<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
line	O
of	O
smartphones	B-Application
produced	O
by	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
which	O
uses	O
Apple	O
's	O
own	O
iOS	B-Application
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
announced	O
by	O
then-Apple	O
CEO	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
on	O
January	O
9	O
,	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
Apple	O
has	O
annually	O
released	O
new	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
and	O
iOS	B-Application
updates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
November	O
1	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
2.2billion	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
had	O
been	O
sold	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2022	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
accounts	O
for	O
15.6	O
%	O
of	O
global	O
smartphone	B-Application
market	O
share	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
the	O
first	O
mobile	O
phone	O
with	O
multi-touch	B-Application
technology	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
launch	O
,	O
it	O
gained	O
larger	O
screen	O
sizes	O
,	O
video-recording	O
,	O
waterproofing	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
accessibility	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Up	O
to	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
8	I-Operating_System
and	O
8	O
Plus	O
,	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
had	O
a	O
single	O
button	O
on	O
the	O
front	O
panel	O
with	O
the	O
Touch	O
ID	O
fingerprint	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
,	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
have	O
switched	O
to	O
a	O
nearly	O
bezel-less	O
front	O
screen	O
design	O
with	O
Face	O
ID	O
facial	O
recognition	O
,	O
and	O
app	O
switching	O
activated	O
by	O
gestures	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Touch	O
ID	O
is	O
still	O
used	O
for	O
the	O
budget	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
SE	I-Operating_System
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
is	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
largest	O
smartphone	B-Application
platforms	B-Device
in	O
the	O
world	O
alongside	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
large	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
luxury	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
generated	O
large	O
profits	O
for	O
Apple	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
most	O
valuable	O
publicly	O
traded	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
revolution	O
"	O
for	O
the	O
mobile	O
phone	O
industry	O
and	O
subsequent	O
models	O
have	O
also	O
garnered	O
praise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
been	O
credited	O
with	O
popularizing	O
the	O
smartphone	B-Application
and	O
slate	O
form	O
factor	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
creating	O
a	O
large	O
market	O
for	O
smartphone	B-Application
apps	O
,	O
or	O
"	O
app	B-Application
economy	I-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
Apple	B-Application
's	I-Application
App	I-Application
Store	I-Application
contained	O
more	O
than	O
2.2million	O
applications	O
for	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
of	O
an	O
Apple	O
smartphone	B-Application
began	O
in	O
2004	O
,	O
when	O
Apple	O
started	O
to	O
gather	O
a	O
team	O
of	O
1,000	O
employees	O
led	O
by	O
hardware	B-Architecture
engineer	O
Tony	O
Fadell	O
,	O
software	O
engineer	O
Scott	O
Forstall	O
,	O
and	O
design	O
officer	O
Jony	O
Ive	O
,	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
highly	O
confidential	O
"	O
Project	O
Purple	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Then-Apple	O
CEO	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
steered	O
the	O
original	O
focus	O
away	O
from	O
a	O
tablet	O
(	O
which	O
was	O
later	O
revisited	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
the	O
iPad	B-Device
)	O
towards	O
a	O
phone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Jobs	O
in	O
1998	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
i	O
"	O
word	O
in	O
"	O
iMac	O
"	O
(	O
and	O
therefore	O
"	O
iPod	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
"	O
and	O
"	O
iPad	B-Device
"	O
)	O
stands	O
for	O
internet	O
,	O
individual	O
,	O
instruct	O
,	O
inform	O
,	O
and	O
inspire	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
rejected	O
the	O
"	O
design	O
by	O
committee	O
"	O
approach	O
that	O
had	O
yielded	O
the	O
Motorola	O
ROKR	O
E1	O
,	O
a	O
largely	O
unsuccessful	O
"	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
phone	O
"	O
made	O
in	O
collaboration	O
with	O
Motorola	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Among	O
other	O
deficiencies	O
,	O
the	O
ROKR	O
E1	O
's	O
firmware	O
limited	O
storage	O
to	O
only	O
100	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
songs	O
to	O
avoid	O
competing	O
with	O
Apple	O
's	O
iPod	B-Device
nano	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Cingular	O
gave	O
Apple	O
the	O
liberty	O
to	O
develop	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
hardware	B-Architecture
and	O
software	O
in-house	O
,	O
a	O
rare	O
practice	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
paid	O
Apple	O
a	O
fraction	O
of	O
its	O
monthly	O
service	O
revenue	O
(	O
until	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3G	B-Architecture
)	O
,	O
in	O
exchange	O
for	O
four	O
years	O
of	O
exclusive	O
U.S.	O
sales	O
,	O
until	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jobs	O
unveiled	O
the	O
first-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
to	O
the	O
public	O
on	O
January	O
9	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
at	O
the	O
Macworld	O
2007	O
convention	O
at	O
the	O
Moscone	O
Center	O
in	O
San	O
Francisco	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
incorporated	O
a	O
3.5-inch	O
multi-touch	B-Application
display	O
with	O
few	O
hardware	B-Architecture
buttons	O
,	O
and	O
ran	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
OS	O
operating	O
system	O
with	O
a	O
touch-friendly	O
interface	O
,	O
then	O
marketed	O
as	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Mac	B-Application
OS	I-Application
X	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
11	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
at	O
Apple	O
's	O
Worldwide	O
Developers	O
Conference	O
(	O
WWDC	O
)	O
2008	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3G	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
expanded	O
its	O
launch-day	O
availability	O
to	O
twenty-two	O
countries	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
eventually	O
released	O
in	O
70	O
countries	O
and	O
territories	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3G	B-Architecture
introduced	O
faster	O
3G	B-Architecture
connectivity	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
lower	O
starting	O
price	O
of	O
US$199	O
(	O
with	O
a	O
two-year	O
AT&T	O
contract	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
successor	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3GS	B-Architecture
,	O
was	O
announced	O
on	O
June	O
8	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
at	O
WWDC	O
2009	O
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
video	O
recording	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
was	O
announced	O
on	O
June	O
