<s>
Teleprocessing	B-Application
Network	I-Application
Simulator	I-Application
(	O
TPNS	B-Application
)	O
is	O
an	O
IBM	O
licensed	O
program	O
,	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
1976	O
as	O
a	O
test	B-Application
automation	I-Application
tool	I-Application
to	O
simulate	O
the	O
end-user	O
activity	O
of	O
network	O
terminal(s )	O
to	O
a	O
mainframe	B-Device
computer	I-Device
system	O
,	O
for	O
functional	B-Application
testing	I-Application
,	O
regression	O
testing	O
,	O
system	O
testing	O
,	O
capacity	B-General_Concept
management	I-General_Concept
,	O
benchmarking	O
and	O
stress	O
testing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Workload	O
Simulator	O
for	O
z/OS	B-Application
and	O
S/390	B-Device
(	O
WSim	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
successor	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Teleprocessing	B-Application
Network	I-Application
Simulator	I-Application
(	O
TPNS	B-Application
)	O
Version	O
1	O
Release	O
1	O
(	O
V1R1	O
)	O
was	O
introduced	O
as	O
Program	O
Product	O
5740-XT4	O
in	O
February	O
1976	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
four	O
additional	O
releases	O
up	O
to	O
V1R5	O
(	O
1981	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
1981	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
TPNS	B-Application
Version	O
2	O
Release	O
1	O
(	O
)	O
as	O
Program	O
Product	O
5662-262	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
three	O
additional	O
releases	O
up	O
to	O
V2R4	O
(	O
1987	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
1989	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
TPNS	B-Application
Version	O
3	O
Release	O
1	O
(	O
)	O
as	O
Program	O
Product	O
5688-121	O
,	O
followed	O
by	O
four	O
additional	O
releases	O
up	O
to	O
(	O
1996	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
1998	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
Test	O
Manager	O
(	O
for	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
usability	O
enhancement	O
to	O
automate	O
the	O
test	O
process	O
further	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
improve	O
productivity	O
through	O
a	O
logical	O
flow	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
streamline	O
TPNS-based	O
testing	O
of	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
3270	I-Operating_System
applications	O
or	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
transaction	O
programs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2002	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
Workload	O
Simulator	O
for	O
z/OS	B-Application
and	O
S/390	B-Device
(	O
WSim	O
)	O
V1.1	O
as	O
Program	O
Number	O
5655-I39	O
,	O
a	O
re-packaged	O
successor	O
product	O
to	O
TPNS	B-Application
,	O
alongside	O
the	O
WSim	O
Test	O
Manager	O
V1.1	O
,	O
a	O
re-packaged	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
Test	O
Manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2012	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
a	O
maintenance	O
update	O
of	O
Workload	O
Simulator	O
for	O
z/OS	B-Application
and	O
S/390	B-Device
(	O
WSim	O
)	O
V1.1	O
,	O
to	O
simplify	O
the	O
installation	O
of	O
updates	O
to	O
the	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2015	O
,	O
IBM	O
announced	O
enhancements	O
to	O
Workload	O
Simulator	O
for	O
z/OS	B-Application
and	O
S/390	B-Device
(	O
WSim	O
)	O
V1.1	O
,	O
providing	O
new	O
utilities	O
for	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
data	O
capture	O
and	O
script	O
generation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TPNS	B-Application
supports	O
the	O
simulation	O
of	O
a	O
wide	O
range	O
of	O
networking	O
protocols	O
and	O
devices	O
:	O
SNA/SDLC	O
,	O
start-stop	O
,	O
BSC	B-Protocol
,	O
TWX	O
,	O
TTY	O
,	O
X.25	B-Protocol
Packet	I-Protocol
Switching	I-Protocol
Network	I-Protocol
,	O
Token	B-Device
Ring	I-Device
Local	I-Device
Area	I-Device
Networking	I-Device
,	O
and	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
servers	O
and	O
clients	O
(	O
Telnet	O
3270	B-Operating_System
&	O
5250	O
,	O
Telnet	O
Line	O
Mode	O
Network	O
Virtual	O
Terminal	O
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
and	O
simple	O
UDP	B-Protocol
clients	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TPNS	B-Application
can	O
also	O
simulate	O
devices	O
using	O
the	O
Airline	O
Line	O
Control	O
(	O
ALC	O
)	O
and	O
the	O
HDLC	O
protocols	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
