<s>
IFIP	B-Language
Working	I-Language
Group	I-Language
2.1	I-Language
on	O
Algorithmic	O
Languages	O
and	O
Calculi	O
is	O
a	O
working	O
group	O
of	O
the	O
International	O
Federation	O
for	O
Information	O
Processing	O
(	O
IFIP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IFIP	B-Language
WG	I-Language
2.1	I-Language
was	O
formed	O
as	O
the	O
body	O
responsible	O
for	O
the	O
continued	O
support	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
the	O
programming	O
language	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Modified	O
Report	O
on	O
the	O
Algorithmic	O
Language	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
and	O
the	O
ALGOL	B-Language
68	I-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
were	O
produced	O
by	O
WG	O
2.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soon	O
after	O
the	O
publication	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
Report	O
in	O
1960	O
,	O
issues	O
arose	O
that	O
needed	O
some	O
form	O
of	O
authoritative	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
had	O
been	O
chosen	O
by	O
leading	O
scientific	O
journal	O
Communications	O
of	O
the	O
ACM	O
as	O
its	O
language	O
for	O
algorithms	O
,	O
then	O
an	O
important	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
items	O
published	O
in	O
the	O
Communications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
urgent	O
issue	O
was	O
the	O
absence	O
of	O
even	O
basic	O
input/output	B-General_Concept
(	O
I/O	B-General_Concept
)	O
facilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
authors	O
of	O
the	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
Report	O
met	O
in	O
Rome	O
,	O
Italy	O
,	O
in	O
April	O
1962	O
to	O
resolve	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
ambiguities	O
and	O
errors	O
known	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
resulting	O
in	O
the	O
Revised	O
Report	O
on	O
the	O
Algorithmic	O
Language	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
that	O
meeting	O
,	O
the	O
authors	O
decided	O
to	O
institutionalize	O
the	O
responsibility	O
for	O
the	O
continued	O
support	O
and	O
maintenance	O
of	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
by	O
transferring	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
young	O
international	O
IFIP	O
organization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
membership	O
consisted	O
largely	O
of	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
original	O
authors	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
addition	O
of	O
several	O
members	O
responsible	O
for	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
implementations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IFIP	B-Language
WG	I-Language
2.1	I-Language
held	O
its	O
first	O
meeting	O
in	O
August	O
1962	O
in	O
Munich	O
,	O
Germany	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
was	O
designed	O
,	O
its	O
intended	O
scope	O
of	O
use	O
was	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
FORTRAN	B-Application
:	O
largely	O
the	O
field	O
of	O
numerical	B-General_Concept
analysis	I-General_Concept
or	O
computing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IFIP	B-Language
WG	I-Language
2.1	I-Language
embarked	O
on	O
the	O
design	O
of	O
a	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
,	O
code-named	O
ALGOL	B-Language
X	I-Language
,	O
with	O
a	O
much	O
wider	O
application	O
scope	O
,	O
including	O
nonnumerical	O
programming	O
,	O
areas	O
better	O
served	O
by	O
languages	O
like	O
COBOL	B-Application
and	O
Lisp	B-Language
than	O
by	O
ALGOL	B-Language
60	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Among	O
several	O
competing	O
initial	O
designs	O
,	O
including	O
a	O
proposal	O
by	O
Niklaus	O
Wirth	O
that	O
eventually	O
led	O
to	O
ALGOL	B-Language
W	I-Language
,	O
the	O
Working	O
Group	O
chose	O
that	O
by	O
Aad	O
van	O
Wijngaarden	O
,	O
ultimately	O
leading	O
to	O
ALGOL	B-Language
68	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
IFIP	B-Language
WG	I-Language
2.1	I-Language
decided	O
to	O
adopt	O
the	O
design	O
in	O
December	O
1968	O
during	O
a	O
stormy	O
meeting	O
,	O
once	O
again	O
held	O
in	O
Munich	O
.	O
</s>