7	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
at	O
WWDC	O
2010	O
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
a	O
redesigned	O
body	O
incorporating	O
a	O
stainless	O
steel	O
frame	O
and	O
a	O
rear	O
glass	O
panel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
release	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
was	O
marketed	O
as	O
the	O
"	O
world	O
's	O
thinnest	O
smartphone	B-Application
"	O
;	O
it	O
uses	O
the	O
Apple	O
A4	O
processor	O
,	O
being	O
the	O
first	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
to	O
use	O
an	O
Apple	O
custom-designed	O
chip	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
introduced	O
the	O
Retina	B-Operating_System
display	I-Operating_System
,	O
having	O
four-times	O
the	O
display	B-General_Concept
resolution	I-General_Concept
of	O
preceding	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
highest-resolution	O
smartphone	B-Application
screen	O
at	O
release	O
;	O
a	O
front-facing	O
camera	O
was	O
also	O
introduced	O
,	O
enabling	O
video	O
calling	O
functionality	O
via	O
FaceTime	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
reported	O
dropped/disconnected	O
telephone	O
calls	O
when	O
holding	O
their	O
phones	O
in	O
a	O
certain	O
way	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
issue	O
was	O
nicknamed	O
"	O
antennagate	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
as	O
Apple	O
's	O
exclusivity	O
agreement	O
with	O
AT&T	O
was	O
expiring	O
,	O
Verizon	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
they	O
would	O
be	O
carrying	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
model	O
compatible	O
with	O
Verizon	B-Application
's	O
CDMA	O
network	O
releasing	O
on	O
February	O
10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4S	O
was	O
announced	O
on	O
October	O
4	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
the	O
Siri	B-Application
virtual	B-Protocol
assistant	I-Protocol
,	O
a	O
dual-core	O
A5	O
processor	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
8	O
megapixel	O
camera	O
with	O
1080p	O
video	O
recording	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5	O
was	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
12	O
,	O
2012	O
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
a	O
larger	O
4-inch	O
screen	O
,	O
up	O
from	O
the	O
3.5-inch	O
screen	O
of	O
all	O
previous	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
faster	O
4G	O
LTE	O
connectivity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
introduced	O
a	O
thinner	O
and	O
lighter	O
body	O
made	O
of	O
aluminum	O
alloy	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
30-pin	O
dock	O
connector	O
of	O
previous	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
was	O
replaced	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
,	O
reversible	O
Lightning	B-Architecture
connector	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5S	B-Operating_System
and	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
5C	I-Operating_System
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
10	O
,	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5S	B-Operating_System
included	O
a	O
64-bit	B-Device
A7	O
processor	O
,	O
becoming	O
the	O
first	O
ever	O
64-bit	B-Device
smartphone	B-Application
;	O
it	O
also	O
introduced	O
the	O
Touch	O
ID	O
fingerprint	O
authentication	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5C	O
was	O
a	O
lower-cost	O
device	O
that	O
incorporated	O
hardware	B-Architecture
from	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5	O
,	O
into	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
colorful	O
plastic	O
frames	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
2014	O
,	O
Apple	O
introduced	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
6	O
and	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
6	I-Operating_System
Plus	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
included	O
significantly	O
larger	O
screens	O
than	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5S	B-Operating_System
,	O
at	O
4.7-inch	O
and	O
5.5-inch	O
respectively	O
;	O
both	O
models	O
also	O
introduced	O
mobile	O
payment	O
technology	O
via	O
Apple	B-Application
Pay	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apple	B-Device
Watch	I-Device
was	O
also	O
introduced	O
on	O
the	O
same	O
day	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
a	O
smartwatch	B-Application
that	O
operates	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
a	O
connected	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
users	O
experienced	O
bending	O
issues	O
from	O
normal	O
use	O
with	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
6	O
and	O
6	O
Plus	O
,	O
particularly	O
on	O
the	O
latter	O
model	O
,	O
and	O
this	O
issue	O
was	O
nicknamed	O
"	O
bendgate	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
6S	O
and	O
6S	O
Plus	O
were	O
introduced	O
on	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
2015	O
,	O
and	O
included	O
a	O
more	O
bend-resistant	O
frame	O
made	O
of	O
a	O
stronger	O
aluminum	O
alloy	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
higher	O
resolution	O
12-megapixel	O
main	O
camera	O
capable	O
of	O
4K	B-Architecture
video	I-Architecture
recording	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
SE	I-Operating_System
was	O
introduced	O
on	O
March	O
21	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
low-cost	O
device	O
that	O
incorporated	O
newer	O
hardware	B-Architecture
from	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
6S	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
frame	O
of	O
the	O
older	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
5S	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
7	O
and	O
7	O
Plus	O
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
7	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
which	O
introduced	O
larger	O
camera	O
sensors	O
,	O
IP67-certified	O
water	O
and	O
dust	O
resistance	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
quad-core	O
A10	O
Fusion	O
processor	O
utilizing	O
big.LITTLE	B-Architecture
technology	O
;	O
the	O
3.5mm	O
headphone	B-Device
jack	I-Device
was	O
removed	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
followed	O
by	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
the	O
AirPods	B-Operating_System
wireless	O
earbuds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
8	O
,	O
8	O
Plus	O
,	O
and	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
X	I-Operating_System
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
12	O
,	O
2017	O
,	O
in	O
Apple	O
's	O
first	O
event	O
held	O
at	O
the	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
Theater	O
in	O
Apple	O
Park	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
models	O
featured	O
rear	O
glass	O
panel	O
designs	O
akin	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
,	O
wireless	B-Application
charging	I-Application
,	O
and	O
a	O
hexa-core	O
A11	B-Device
Bionic	I-Device
chip	O
with	O
"	O
Neural	O
Engine	O
"	O
AI	B-General_Concept
accelerator	I-General_Concept
hardware	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
X	O
additionally	O
introduced	O
a	O
5.8-inch	O
OLED	B-Device
"	O
Super	B-Operating_System
Retina	I-Operating_System
"	O
display	O
with	O
a	O
"	O
bezel-less	O
"	O
design	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
higher	O
pixel	B-Algorithm
density	I-Algorithm
and	O
contrast	O
ratio	O
than	O