full	O
implementation	O
of	O
SNA	B-Architecture
in	O
TPNS	B-Application
enables	O
it	O
to	O
simulate	O
all	O
LU	O
types	O
(	O
including	O
LU6.2	B-Protocol
and	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
)	O
,	O
PU	O
types	O
(	O
including	O
PU2.1	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
SSCP	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Finally	O
,	O
TPNS	B-Application
also	O
provides	O
extensive	O
user	O
exit	O
access	O
to	O
its	O
internal	O
processes	B-Application
to	O
enable	O
the	O
simulation	O
of	O
user-defined	O
(	O
home-grown	O
)	O
line	B-Operating_System
disciplines	I-Operating_System
,	O
communications	O
protocols	O
,	O
devices	O
(	O
terminals	B-General_Concept
and	O
printers	O
)	O
and	O
programs	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
TPNS	B-Application
is	O
therefore	O
the	O
appropriate	O
test	B-Application
tool	I-Application
for	O
installations	O
that	O
need	O
to	O
test	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
either	O
the	O
entire	O
system	O
configuration	O
path	O
of	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
components	O
,	O
from	O
the	O
teleprocessing	O
line	O
interface	O
(	O
modem	B-Application
,	O
for	O
example	O
)	O
all	O
the	O
way	O
to	O
the	O
subsystem	O
(	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
TSO/ISPF	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
the	O
application	O
and	O
finally	O
to	O
the	O
file	O
or	O
database	O
record	O
(	O
disk	B-Device
I/O	B-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
back	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
configuration	O
,	O
TPNS	B-Application
transmits	O
its	O
generated	O
data	O
traffic	O
from	O
its	O
MVS	B-Application
address	B-General_Concept
space	I-General_Concept
,	O
first	O
across	O
a	O
channel-adapter	B-Device
to	O
its	O
TPNS	B-Application
Control	O
Program	O
(	O
TPNCP	O
)	O
running	O
in	O
a	O
dedicated	O
IBM	B-Device
37x5	I-Device
Communications	I-Device
Controller	I-Device
,	O
and	O
then	O
across	O
teleprocessing	O
lines	O
connected	O
back-to-back	O
between	O
the	O
TPNCP	O
and	O
the	O
target	O
IBM	O
37x5	O
channel-attached	O
to	O
the	O
host	O
system	O
(	O
server	O
)	O
under	O
test	O
and	O
its	O
subsystems	O
,	O
applications	O
and	O
databases/files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
or	O
only	O
application	O
systems	O
and	O
their	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
components	O
,	O
from	O
the	O
networking	O
access	O
method	O
API	B-General_Concept
(	O
either	O
the	O
VTAM	B-Application
API	B-General_Concept
or	O
the	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
High	O
Performance	O
Native	O
Sockets	O
,	O
or	O
Macro	O
,	O
API	B-General_Concept
)	O
to	O
the	O
subsystem	O
(	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
TSO/ISPF	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
the	O
application	O
and	O
finally	O
to	O
the	O
file	O
or	O
database	O
record	O
(	O
disk	B-Device
I/O	B-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
back	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
:	O
In	O
this	O
configuration	O
,	O
TPNS	B-Application
transmits	O
its	O
generated	O
data	O
traffic	O
from	O
its	O
MVS	B-Application
address	B-General_Concept
space	I-General_Concept
to	O
the	O
target	O
application	O
directly	O
across	O
the	O
networking	O
access	O
method	O
's	O
API	B-General_Concept
and	O
does	O
not	O
,	O
therefore	O
,	O
require	O
a	O
dedicated	O
IBM	B-Device
37x5	I-Device
Communications	I-Device
Controller	I-Device
to	O
run	O
its	O
TPNCP	O
,	O
or	O
any	O
other	O
networking	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
components	O
except	O
the	O
networking	O
access	O
method	O
(	O
VTAM	B-Application
or	O
IBM	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
for	O
MVS	B-Application
)	O
that	O
already	O
runs	O
inor	O
is	O
already	O
network-connected	O
tothe	O
host	O
system	O
(	O
server	O
)	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WSim	O
fully	O
supports	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
TPNS-simulated	O
devices	O
and	O
programmed	O
resources	O
:	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
,	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
servers	O
and	O
clients	O
(	O
Telnet	O
3270	B-Operating_System
&	O
5250	O
,	O
Telnet	O
Line	O
Mode	O
Network	O
Virtual	O
Terminal	O
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
and	O
simple	O
UDP	B-Protocol
