<s>
The	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
for	O
Smart	O
Objects	O
(	O
IPSO	O
)	O
Alliance	O
was	O
an	O
international	O
technical	O
standards	O
organization	O
promoting	O
the	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
IP	O
)	O
for	O
what	O
it	O
calls	O
"	O
smart	O
object	O
"	O
communications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
was	O
a	O
non-profit	O
organization	O
founded	O
in	O
2008	O
with	O
members	O
from	O
technology	O
,	O
communications	O
and	O
energy	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Alliance	O
advocated	O
for	O
IP	O
networked	B-Architecture
devices	O
in	O
energy	O
,	O
consumer	O
,	O
healthcare	O
,	O
and	O
industrial	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
27	O
March	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
merged	O
with	O
the	O
Open	O
Mobile	O
Alliance	O
(	O
OMA	O
)	O
to	O
form	O
OMA	O
SpecWorks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Constrained	O
devices	O
in	O
turn	O
are	O
small	O
computers	O
(	O
microcontrollers	B-Architecture
)	O
with	O
a	O
sensor	O
or	O
actuator	B-Algorithm
and	O
a	O
communication	O
device	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
thermostats	O
,	O
car	O
engines	O
,	O
light	O
switches	O
,	O
and	O
industrial	O
machinery	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
of	O
the	O
device	O
(	O
device	O
management	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
state	O
,	O
data	O
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
of	O
the	O
sensors	O
and	O
actuators	B-Algorithm
(	O
data	O
management	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
promotes	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
layered	O
architecture	O
of	O
IP	O
provides	O
a	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
flexibility	O
,	O
innovation	O
,	O
and	O
accelerates	O
the	O
adoption	O
of	O
network-connected	O
devices	O
,	O
often	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
15	O
February	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
Alliance	O
announced	O
its	O
IPSO	O
Challenge	O
2013	O
competition	O
to	O
showcase	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Internet	B-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
IP	O
)	O
in	O
sensor	O
,	O
control	O
,	O
and	O
M2M	O
applications	O
enabling	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IOT	B-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2012	O
In	O
conjunction	O
with	O
IETF	O
84	O
in	O
Vancouver	O
,	O
British	O
Columbia	O
,	O
IPSO	O
hosted	O
an	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
interoperability	O
demonstration	O
using	O
the	O
IPv6	B-Protocol
and	O
Web	O
standards	O
for	O
machine-to-machine	O
(	O
M2M	O
)	O
devices	O
and	O
cloud	O
services	O
in	O
connected	O
home	O
,	O
building	O
automation	O
,	O
lighting	O
and	O
smart	O
energy-related	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2012	O
,	O
to	O
observe	O
World	O
IPv6	B-Protocol
Launch	O
Day	O
,	O
the	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
enabled	O
its	O
website	O
for	O
IPv6	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2012	O
,	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
teamed	O
with	O
European	O
Telecommunications	O
Standards	O
Institute	O
(	O
ETSI	O
)	O
to	O
assemble	O
companies	O
to	O
validate	O
understanding	O
of	O
the	O
Constrained	O
Application	O
Protocol	O
(	O
CoAP	O
)	O
base	O
specification	O
under	O
development	O
by	O
IETF	O
,	O
and	O
test	O
protocol	O
implementation	O
interoperability	O
and	O
conformance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Test	O
results	O
provided	O
to	O
both	O
the	O
IETF	O
and	O
Internet	B-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
)	O
communities	O
to	O
enhance	O
the	O
quality	O
of	O
these	O
developing	O
standards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2010	O
,	O
ZigBee	O
Alliance	O
and	O
IPv6	B-Protocol
Forum	O
formed	O
strategic	O
relationships	O
with	O
the	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
to	O
speed	O
adoption	O
of	O
IP	O
networked	B-Architecture
smart	O
objects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2008	O
,	O
Time	O
magazine	O
listed	O
the	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
and	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
things	I-Operating_System
as	O
the	O
30th	O
most	O
important	O
innovation	O
of	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
15	O
October	O
2008	O
,	O
members	O
of	O
the	O
IPSO	B-Device
Alliance	I-Device
released	O
uIPv6	O
,	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
smallest	O
IPv6	B-Protocol
stack	O
.	O
</s>