previous	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
with	O
LCD	O
displays	O
,	O
and	O
introduced	O
a	O
stronger	O
frame	O
made	O
of	O
stainless	O
steel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
introduced	O
Face	O
ID	O
facial	O
recognition	O
authentication	O
hardware	B-Architecture
,	O
in	O
a	O
"	O
notch	O
"	O
screen	O
cutout	O
,	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
Touch	O
ID	O
;	O
the	O
home	O
button	O
was	O
removed	O
to	O
make	O
room	O
for	O
additional	O
screen	O
space	O
,	O
replacing	O
it	O
with	O
a	O
gesture-based	O
navigation	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
its	O
US$999	O
starting	O
price	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
X	O
was	O
the	O
most	O
expensive	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
at	O
launch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
XR	O
,	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
XS	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
XS	B-Operating_System
Max	I-Operating_System
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
12	O
,	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XS	B-Operating_System
Max	I-Operating_System
introduced	O
a	O
larger	O
6.5-inch	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
XR	O
included	O
a	O
6.1-inch	O
LCD	O
"	O
Liquid	B-Operating_System
Retina	I-Operating_System
"	O
display	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
"	O
bezel-less	O
"	O
design	O
similar	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
X	O
,	O
but	O
does	O
not	O
include	O
a	O
second	O
telephoto	O
lens	O
;	O
it	O
was	O
made	O
available	O
in	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
vibrant	O
colors	O
,	O
akin	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5C	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
lower-cost	O
device	O
compared	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
X	O
and	O
XS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
11	O
,	O
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
10	O
,	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
11	O
was	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
XR	O
,	O
while	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
and	O
11	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
succeeded	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
XS	O
and	O
XS	B-Operating_System
Max	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
SE	I-Operating_System
was	O
introduced	O
on	O
April	O
17	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
a	O
low-cost	O
device	O
that	O
incorporated	O
newer	O
hardware	B-Architecture
from	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
11	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
frame	O
of	O
the	O
older	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
8	I-Operating_System
,	O
while	O
retaining	O
the	O
home	O
button	O
and	O
the	O
Touch	O
ID	O
sensor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
12	O
,	O
12	O
Mini	O
,	O
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
were	O
announced	O
via	O
a	O
livestream	O
event	O
on	O
October	O
13	O
,	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
models	O
featured	O
OLED	B-Device
"	O
Super	B-Operating_System
Retina	I-Operating_System
XDR	O
"	O
displays	O
,	O
introduced	O
faster	O
5G	O
connectivity	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
MagSafe	B-Application
magnetic	O
charging	O
and	O
accessory	O
system	O
;	O
a	O
slimmer	O
flat-edged	O
design	O
was	O
also	O
introduced	O
,	O
which	O
combined	O
with	O
stronger	O
glass-ceramic	O
front	O
glass	O
,	O
added	O
better	O
drop	O
protection	O
compared	O
to	O
previous	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
12	O
Mini	O
introduced	O
a	O
smaller	O
5.4-inch	O
screen	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
and	O
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
had	O
larger	O
screens	O
of	O
6.1-inch	O
and	O
6.7-inch	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
and	O
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
additionally	O
added	O
a	O
Lidar	O
sensor	O
for	O
better	O
accuracy	O
in	O
augumented	B-General_Concept
reality	I-General_Concept
(	O
AR	O
)	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
13	O
,	O
13	O
Mini	O
,	O
13	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
13	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
were	O
announced	O
via	O
a	O
livestream	O
event	O
on	O
September	O
14	O
,	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
13	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
and	O
13	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
additionally	O
introduced	O
smoother	O
adaptive	O
120Hz	O
refresh	O
rate	O
"	O
ProMotion	O
"	O
technology	O
in	O
its	O
OLED	B-Device
display	I-Device
,	O
and	O
three-times	O
optical	O
zoom	O
in	O
the	O
telephoto	O
lens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
low-cost	O
third-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
SE	I-Operating_System
was	O
introduced	O
on	O
March	O
8	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
and	O
incorporated	O
the	O
A15	B-Device
Bionic	I-Device
chip	O
from	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
13	O
,	O
but	O
otherwise	O
retained	O
similar	O
hardware	B-Architecture
to	O
the	O
second-generation	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
SE	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
14	O
,	O
14	O
Plus	O
,	O
14	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
14	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
were	O
announced	O
on	O
September	O
7	O
,	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
14	O
Plus	O
introduced	O
the	O
large	O
6.7-inch	O
screen	O
size	O
,	O
first	O
seen	O
on	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
12	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
,	O
into	O
a	O
lower-cost	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
14	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
and	O
14	B-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
Max	O
additionally	O
introduced	O
a	O
higher-resolution	O
48-megapixel	O
main	O
camera	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
increase	O
in	O
megapixel	O
count	O
since	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
6S	O
;	O
it	O
also	O
introduced	O
always-on	B-Application
display	I-Application
technology	O
to	O
the	O
lock	O
screen	O
,	O
and	O
an	O
interactive	O
status	O
bar	O
interface	O
integrated	O
in	O
a	O
redesigned	O
screen	O
cutout	O
,	O
entitled	O
"	O
Dynamic	O
Island	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Up	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
,	O
all	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
and	O
other	O
devices	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
iPod	B-Device
Touch	I-Device
models	O
and	O
iPads	B-Device
,	O
were	O
manufactured	O
by	O
Foxconn	O
,	O
based	O
in	O
Taiwan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4S	O
in	O
2012	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
model	O
to	O
be	O
manufactured	O
simultaneously	O
by	O
two	O
stand-alone	O
companies	O
:	O
Foxconn	O
and	O
Pegatron	O
,	O
the	O
latter	O
also	O
based	O
in	O
Taiwan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
Foxconn	O
still	O
produces	O
more	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
,	O
Pegatron	O
's	O
orders	O