clients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
SNA	B-Architecture
LU	O
simulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WSim	O
is	O
therefore	O
the	O
appropriate	O
test	B-Application
tool	I-Application
for	O
installations	O
that	O
need	O
to	O
test	O
application	O
systems	O
and	O
their	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
components	O
,	O
from	O
the	O
networking	O
access	O
method	O
API	B-General_Concept
(	O
either	O
the	O
VTAM	B-Application
API	B-General_Concept
or	O
the	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
High	O
Performance	O
Native	O
Sockets	O
,	O
or	O
Macro	O
,	O
API	B-General_Concept
)	O
to	O
the	O
subsystem	O
(	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
TSO/ISPF	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
)	O
,	O
the	O
application	O
and	O
finally	O
to	O
the	O
file	O
or	O
database	O
record	O
(	O
disk	B-Device
I/O	B-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
back	O
;	O
that	O
is	O
to	O
say	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
install	O
any	O
networking	O
hardware	O
and	O
software	O
components	O
except	O
the	O
networking	O
access	O
method	O
(	O
VTAM	B-Application
or	O
IBM	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
for	O
MVS	B-Application
)	O
that	O
already	O
runs	O
inor	O
is	O
already	O
network-connected	O
tothe	O
host	O
system	O
(	O
server	O
)	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
its	O
use	O
as	O
a	O
test	B-Application
tool	I-Application
exchanging	O
message	O
traffic	O
with	O
a	O
system	O
under	O
test	O
,	O
TPNS/Wsim	O
has	O
been	O
deployed	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
as	O
a	O
systems	B-Application
management	I-Application
tool	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
an	O
online	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
from	O
the	O
end-user	O
'	O
s	O
perspective	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
as	O
a	O
software	O
development	O
tool	O
for	O
prototyping	O
software	B-Application
programs	I-Application
during	O
the	O
development	O
process	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TPNS	B-Application
initially	O
provided	O
its	O
own	O
'	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
 '	O
,	O
a	O
high-level	O
,	O
macro	O
assembler-like	O
language	O
with	O
programming	O
statements	O
and	O
operands	O
that	O
a	O
test	O
programmer	O
would	O
use	O
to	O
define	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
configuration	O
of	O
the	O
network	O
device(s )	O
to	O
be	O
simulated	O
(	O
NTWRK	O
definitions	O
,	O
simply	O
called	O
the	O
network	O
)	O
,	O
typically	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
terminal(s )	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
IBM	B-Operating_System
3270	I-Operating_System
display	O
screen(s )	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
defined	O
,	O
these	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
are	O
executed	O
during	O
the	O
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
when	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
program	O
ITPENTER	O
(	O
the	O
simulator	O
)	O
processes	B-Application
the	O
submitted	O
statements	O
and	O
creates	O
data	O
streams	O
in	O
the	O
required	O
formats	O
and	O
protocols	O
,	O
prior	O
to	O
sending	O
them	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
under	O
test	O
as	O
if	O
they	O
had	O
originated	O
from	O
real	O
user(s )	O
operating	O
real	O
terminal(s )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
simulation	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
keeps	O
a	O
log	O
(	O
on	O
tape	O
or	O
disk	B-Device
)	O
of	O
all	O
messages	O
exchanged	O
between	O
the	O
simulated	O
device(s )	O
and	O
the	O
real	O
application(s )	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
simulation	O
has	O
completed	O
,	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
can	O
therefore	O
run	O
any	O
of	O
three	O
TPNS-supplied	O
log	O
analysis	O
utilities	O
to	O
list	O
and	O
review	O
the	O
data	O
exchanges	O
in	O
detail	O
(	O
ITPLL	O
)	O
,	O
to	O
calculate	O
and	O
print	O
response	O
times	O
reports	O
(	O
ITPRESP	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
3270	B-Operating_System
screen	O
images	O
logged	O
during	O
two	O
simulation	O
runs	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
script(s )	O
and	O
report	O
on	O
differences	O
between	O
them	O
(	O
ITPCOMP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
