivers	O
,	O
core	O
libraries	B-Library
,	O
and	O
basic	O
utilities	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
what	O
is	O
delivered	O
by	O
a	O
BSD	B-Operating_System
"	O
src	O
"	O
tree	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
originally	O
dependent	O
on	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
OS/Net	B-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
was	O
made	O
after	O
Oracle	B-Application
silently	O
decided	O
to	O
close	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Solaris	B-Application
and	O
unofficially	O
killed	O
the	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ZFS	B-Application
,	O
a	O
combined	O
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
and	O
logical	O
volume	O
manager	O
providing	O
a	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
data	O
integrity	O
for	O
very	O
large	O
storage	O
capacities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Solaris	B-Application
Containers	B-Application
(	O
or	O
Zones	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
low	O
overhead	O
implementation	O
of	O
operating-system-level	B-Application
virtualization	I-Application
technology	O
for	O
x86	O
and	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DTrace	B-Application
,	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
dynamic	O
tracing	O
framework	O
for	O
troubleshooting	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
and	O
application	O
problems	O
on	O
production	O
systems	O
in	O
real	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kernel-based	B-Application
Virtual	I-Application
Machine	I-Application
(	O
KVM	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
infrastructure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
KVM	O
supports	O
native	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
on	O
processors	O
with	O
hardware	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
extensions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenSolaris	B-Protocol
Network	I-Protocol
Virtualization	I-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
Resource	I-Protocol
Control	I-Protocol
(	O
or	O
Crossbow	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
features	O
that	O
provides	O
an	O
internal	O
network	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
and	O
quality	O
of	O
service	O
including	O
:	O
virtual	O
NIC	O
(	O
VNIC	O
)	O
pseudo-network	O
interface	O
technology	O
,	O
exclusive	O
ip	O
zones	O
,	O
bandwidth	O
management	O
,	O
and	O
flow	O
control	O
on	O
a	O
per	O
interface	O
and	O
per	O
VNIC	O
basis	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DilOS	O
,	O
with	O
Debian	O
package	O
manager	O
(	O
dpkg	B-Language
+	O
apt	B-Application
)	O
and	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
support	O
,	O
available	O
for	O
x86-64	B-Device
and	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
NexentaStor	O
,	O
distribution	O
optimized	O
for	O
virtualization	B-General_Concept
,	O
storage	O
area	O
networks	O
,	O
network-attached	B-Application
storage	I-Application
,	O
and	O
iSCSI	B-Protocol
or	O
Fibre	B-Architecture
Channel	I-Architecture
applications	O
employing	O
the	O
ZFS	B-Application
file	B-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenIndiana	B-Application
,	O
a	O
distribution	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
continuation	O
and	O
fork	B-Application
in	O
the	O
spirit	O
of	O
the	O
OpenSolaris	B-Operating_System
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
SmartOS	O
,	O
a	O
distribution	O
for	O
cloud	O
computing	O
with	O
Kernel-based	B-Application
Virtual	I-Application
Machine	I-Application
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tribblix	O
,	O
retro	O
style	O
distribution	O
with	O
modern	O
components	O
,	O
available	O
for	O
x86-64	B-Device
and	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
v9os	O
,	O
a	O
server-only	O
,	O
IPS-based	O
minimal	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dyson	O
,	O
derived	O
from	O
Debian	O
using	O
libc	O
,	O
and	O
SMF	B-Operating_System
init	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenSXCE	O
,	O
distribution	O
for	O
developers	O
and	O
system	B-Application
administrators	I-Application
for	O
IA-32/x86	O
-64	O
x86	O
platforms	O
and	O
SPARC	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