have	O
been	O
slowly	O
increased	O
:	O
the	O
company	O
made	O
part	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5C	O
line	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
and	O
30%	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
6	I-Operating_System
devices	O
in	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2019	O
,	O
Apple	O
investigated	O
reports	O
that	O
some	O
Foxconn	O
managers	O
had	O
used	O
rejected	O
parts	O
to	O
build	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
India	O
,	O
Apple	B-Application
pays	I-Application
Wistron	O
,	O
a	O
Taiwan-based	O
manufacturer	O
with	O
a	O
plant	O
near	O
Bangalore	O
,	O
to	O
assemble	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
to	O
sell	O
in	O
the	O
region	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2022	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
that	O
a	O
portion	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
14	I-Operating_System
would	O
be	O
manufactured	O
in	O
Tamil	O
Nadu	O
,	O
India	O
,	O
as	O
a	O
response	O
to	O
China	O
's	O
"	O
zero-COVID	O
"	O
policy	O
that	O
has	O
negatively	O
affected	O
global	O
supply	O
chains	O
for	O
many	O
industries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
has	O
stated	O
that	O
they	O
plan	O
to	O
shift	O
25%	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
production	O
to	O
India	O
by	O
2025	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
38	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
have	O
been	O
produced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
directly	O
sub-contracts	O
hardware	B-Architecture
production	O
to	O
external	O
OEM	O
companies	O
,	O
maintaining	O
a	O
high	O
degree	O
of	O
control	O
over	O
the	O
end	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
contains	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
hardware	B-Architecture
parts	O
of	O
a	O
typical	O
modern	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
hardware	B-Architecture
elements	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
3D	B-Device
Touch	I-Device
and	O
the	O
Taptic	O
Engine	O
,	O
are	O
unique	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
main	O
hardware	B-Architecture
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
is	O
the	O
touchscreen	B-Device
,	O
with	O
current	O
models	O
offering	O
screens	O
of	O
4.7	O
inches	O
and	O
larger	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
include	O
a	O
rear-facing	O
camera	O
;	O
the	O
front-facing	O
camera	O
dates	O
back	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
7	O
Plus	O
introduced	O
multiple	O
lenses	O
to	O
the	O
rear-facing	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
range	O
of	O
sensors	O
are	O
also	O
included	O
on	O
the	O
device	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
proximity	B-Device
sensor	I-Device
,	O
ambient	O
light	O
sensor	O
,	O
accelerometer	O
,	O
gyroscopic	B-Application
sensor	I-Application
,	O
magnetometer	O
,	O
facial	O
recognition	O
sensor	O
or	O
fingerprint	O
sensor	O
(	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
model	O
)	O
and	O
barometer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2022	O
,	O
Apple	O
added	O
satellite	O
communications	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
,	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
14	O
and	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
14	I-Operating_System
Pro	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
runs	O
iOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
macOS	B-Application
's	O
Darwin	B-Operating_System
and	O
many	O
of	O
its	O
userland	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
,	O
with	O
Cocoa	B-Operating_System
replaced	O
by	O
Cocoa	B-Operating_System
Touch	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
AppKit	B-Operating_System
replaced	O
by	O
UIKit	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
graphics	O
stack	O
runs	O
on	O
Metal	B-Library
,	O
Apple	O
's	O
low-level	O
graphics	O
API	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
comes	O
with	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
bundled	O
applications	O
developed	O
by	O
Apple	O
,	O
and	O
supports	O
downloading	O
third-party	O
applications	O
through	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
provides	O
free	O
updates	O
to	O
iOS	B-Application
over-the-air	O
,	O
or	O
through	O
Finder	O
and	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
on	O
a	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Major	O
iOS	B-Application
releases	O
have	O
historically	O
accompanied	O
new	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
WWDC	O
2007	O
on	O
June	O
11	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
that	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
would	O
support	O
third-party	O
Ajax	B-General_Concept
web	O
applications	O
that	O
share	O
the	O
look	O
and	O
feel	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
October	O
17	O
,	O
2007	O
,	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
,	O
in	O
an	O
open	O
letter	O
posted	O
to	O
Apple	O
's	O
"	O
Hot	O
News	O
"	O
weblog	O
,	O
announced	O
that	O
a	O
software	B-Application
development	I-Application
kit	I-Application
(	O
SDK	O
)	O
would	O
be	O
made	O
available	O
to	O
third-party	O
developers	O
in	O
February	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
SDK	O
was	O
officially	O
announced	O
and	O
released	O
on	O
March	O
6	O
,	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
was	O
launched	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
2.0	O
,	O
on	O
July	O
11	O
,	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
requires	O
all	O
third-party	O
apps	O
to	O
be	O
downloaded	O
from	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
with	O
exceptions	O
for	O
ad-hoc	O
apps	O
used	O
within	O
enterprises	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
must	O
pay	O
a	O
yearly	O
$99	O
fee	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
Developer	O
Program	O
;	O
if	O
their	O
membership	O
expires	O
,	O
their	O
apps	O
are	O
removed	O
from	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
though	O
existing	O
users	O
retain	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
redownload	O
the	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
earning	O
less	O
than	O
$1million	O
in	O
annual	O
sales	O
qualify	O
for	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
Small	O
Business	O
Program	O
,	O
with	O
Apple	O
only	O
taking	O
a	O
15%	O
fee	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
iOS	B-Application
has	O
far	O
lower	O
market	O
share	O
than	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
its	O
app	O
ecosystem	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
superior	O
,	O
with	O
higher-quality	O
apps	O
,	O
and	O
more	O
iOS-exclusive	O
releases	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Android	B-Application
's	O
version	O
fragmentation	O
,	O
less	O
uniform	O
hardware	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
lower	O
app	O
revenues	O
have	O
been	O
cited	O
as	O
key	O
factors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
apps	O
must	O
pass	O
Apple	O
's	O
app	O
review	O
process	O
before	O
being	O
distributed	O
in	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2018	O
,	O
Apple	O
removed	O
Tumblr	B-Application
from	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
citing	O