TPNS	B-Application
was	O
re-packaged	O
and	O
renamed	O
'	O
WSim	O
 '	O
in	O
2002	O
,	O
the	O
term	O
'	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
 '	O
was	O
changed	O
to	O
'	O
WSim	O
language	O
 '	O
in	O
the	O
product	O
publications	O
;	O
however	O
,	O
the	O
existing	O
nomenclature	O
was	O
maintained	O
and	O
all	O
TPNS	B-Application
components	O
re-packaged	O
into	O
WSimsuch	O
as	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
program	O
names	O
and	O
message	O
numbers	O
(	O
ITPxxxxx	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
exampleretained	O
their	O
existing	O
identity	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V3R1	O
(	O
1989	O
)	O
,	O
IBM	O
added	O
the	O
Structured	O
Translator	O
Languageor	O
'	O
STL	O
 '	O
,	O
a	O
TPNS	B-Application
high-level	O
scripting	O
language	O
with	O
a	O
syntax	O
based	O
on	O
REXXto	O
make	O
it	O
easier	O
for	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
to	O
be	O
written	O
by	O
programmers	O
familiar	O
with	O
REXX	B-Language
or	O
similar	O
structured	B-Language
programming	I-Language
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
STL	O
therefore	O
made	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
write	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
,	O
not	O
only	O
for	O
the	O
usual	O
activity	O
of	O
simulated	O
terminal	O
operators	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
for	O
exchanges	O
between	O
TPNS-simulated	O
programs	B-Application
and	O
real	O
application	O
programs	B-Application
or	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
to	O
prototype	O
elements	O
of	O
an	O
ATM	O
shared	B-General_Concept
network	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scripts	O
written	O
in	O
STL	O
must	O
be	O
translated	O
into	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
before	O
the	O
simulation	O
run	O
and	O
a	O
translator	O
utility	O
(	O
ITPSTL	O
)	O
is	O
supplied	O
for	O
that	O
purpose	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
way	O
of	O
defining	O
STL	O
would	O
be	O
as	O
a	O
'	O
script	O
generation	O
language	O
 '	O
;	O
its	O
programming	O
clauses	O
are	O
identical	O
to	O
REXX	B-Language
,	O
but	O
they	O
need	O
to	O
be	O
translated	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
'	O
script-generated	O
'	O
)	O
into	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
be	O
executable	O
during	O
the	O
simulation	O
run	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
specify	O
the	O
input	B-General_Concept
data	I-General_Concept
entered	O
by	O
the	O
simulated	O
user(s )	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
related	O
actions	O
:	O
counting	O
down	O
think	O
time	O
delays	O
,	O
pressing	O
keys	O
to	O
send	O
data	O
,	O
then	O
waiting	O
for	O
responses	O
from	O
the	O
application	O
under	O
test	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
collect	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
data	O
into	O
save	O
areas	O
,	O
during	O
the	O
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
to	O
re-use	O
as	O
'	O
on	O
the	O
fly	O
 '	O
test	O
data	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
perform	O
sequential	O
file	O
I/O	B-General_Concept
(	O
QSAM	B-Application
)	O
operations	O
from	O
a	O
script	O
to	O
a	O
user-defined	O
,	O
external	O
dataset	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
specify	O
the	O
protocols	O
for	O
session	O
initiation	O
and	O
termination	O
between	O
simulated	O
programmed	O
resources	O
and	O
real	O
programs	B-Application
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
for	O
data	O
exchanges	O
between	O
them	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
WSim	O
supports	O
the	O
same	O
scripting	O
language	O
facilities	O
as	O
TPNS	B-Application
,	O
except	O
that	O
its	O
network	O
configuration	O
(	O
NTWRK	O
)	O
definitions	O
require	O
only	O
those	O
statements	O
provided	O
for	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
,	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
servers	O
and	O
clients	O
(	O
Telnet	O
3270	B-Operating_System
&	O
5250	O
,	O
Telnet	O
Line	O
Mode	O
Network	O
Virtual	O
Terminal	O
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
and	O
simple	O
UDP	B-Protocol
clients	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
SNA	B-Architecture
LU	O
simulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
benefits	O
of	O