illegal	O
content	O
,	O
causing	O
Tumblr	B-Application
to	O
ban	O
all	O
adult	O
content	O
from	O
their	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
's	O
review	O
process	O
has	O
been	O
criticized	O
by	O
developers	O
as	O
"	O
frustrating	O
"	O
,	O
"	O
anti-competitive	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
asinine	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
can	O
also	O
install	O
native	O
apps	O
outside	O
of	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
through	O
jailbreaking	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jailbreaking	B-Application
may	O
cause	O
security	O
issues	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
supported	O
by	O
Apple	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
there	O
have	O
been	O
over	O
140billion	O
app	O
downloads	O
from	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
has	O
over	O
2.2million	O
apps	O
for	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
restricts	O
the	O
installation	O
of	O
unapproved	O
third-party	O
apps	O
and	O
does	O
not	O
allow	O
full	O
access	O
to	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
filesystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
Jonathan	O
Zittrain	O
,	O
the	O
emergence	O
of	O
closed	O
devices	O
like	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
made	O
computing	O
more	O
proprietary	B-Application
than	O
it	O
was	O
in	O
the	O
PC	O
era	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jailbreaking	B-Application
allows	O
users	O
to	O
install	O
apps	O
not	O
available	O
on	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
,	O
customize	O
their	O
device	O
in	O
ways	O
not	O
allowed	O
by	O
Apple	O
,	O
and	O
bypass	O
SIM	O
locks	O
without	O
carrier	O
approval	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
jailbreak	B-Application
tweaks	O
were	O
later	O
copied	O
by	O
Apple	O
and	O
implemented	O
into	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
like	O
multitasking	O
,	O
widgets	O
,	O
and	O
copy	O
and	O
paste	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
attempted	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
DMCA	O
to	O
fight	O
jailbreaking	B-Application
;	O
however	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
U.S.	O
found	O
jailbreaking	B-Application
to	O
be	O
legal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jailbroken	B-Application
iPhones	B-Operating_System
are	O
at	O
higher	O
risk	O
of	O
malware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
Apple	O
cannot	O
void	O
an	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
warranty	O
solely	O
due	O
to	O
jailbreaking	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jailbreaks	B-Application
rely	O
on	O
exploits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
has	O
improved	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
hardware	B-Architecture
and	O
software	O
security	O
,	O
making	O
these	O
exploits	O
harder	O
to	O
find	O
;	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
recent	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
cannot	O
currently	O
be	O
jailbroken	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
contains	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
accessibility	O
features	O
to	O
support	O
users	O
 '	O
visual	O
,	O
auditory	O
,	O
and	O
motor	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhones	B-Operating_System
can	O
notify	O
users	O
through	O
onscreen	O
banners	O
,	O
audio	O
alerts	O
,	O
vibrations	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
LED	O
flash	O
;	O
vibration	O
patterns	O
can	O
be	O
customized	O
by	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
15	I-Operating_System
,	O
Siri	B-Application
can	O
read	O
notifications	O
out	O
loud	O
through	O
earphones	O
,	O
and	O
,	O
since	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
16	I-Operating_System
,	O
through	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
speakers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gestures	O
,	O
like	O
rotate	O
and	O
shake	O
,	O
are	O
available	O
even	O
when	O
if	O
the	O
iOS	B-Application
device	O
is	O
mounted	O
on	O
a	O
wheelchair	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Head	O
Tracking	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
control	O
an	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
using	O
facial	O
movements	O
recognized	O
by	O
the	O
front	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Low-vision	O
users	O
can	O
enable	O
VoiceOver	O
,	O
a	O
screen	O
reader	O
which	O
describes	O
what	O
is	O
on	O
the	O
screen	O
,	O
while	O
Siri	B-Application
allows	O
for	O
hands-free	O
interaction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
also	O
supports	O
wireless	O
braille	O
displays	O
to	O
help	O
users	O
read	O
its	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Magnifier	O
app	O
uses	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
Lidar	O
scanner	O
to	O
identify	O
objects	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
doors	O
,	O
people	O
,	O
and	O
objects	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
describe	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
their	O
distance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hearing	O
aids	O
that	O
are	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
Made	O
for	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
program	O
can	O
be	O
controlled	O
from	O
an	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
hearing	O
aids	O
also	O
feature	O
Live	O
Listen	O
,	O
which	O
enables	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
to	O
act	O
as	O
a	O
directional	O
microphone	O
,	O
beaming	O
its	O
audio	O
to	O
compatible	O
hearing	O
aids	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
built	O
Live	O
Listen	O
support	O
into	O
all	O
AirPods	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
can	O
also	O
relay	O
audio	O
from	O
a	O
connected	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
microphone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
Guided	O
Access	O
,	O
a	O
parent	O
,	O
teacher	O
,	O
or	O
therapist	O
can	O
limit	O
an	O
iOS	B-Application
device	O
to	O
stay	O
on	O
one	O
app	O
by	O
disabling	O
the	O
Home	O
button	O
and	O
limit	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
time	O
spent	O
in	O
an	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
heavily	O
promoted	O
before	O
its	O
official	O
announcement	O
,	O
creating	O
buzz	O
and	O
anticipation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
's	O
premium	O
market	O
positioning	O
has	O
led	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
status	O
symbol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apple	O
ecosystem	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
key	O
moat	O
that	O
increases	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
brand	O
loyalty	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
iMessage	O
,	O
SMS	O
messages	O
from	O
Android	B-Application
users	O
appear	O
as	O
green	O
bubble	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
blue	O
bubbles	O
used	O
for	O
texts	O
from	O
other	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Group	O
chats	O
between	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
are	O
poorly	O
supported	O
;	O
reactions	O
display	O
as	O
text	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
bubbles	O
,	O
and	O
images	O
are	O
sent	O
through	O
MMS	O
,	O
which	O
degrades	O
image	O
quality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
teens	O
have	O
described	O
being	O
"	O
ostracized	O
"	O
after	O
switching	O
to	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
which	O
Google	O
has	O
labelled	O
"	O
bullying.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
has	O
been	O
described	O
by	O
critics	O
as	O
a	O
key	O
factor	O
leading	O
87%	O
of	O
U.S.	O
teenagers	O
to	O
use	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
bought	O
through	O
a	O
monthly	O
carrier	O
contract	O
are	O
SIM	O
locked	O
,	O
restricting	O
their	O
use	O
to	O
one	O
particular	O
carrier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
initially	O
sold	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
only	O
on	O
the	O
AT&T	O
network	O
with	O
a	O
SIM	O
lock	O
in	O
place	O
,	O
various	O
hackers	O
found	O
methods	O
to	O
bypass	O
that	O
SIM	O
lock	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
than	O
a	O
quarter	O
of	O
first-generation	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
sold	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
were	O
not	O
registered	O
with	O
AT&T	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
speculated	O
that	O
they	O
were	O
likely	O
shipped	O
overseas	O
and	O
unlocked	O
,	O
a	O
lucrative	O
market	O
before	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3G	B-Architecture
's	O
worldwide	O
release	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhones	B-Operating_System
bought	O
from	O
Apple	O
are	O
not	O
SIM	O
locked	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
carriers	O
also	O
sell	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
unlocked	O
when	O
purchased	O
outright	O
rather	O
than	O
on	O
a	O
long-term	O
contract	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2013	O
,	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
buyers	O
can	O
obtain	O
a	O
trade-in	O
discount	O
when	O
buying	O
a	O
new	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
directly	O
from	O
Apple	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
program	O
aims	O
to	O
increase	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
customers	O
who	O
purchase	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
at	O
Apple	O
Stores	O
rather	O
than	O
carrier	O
stores	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2015	O
,	O
Apple	O
unveiled	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
Upgrade	O
Program	O
,	O
a	O
24-month	O
leasing	O
agreement	O
,	O
which	O
Fortune	O
described	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
change	O
 [ in ] 	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
owners	O
 '	O
relationships	O
with	O
mobile	O
carriers	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhone	B-Operating_System
components	O
are	O
soldered	O
,	O
and	O
many	O
are	O
glued	O
together	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhones	B-Operating_System
receive	O
low	O
repairability	O
scores	O
,	O
in	O
part	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
difficulty	O
of	O
obtaining	O
genuine	O
parts	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
difficulty	O
undertaking	O
each	O
repair	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
past	O
,	O
Apple	O
bricked	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
6	I-Operating_System
models	O
after	O
their	O
home	O
buttons	O
were	O
replaced	O
,	O
displaying	O
an	O
Error	O
53	O
message	O
;	O
Apple	O
called	O
this	O
a	O
bug	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
an	O
update	O
to	O
address	O
the	O
issue	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
with	O
a	O
Touch	O
ID	O
sensor	O
,	O
the	O
home	O
button	O
cannot	O
be	O
replaced	O
by	O
users	O
or	O
independent	O
repair	O
shops	O
without	O
losing	O
Touch	O
ID	O
functionality	O
,	O
since	O
Apple	O
has	O
not	O
made	O
their	O
calibration	O
tool	O
public	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
more	O
recent	O
models	O
,	O
starting	O
with	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
XR	O
,	O
Apple	O
displays	O
warnings	O
in	O
the	O
Settings	O
app	O
if	O
the	O
battery	O
,	O
display	O
,	O
or	O
camera	O
are	O
replaced	O
by	O
a	O
third	O
party	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iFixit	O
notes	O
that	O
a	O
proprietary	B-Application
,	O
cloud-linked	O
System	O
Configuration	O
tool	O
is	O
required	O
to	O
"	O
complete	O
"	O
a	O
part	O
repair	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
even	O
replacing	O
a	O
genuine	O
part	O
with	O
another	O
genuine	O
part	O
will	O
fail	O
Apple	O
's	O
"	O
genuine	O
parts	O
"	O
check	O
unless	O
said	O
tool	O
is	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
introduced	O
App	B-Operating_System
Tracking	I-Operating_System
Transparency	I-Operating_System
(	O
ATT	O
)	O
with	O
iOS	B-Application
14.5	O
in	O
April	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
the	O
user	O
refuses	O
,	O
the	O
app	O
cannot	O
access	O
Apple	O
's	O
Identifier	B-Operating_System
for	I-Operating_System
Advertisers	I-Operating_System
(	O
IDFA	O
)	O
,	O
an	O
identifier	O
used	O
to	O
serve	O
personalized	O
ads	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2010	O
,	O
Apple	O
claimed	O
that	O
it	O
collected	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
 '	O
GPS	O
coordinates	O
and	O
nearby	O
Wi-Fi	O
networks	O
twice	O
a	O
day	O
;	O
a	O
Wall	O
Street	O
Journal	O
investigation	O
found	O
that	O
Android	B-Application
sent	O
this	O
data	O
"	O
several	O
times	O
an	O
hour	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2010	O
,	O
forensic	O
expert	O
Christopher	O
Vance	O
discovered	O
a	O
hidden	B-Application
unencrypted	O
file	O
named	O
"	O
consolidated.db	O
"	O
that	O
contained	O
a	O
record	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
 '	O
locations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
file	O
was	O
added	O
with	O
the	O
June	O
2010	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
update	O
,	O
though	O
previous	O
versions	O
of	O
iOS	B-Application
stored	O
similar	O
information	O
in	O
a	O
file	O
called	O
"	O
h-cells.plist	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
20	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
The	O
Guardian	O
publicized	O
research	O
by	O
Alasdair	O
Allen	O
and	O
Pete	O
Warden	O
,	O
who	O
found	O
that	O
anyone	O
with	O
physical	O
access	O
to	O
an	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
could	O
obtain	O
a	O
detailed	O
record	O
of	O
its	O
owner	O
's	O
location	O
and	O
movements	O
over	O
the	O
past	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Moreover	O
,	O
the	O
file	O
was	O
automatically	O
backed	O
up	O
by	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
onto	O
any	O
computer	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
was	O
synchronized	O
with	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
issued	O
an	O
update	O
for	O
iOS	B-Application
(	O
version	O
4.3.3	B-Operating_System
,	O
or	O
4.2.8	O
for	O
the	O
CDMA	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
4	I-Operating_System
)	O
which	O
reduced	O
the	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
cache	O
,	O
encrypted	O
it	O
,	O
stopped	O
it	O
being	O
backed	O
up	O
to	O
iTunes	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
erased	O
it	O
entirely	O
whenever	O
location	O
services	O
were	O
turned	O