using	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
is	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
be	O
run	O
repeatedly	O
throughout	O
the	O
test	O
cycle	O
,	O
as	O
functional	O
errors	O
in	O
the	O
application	O
under	O
test	O
and/or	O
system-wide	O
defects	O
are	O
gradually	O
resolved	O
over	O
time	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
reliability	O
,	O
capacity	O
or	O
performance	O
of	O
any	O
,	O
or	O
all	O
,	O
hardware	O
or	O
software	O
components	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
functional	O
and	O
regression	O
testing	O
,	O
test	O
programmers	O
would	O
typically	O
define	O
a	O
network	O
of	O
just	O
one	O
simulated	O
terminal	O
executing	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
tailored	O
to	O
evaluate	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
set	O
of	O
transactions	O
(	O
database	O
enquiry	O
or	O
data	O
entry	O
)	O
serially	O
,	O
and	O
at	O
slow	O
or	O
average	O
rates	O
of	O
message	O
traffic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
system	O
testing	O
,	O
performance/capacity	O
testing	O
,	O
stress	O
testing	O
and	O
benchmarking	O
,	O
the	O
same	O
test	O
programmers	O
would	O
define	O
large	O
networks	O
of	O
dozens	O
or	O
even	O
thousands	O
of	O
simulated	O
terminals	B-General_Concept
,	O
each	O
runningfor	O
examplea	O
range	O
of	O
these	O
functional	B-Application
test	I-Application
scripts	O
,	O
now	O
grouped	O
together	O
to	O
exercise	O
as	O
many	O
system	O
components	O
as	O
possible	O
at	O
high	O
rates	O
of	O
message	O
traffic	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
TPNS	B-Application
provides	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
solutions	O
to	O
automate	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
test	B-General_Concept
scripts	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
script	O
generation	O
facilities	O
described	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
three	O
sections	O
are	O
also	O
available	O
in	O
Workload	O
Simulator	O
for	O
z/OS	B-Application
and	O
S/390	B-Device
(	O
WSim	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
is	O
a	O
'	O
pass-through	O
&	O
data	O
intercept	O
 '	O
VTAM	B-Application
application	O
(	O
ITPIDC	O
)	O
controlled	O
by	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
from	O
one	O
real	O
3270	B-Operating_System
display	O
screen	O
in	O
session	O
with	O
a	O
target	O
application	O
for	O
which	O
a	O
script	O
is	O
required	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ITPIDC	O
maintains	O
two	O
SNA	B-Architecture
sessions	O
simultaneously	O
:	O
a	O
primary	O
LU	O
session	O
with	O
the	O
real	O
3270	B-Operating_System
terminal	I-Operating_System
operated	O
by	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
secondary	O
LU	O
session	O
with	O
the	O
target	O
application	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
data	O
captureor	O
'	O
recording'session	O
,	O
ITPIDC	O
logs	O
the	O
data	O
traffic	O
exchanged	O
between	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
's	O
real	O
3270	B-Operating_System
device	O
and	O
the	O
target	O
application	O
,	O
and	O
then	O
uses	O
that	O
log	O
to	O
generate	O
the	O
equivalent	O
script	O
,	O
in	O
either	O
of	O
the	O
two	O
scripting	O
languages	O
(	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
or	O
STL	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
IDC	O
log	O
dataset	O
is	O
in	O
exactly	O
the	O
same	O
format	O
as	O
the	O
log	O
dataset	O
TPNS	B-Application
creates	O
during	O
a	O
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
input	O
to	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
post-processing	O
utilities	O
to	O
print	O
its	O
contents	O
,	O
to	O
calculate	O
response	O
times	O
of	O
the	O
IDC	O
session	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
screen	O
images	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
capture	O
session	O
with	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
log	O
obtained	O
by	O
running	O
the	O
IDC-generated	O
script	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
capturing	O
the	O
activity	O
of	O
a	O
production	O
network	O
consisting	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
many	O
3270	B-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
the	O
3270	B-Operating_System
trace	O
reformatter	O
and	O
script	O
generator	O
processes	B-Application
the	O
trace	O
dataset	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
IBM	O