off	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nevertheless	O
,	O
in	O
July	O
2014	O
,	O
a	O
report	O
on	O
state-owned	O
China	O
Central	O
Television	O
called	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
tracking	O
a	O
"	O
national	O
security	O
concern.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
contain	O
a	O
"	O
Frequent	O
Locations	O
"	O
database	O
which	O
records	O
where	O
users	O
have	O
been	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
exact	O
times	O
they	O
arrived	O
and	O
left	O
,	O
raising	O
concerns	O
that	O
the	O
data	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
court	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
scan	O
iCloud	B-Application
Photos	O
for	O
child	O
abuse	O
imagery	O
(	O
through	O
an	O
algorithm	O
called	O
"	O
NeuralHash	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
filter	O
explicit	O
images	O
sent	O
and	O
received	O
by	O
children	O
using	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
(	O
dubbed	O
"	O
Conversation	O
Safety	O
"	O
)	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
rolled	O
out	O
later	O
that	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
other	O
feature	O
,	O
Conversation	O
Safety	O
,	O
was	O
added	O
in	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
15.2	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
is	O
regarded	O
by	O
security	O
experts	O
as	O
more	O
secure	O
against	O
common	O
malware	O
than	O
Android	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Less	O
than	O
1%	O
of	O
mobile	O
malware	O
targets	O
iOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
2014	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
stored	O
all	O
"	O
messages	O
,	O
pictures	O
and	O
videos	O
,	O
contacts	O
,	O
audio	O
recordings	O
 [ ... ] 	O
and	O
call	O
history	O
"	O
in	O
unencrypted	O
form	O
,	O
enabling	O
easy	O
access	O
by	O
law	O
enforcement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
changed	O
with	O
iOS	B-Application
8	O
,	O
which	O
adopted	O
file-based	B-Application
encryption	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Companies	O
like	O
Grayshift	O
and	O
Cellebrite	O
developed	O
exploits	O
that	O
enable	O
law	O
enforcement	O
to	O
extract	O
user	O
data	O
from	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
without	O
needing	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
passcode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FBI	O
had	O
recovered	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
5C	O
of	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
San	O
Bernardino	O
attackers	O
,	O
and	O
iCloud	B-Application
backups	O
of	O
that	O
phone	O
from	O
a	O
month	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
before	O
the	O
shooting	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
U.S.	O
government	O
attempted	O
to	O
obtain	O
a	O
court	O
order	O
under	O
the	O
All	O
Writs	O
Act	O
compelling	O
Apple	O
to	O
produce	O
a	O
modified	O
version	O
of	O
iOS	B-Application
that	O
would	O
allow	O
investigators	O
to	O
brute	O
force	O
the	O
device	O
passcode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tim	O
Cook	O
responded	O
on	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
website	O
,	O
outlining	O
a	O
need	O
for	O
encryption	O
,	O
arguing	O
that	O
a	O
backdoor	O
would	O
compromise	O
the	O
privacy	O
of	O
all	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DOJ	O
withdrew	O
its	O
request	O
after	O
the	O
FBI	O
bought	O
an	O
exploit	O
to	O
bypass	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
passcode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
researchers	O
discovered	O
the	O
Pegasus	B-Application
suite	O
of	O
exploits	O
targeting	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
which	O
led	O
to	O
significant	O
international	O
media	O
coverage	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
Pegasus	B-Application
exploits	O
are	O
zero-click	O
,	O
meaning	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
fully	O
compromise	O
the	O
device	O
with	O
no	O
user	O
interaction	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
by	O
sending	O
a	O
malformed	O
iMessage	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
that	O
would	O
not	O
even	O
trigger	O
a	O
notification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pegasus	B-Application
can	O
collect	O
most	O
data	O
,	O
including	O
chats	O
,	O
passwords	O
,	O
and	O
photos	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
turn	O
on	O
the	O
phone	O
's	O
microphone	O
and	O
camera	O
remotely	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
quickly	O
issued	O
an	O
update	O
fixing	O
FORCEDENTRY	B-Application
and	O
other	O
known	O
Pegasus	B-Application
exploits	O
,	O
though	O
Pegasus	B-Application
continued	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
,	O
relying	O
on	O
new	O
exploits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
also	O
sued	O
NSO	O
,	O
the	O
organization	O
behind	O
Pegasus	B-Application
,	O
announced	O
a	O
new	O
security	O
bounty	O
,	O
and	O
added	O
an	O
optional	O
Lockdown	O
Mode	O
to	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
16	I-Operating_System
that	O
reduces	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
attack	O
surface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prominent	O
victims	O
of	O
Pegasus	B-Application
include	O
Jamal	O
Khashoggi	O
,	O
and	O
numerous	O
activists	O
,	O
businessmen	O
and	O
politicians	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Pegasus	B-Application
has	O
been	O
widely	O
used	O
since	O
2011	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
still	O
used	O
by	O
law	O
enforcement	O
and	O
governments	O
as	O
of	O
July	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
original	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
been	O
described	O
as	O
"	O
revolutionary	O
"	O
a	O
"	O
breakthrough	O
handheld	O
computer	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
the	O
best	O
phone	O
that	O
anybody	O
has	O
ever	O
made.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
,	O
smartphones	B-Application
were	O
mostly	O
used	O
for	O
texting	O
,	O
calls	O
,	O
and	O
email	O
;	O
more	O
advanced	O
functions	O
were	O
harder	O
to	O
use	O
and	O
inconvenient	O
on	O
a	O
small	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
were	O
also	O
hard	O
to	O
develop	O
for	O
,	O
and	O
lacked	O
a	O
thriving	O
app	O
ecosystem	O
like	O
the	O
App	B-Application
Store	I-Application
(	O
released	O
in	O
2008	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
phones	O
were	O
heavily	O
customized	O
by	O
mobile	O
carriers	O
,	O
which	O
led	O
to	O
feature	O
fragmentation	O
and	O
prevented	O
these	O
phones	O
from	O
turning	O
into	O
thriving	O
software	B-Device
platforms	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
,	O
Apple	O
's	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
SDK	I-Operating_System
provided	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
,	O
made	O
mobile	B-Application
development	I-Application
far	O
more	O
accessible	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
instrumental	O
in	O
turning	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
into	O
a	O
"	O
Swiss	O
army	O
knife	O
"	O
with	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
features	O
and	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Successive	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
have	O
generated	O
significant	O
fan	O
enthusiasm	O
,	O
with	O
many	O
customers	O
queuing	O
up	O
in	O
front	O
of	O
Apple	O
Stores	O
on	O
launch	O
day	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2021	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
higher	O
brand	O
loyalty	O
than	O
any	O
other	O
smartphone	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
success	O
has	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
decline	O
of	O
incumbents	O
Nokia	O
,	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Motorola	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RIM	O
,	O
Symbian	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
all	O
attempted	O
to	O
develop	O
more	O
modern	O
operating	O
systems	O
to	O
compete	O
with	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
,	O
like	O
Maemo	B-Operating_System
,	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
BlackBerry	B-Application
10	I-Application
;	O
all	O
were	O
unsuccessful	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	O
successfully	O
started	O
over	O
on	O
their	O
Android	B-Application
project	O
,	O
and	O
designed	O
it	O
for	O
mass	O
adoption	O
by	O
carriers	O
and	O
phone	O
hardware	B-Architecture
manufacturers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
,	O
the	O
iOS	B-Application
and	O
Android	B-Application
account	O
for	O
99%	O
of	O
smartphones	B-Application
used	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
sold	O
6.1million	O
units	O
of	O
the	O
original	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
between	O
Q3	O
FY2007	O
and	O
Q4	O
FY2008	O
,	O
and	O
11.3million	O
units	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3G	B-Architecture
in	O
Q4	O
FY2008	O
and	O
Q1	O
FY2009	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2008	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
reached	O
1.1	O
%	O
of	O
worldwide	O
mobile	O
phone	O
market	O
share	O
,	O
and	O
8.2	O
%	O
of	O
the	O
smartphone	B-Application
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
this	O
time	O
it	O
was	O
quickly	O
becoming	O
relevant	O
in	O
North	O
America	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
market	O
share	O
was	O
ranked	O
second	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
behind	O
the	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
;	O
in	O
2010	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
3GS	B-Architecture
was	O
the	O
best-selling	O
smartphone	B-Application
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
that	O
an	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
device	O
reached	O
top	O
spot	O
in	O
that	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhone	B-Operating_System
sales	O
grew	O
continuously	O
year-over-year	O
since	O
its	O
introduction	O
until	O
Q2	O
FY2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
briefly	O
surpassed	O
BlackBerry	B-Operating_System
in	O
Q4	O
FY2008	O
,	O
and	O
permanently	O
overtook	O
it	O
starting	O
in	O
Q3	O
FY2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
2011	O
,	O
Apple	O
sold	O
100	O
million	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
worldwide	O
,	O
and	O
became	O
the	O
largest	O
mobile	O
phone	O
vendor	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
by	O
revenue	O
,	O
surpassing	O
long-time	O
leader	O
Nokia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Q1	O
FY2012	O
marked	O
Apple	O
's	O
best	O
quarterly	O
earnings	O
in	O
its	O
history	O
,	O
with	O
53%	O
of	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
revenues	O
coming	O
from	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
13	O
in	O
Q1	O
FY2022	O
,	O
Apple	O
temporarily	O
topped	O
Samsung	O
,	O
with	O
84.9million	O
units	O
shipped	O
compared	O
to	O
Samsung	O
's	O
68.9million	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
most	O
quarters	O
,	O
Apple	O
is	O
the	O
second	O
largest	O
smartphone	B-Application
vendor	O
by	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Today	O
,	O
Samsung	O
and	O
Apple	O
dominate	O
the	O
smartphone	B-Application
market	O
,	O
with	O
21.8	O
%	O
and	O
15.6	O
%	O
worldwide	O
market	O
share	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
Apple	O
's	O
small	O
lineup	O
,	O
Apple	O
often	O
dominates	O
the	O
list	O
of	O
bestselling	O
smartphone	B-Application
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
its	O
lower	O
market	O
share	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
premium	O
positioning	O
has	O
led	O
it	O
to	O
capture	O
nearly	O
half	O
of	O
global	O
smartphone	B-Application
revenue	O
,	O
and	O
80%	O
of	O
global	O
smartphone	B-Application
profits	O
,	O
with	O
Samsung	O
taking	O
the	O
other	O
20%	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Carriers	O
compete	O
with	O
each	O
other	O
to	O
subsidize	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
upgrades	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
significant	O
factor	O
in	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
sales	O
,	O
though	O
this	O
has	O
reduced	O
carrier	O
profits	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
27	O
,	O
2016	O
,	O
Apple	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
sold	O
their	O
1	O
billionth	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
to	O
other	O
high-tech	O
products	O
,	O
a	O
greater	O
proportion	O
of	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
are	O
female	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
has	O
been	O
adopted	O
by	O
both	O
consumers	O
and	O
business	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
iPhone	B-Operating_System
users	O
are	O
wealthier	O
and	O
spend	O
more	O
time	O
on	O
their	O
phones	O
than	O
Android	B-Application
users	O
on	O
average	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
is	O
especially	O
popular	O
in	O
the	O
U.S.	O
,	O
where	O
it	O
has	O
a	O
50%	O
market	O
share	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
used	O
by	O
87%	O
of	O
teenagers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Worldwide	O
,	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
accounts	O
for	O
78%	O
of	O
the	O
high-end	O
( $	O
1,000	O
+	O
)	O
smartphone	B-Application
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Android	B-Application
overtook	O
the	B-Operating_System
iPhone	I-Operating_System
's	O
installed	O
base	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
NPD	O
Group	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
Apple	O
's	O
earnings	O
call	O
on	O
January	O
27	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Tim	O
Cook	O
said	O
that	O
1billion	O
iPhones	B-Operating_System
were	O
being	O
actively	O
used	O
worldwide	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
considers	O
emerging	O
market	O
tastes	O
in	O
its	O
product	O
designs	O
;	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
it	O
introduced	O
a	O
gold	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
after	O
finding	O
that	O
gold	O
was	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
popular	O
sign	O
of	O
a	O
luxury	O
product	O
among	O
Chinese	O
customers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2017	O
,	O
Apple	O
started	O
manufacturing	O
previous	O
years	O
 '	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
models	O
in	O
India	O
;	O
in	O
2022	O
,	O
it	O
began	O
manufacturing	O
the	O
current	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
14	I-Operating_System
there	O
too	O
.	O
</s>