Network	O
Performance	O
Monitor	O
(	O
NPM	O
V1R4	O
or	O
later	O
)	O
VTAM	B-Application
PIU	O
log	O
(	O
FNMVLOG	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
the	O
IBM	O
VTAM	B-Application
(	O
V4R1	O
or	O
later	O
)	O
Full	O
Buffer	O
Trace	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
script	O
generator	O
processes	B-Application
the	O
trace	O
dataset	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
IBM	O
Network	O
Performance	O
Monitor	O
(	O
NPM	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
by	O
the	O
IBM	O
VTAM	B-Application
Buffer	O
Trace	O
in	O
conjunction	O
with	O
the	O
IBM	O
Generalized	O
Trace	O
Facility	O
(	O
GTF	O
)	O
,	O
when	O
tracing	O
a	O
production	O
network	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
many	O
3270	B-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
devices	O
of	O
various	O
types	O
and	O
protocols	O
,	O
including	O
LU0	O
,	O
LU1	O
,	O
LU2	O
,	O
LU4	O
,	O
LU	B-Protocol
6.2	I-Protocol
and	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
script	O
generation	O
,	O
it	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
to	O
use	O
the	O
LU	B-Protocol
6.2	I-Protocol
trace	O
dataset	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
OS/2	O
Communications	O
Manager	O
(	O
CM/2	O
)	O
or	O
the	O
IBM	O
Communications	O
Server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Different	O
TPNS-supplied	O
utilities	O
reformat	O
any	O
of	O
these	O
various	O
trace	O
datasets	O
into	O
a	O
single-format	O
dataset	O
used	O
as	O
input	O
to	O
the	O
script	O
generator	O
(	O
ITPSGEN	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
produces	O
scripts	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
optionally	O
in	O
either	O
language	O
(	O
TPNS	B-Application
language	O
or	O
STL	O
)	O
for	O
all	O
supported	O
device	O
types	O
except	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
programmed	O
resources	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
only	O
in	O
STL	O
for	O
CPI-C	B-Architecture
programmed	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
script	O
generator	O
is	O
unique	O
to	O
WSim	O
and	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
December	O
2015	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
processes	B-Application
a	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
trace	O
dataset	O
produced	O
by	O
the	O
WSim-supplied	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
Trace	O
Utility	O
(	O
ITPIPTRX	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
invokes	O
the	O
z/OS	B-Application
Communication	O
Server	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
,	O
application-controlled	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
trace	O
Network	O
Management	O
Interface	O
(	O
NMI	O
)	O
to	O
capture	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
data	O
trace	O
records	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
trace	O
records	O
contain	O
HTTP	B-Protocol
messages	O
(	O
packets	O
and	O
data	O
)	O
exchanged	O
between	O
a	O
server	O
and	O
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
script	O
generator	O
(	O
ITPIPGEN	O
)	O
then	O
processes	B-Application
this	O
trace	O
dataset	O
and	O
creates	O
a	O
script	O
,	O
in	O
the	O
STL	O
language	O
,	O
which	O
replicates	O
the	O
communication	O
that	O
occurred	O
between	O
the	O
server	O
and	O
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
separate	O
utility	O
(	O
ITPIPFMT	O
)	O
is	O
also	O
supplied	O
to	O
format	O
and	O
print	O
the	O
contents	O
of	O
the	O
trace	O
dataset	O
created	O
by	O
the	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
Trace	O
Utility	O
(	O
ITPIPTRX	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
editing	O
can	O
be	O
done	O
directly	O
into	O
the	O
NTWRK	O
and	O
MSGTXT	O
datasets	O
,	O
or	O
through	O
the	O
services	O
of	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
Test	O
Manager	O
(	O
or	O
its	O
affiliated	O
WSim	O
Test	O
Manager	O
)	O
which	O
,	O
like	O
TPNS	B-Application
(	O
and	O
WSim	O
)	O
,	O
also	O
runs	O
under	O
TSO/ISPF.The	O
Test	O
Manager	O
is	O
a	O
knowledge-based	B-General_Concept
,	O
interactive	O
usability	O
tool	O
designed	O
to	O
boost	O
the	O
productivity	O
of	O
test	O
personnel	O
,	O
and	O
to	O
optimize	O
the	O
test	O
cycle	O
by	O
enabling	O
test	O
projects	O
to	O
be	O
organized	O
methodically	O
during	O
the	O
development	O
and	O
execution	O
of	O
test	O
cases	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
subsequent	O
analysis	O
of	O
test	O
results	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Once	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
program	O
ITPENTER	O
(	O
the	O
simulator	O
)	O
has	O
been	O
submitted	O
for	O
execution	O
and	O
is	O
up	O
and	O
running	O
,	O
test	O
personnel	O
can	O
use	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
TPNS-specific	O
operator	O
commands	O
to	O
initialise	O
,	O
start	O
,	O
alter	O
,	O
and	O
stop	O
the	O
execution	O
of	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
TPNS	B-Application
networks	O
and	O
their	O
associated	O
scripts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
early	O
releases	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
ran	O
as	O
a	O
MVS	B-Application
procedure	O
controlled	O
from	O
the	O
MVS	B-Application
operator	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
generated	O
data	O
traffic	O
was	O
transmitted	O
from	O
its	O
MVS	B-Application
address	B-General_Concept
space	I-General_Concept
,	O
first	O
across	O
a	O
channel-adapter	B-Device
to	O
its	O
TPNS	B-Application
Control	O
Program	O
(	O
TPNCP	O
)	O
running	O
in	O
a	O
dedicated	O
IBM	B-Device
37x5	I-Device
Communications	I-Device
Controller	I-Device
,	O
and	O
then	O
across	O
teleprocessing	O
lines	O
connected	O
back-to-back	O
between	O
the	O
TPNCP	O
and	O
the	O
target	O
IBM	O
37x5	O
channel-attached	O
to	O
the	O
host	O
system	O
under	O
test	O
and	O
its	O
application	O
subsystems	O
(	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
TSO/ISPF	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V1R5	O
(	O
1979	O
)	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
was	O
enhanced	O
to	O
run	O
from	O
a	O
TSO	B-Application
command	B-Operating_System
list	I-Operating_System
(	O
in	O
the	O
TSO	B-Application
user	O
address	B-General_Concept
space	I-General_Concept
)	O
and	O
therefore	O
to	O
operate	O
simulations	O
from	O
a	O
remote	O
display	O
terminal	O
in	O
the	O
VTAM	B-Application
network	O
instead	O
of	O
the	O
MVS	B-Application
system	O
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V2R3	O
(	O
1985	O
)	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
was	O
enhanced	O
to	O
run	O
as	O
a	O
VTAM	B-Application
application	O
,	O
thus	O
sending	O
the	O
data	O
traffic	O
generated	O
by	O
its	O
simulated	O
terminals	B-General_Concept
or	O
programmed	O
resources	O
(	O
now	O
defined	O
as	O
VTAM	B-Application
logical	O
units	O
)	O
via	O
the	O
VTAM	B-Application
API	B-General_Concept
to	O
the	O
application	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
removed	O
the	O
requirement	O
for	O
a	O
37x5	O
and	O
other	O
dedicated	O
teleprocessing	O
hardware	O
when	O
using	O
TPNS	B-Application
to	O
test	O
applications	O
systems	O
running	O
under	O
VTAM	B-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
ISPF	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
other	O
online	B-General_Concept
transaction	I-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V2R4	O
(	O
1987	O
)	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
was	O
enhanced	O
with	O
the	O
Display	O
Monitor	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
the	O
screen	O
images	O
of	O
a	O
simulated	O
3270	B-Operating_System
display	O
could	O
be	O
externalized	O
onto	O
a	O
real	O
3270	B-Operating_System
terminal	I-Operating_System
,	O
thus	O
enabling	O
test	O
personnel	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
ongoing	O
,	O
live	O
execution	O
of	O
a	O
script	O
during	O
the	O
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
in	O
real	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
became	O
possible	O
to	O
operate	O
TPNS	B-Application
from	O
the	O
NetView	O
console	O
and	O
,	O
in	O
turn	O
,	O
to	O
automate	O
TPNS	B-Application
simulation	O
runs	O
from	O
NetView	O
by	O
means	O
of	O
TPNS-supplied	O
NetView	O
command	B-Operating_System
lists	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V3R3	O
(	O
1992	O
)	O
,	O
all	O
TPNS	B-Application
programs	B-Application
and	O
utilities	O
(	O
ITPxxxxx	O
)	O
could	O
be	O
operated	O
entirely	O
from	O
ISPF	B-Operating_System
in	O
a	O
panel-driven	O
fashion	O
,	O
instead	O
of	O
through	O
the	O
TSO	B-Application
command	O
line	O
or	O
through	O
discrete	O
JCL	O
job	O
streams	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
TPNS	B-Application
V3R5	O
(	O
1997	O
)	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
was	O
enhanced	O
to	O
run	O
as	O
a	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
for	O
MVS	B-Application
application	O
,	O
thus	O
sending	O
the	O
data	O
traffic	O
generated	O
by	O
its	O
simulated	O
terminals	B-General_Concept
and/or	O
programmed	O
resources	O
(	O
clients	O
)	O
to	O
the	O
application(s )	O
(	O
servers	O
)	O
under	O
test	O
via	O
the	O
IBM	O
TCP/IP	B-Protocol
V3R2	O
for	O
MVS	B-Application
High	O
Performance	O
Native	O
Sockets	O
(	O
HPNS	O
)	O
API	B-General_Concept
,	O
subsequently	O
renamed	O
'	O
the	O
Macro	O
API	B-General_Concept
 '	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1998	O
,	O
IBM	O
introduced	O
the	O
Test	O
Manager	O
for	O
TPNS	B-Application
V3R5	O
which	O
added	O
substantial	O
automation	O
features	O
that	O
streamline	O
many	O
repetitive	O
tasks	O
associated	O
with	O
planning	O
,	O
preparing	O
,	O
operating	O
and	O
analyzing	O
a	O
TPNS-based	O
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
while	O
still	O
enabling	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
optionally	O
to	O
retain	O
full	O
awareness	O
,	O
in	O
real-time	B-General_Concept
,	O
of	O
the	O
events	O
unfolding	O
at	O
every	O
step	O
and	O
to	O
intervene	O
if	O
necessary	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
simulation	O
,	O
ITPENTER	O
keeps	O
a	O
log	O
(	O
on	O
tape	O
or	O
disk	B-Device
)	O
of	O
all	O
messages	O
exchanged	O
between	O
the	O
simulated	O
device(s )	O
and	O
the	O
real	O
application(s )	O
under	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
the	O
simulation	O
has	O
completed	O
,	O
the	O
test	O
programmer	O
can	O
therefore	O
run	O
any	O
of	O
three	O
TPNS-supplied	O
log	O
analysis	O
utilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
log	O
compare	O
utility	O
(	O
ITPCOMP	O
)	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
compare	O
the	O
3270	B-Operating_System
screen	O
images	O
logged	O
during	O
two	O
simulation	O
runs	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
script(s )	O
and	O
report	O
on	O
differences	O
between	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Echo	O
program	O
(	O
ITPECHO	O
)	O
is	O
supplied	O
with	O
TPNS	B-Application
(	O
and	O
WSim	O
)	O
as	O
a	O
ready-made	O
VTAM	B-Application
application	O
that	O
runs	O
in	O
the	O
system	O
under	O
test	O
as	O
a	O
target	O
for	O
messages	O
sent	O
by	O
real	O
or	O
simulated	O
3270	B-Operating_System
display	O
device(s )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
ITPECHO	O
enables	O
network	O
connectivity	O
and	O
load	O
testing	O
to	O
be	O
carried	O
out	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
set	O
up	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
a	O
production-level	O
application	O
and	O
its	O
databases	O
,	O
thereby	O
saving	O
test	O
personnel	O
the	O
effort	O
of	O
writing	O
scripts	O
or	O
allocating	O
disk	B-Device
space	O
for	O
such	O
an	O
application	O
and	O
its	O
datasets	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Rather	O
than	O
applying	O
TPNS	B-Application
as	O
a	O
test	B-Application
tool	I-Application
,	O
AVMON	O
(	O
AVailability	O
MONitor	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
TPNS	B-Application
implementation	O
designed	O
to	O
monitor	O
the	O
availability	O
and	O
performance	O
of	O
real	O
network	O
subsystems	O
running	O
in	O
production	O
(	O
NetView	O
and	O
TSO	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
TPNS-supplied	O
sample	O
AVMON	O
scripts	O
monitor	O
only	O
NetView	O
and	O
TSO	B-Application
,	O
but	O
a	O
user	O
installation	O
may	O
add	O
support	O
for	O
monitoring	O
more	O
subsystems	O
(	O
CICS	B-Application
,	O
IMS	B-Application
,	O
DB2	B-Application
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
simulation	O
run	O
,	O
AVMON	O
updates	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
log	O
dataset	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
therefore	O
be	O
processed	O
by	O
the	O
three	O
TPNS	B-Application
log	O
analysis	O
utilities	O
(	O
log	O
list	O
,	O
response	O
times	O
calculator	O
and	O
log	O
compare	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
using	O
the	O
TPNS	B-Application
Response	O
Time	O
utility	O
,	O
the	O
performance	O
statistics	O
of	O
the	O
entire	O
monitoring	O
run	O
can	O
be	O
compiled	O
into	O
a	O
single	O
report	O
,	O
thus	O
providing	O
an	O
installation	O
with	O
evidence	O
of	O
the	O
end-to-end	O
response	O
times	O
experienced	O
by	O
the	O
subsystem	O
's	O
end-users	O
.	O
</s>
