<s>
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
is	O
a	O
very	O
early	O
and	O
popular	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
IBM	B-Language
RPG	I-Language
programming	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
developed	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1960s	O
and	O
designed	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
smallest	O
IBM	O
systems	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
IBM	B-Device
1130	I-Device
,	O
IBM	B-Device
System/3	I-Device
,	O
System/32	B-Device
,	O
System/34	B-Device
,	O
System/36	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
however	O
also	O
available	O
for	O
the	O
System/370	B-Device
,	O
The	O
Singer	B-Device
System	I-Device
10	I-Device
,	O
Sperry	O
Univac	O
90/25	O
,	O
90/30	O
,	O
90/40	O
,	O
System	O
80	O
,	O
1100	O
mainframe	O
series	O
and	O
the	O
Wang	O
VS	O
Series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ICL	O
produced	O
versions	O
for	O
its	O
ICL	B-Device
2903	I-Device
system	O
and	O
for	O
VME/K	B-General_Concept
;	O
and	O
Burroughs	O
Corporation	O
produced	O
an	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
compiler	O
with	O
database	O
extensions	O
for	O
its	O
B1700	B-Device
series	O
of	O
computers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digital	O
Equipment	O
Corporation	O
had	O
their	O
own	O
implementation	O
named	O
VAX	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
for	O
VAX/VMS	B-Operating_System
systems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
enhanced	O
version	O
RPG	B-Language
III	I-Language
appeared	O
in	O
1978	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
is	O
a	O
fixed-format	O
programming	O
language	O
,	O
which	O
means	O
that	O
code	O
must	O
be	O
placed	O
in	O
exact	O
column	O
locations	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
generate	O
correct	O
results	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Every	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
program	O
executes	O
within	O
an	O
implied	O
loop	O
,	O
the	O
program	B-General_Concept
cycle	I-General_Concept
,	O
which	O
applies	O
the	O
program	O
successively	O
to	O
every	O
record	O
of	O
a	O
file	O
-	O
this	O
is	O
documented	O
via	O
a	O
"	O
Logic	O
Flow	O
"	O
diagram	O
on	O
the	O
debugging	O
template	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
concept	O
of	O
RPG	B-Language
's	O
program	B-General_Concept
cycle	I-General_Concept
fitted	O
neatly	O
with	O
a	O
cyclical	O
machine	O
that	O
read	O
cards	O
,	O
summarised	O
their	O
contents	O
and	O
prints	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
rather	O
like	O
a	O
tabulating	O
machine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Devices	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
workstation	O
(	O
WORKSTN	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
keyboard	O
(	O
KEYBORD	O
)	O
,	O
or	O
the	O
console	O
(	O
CONSOLE	O
)	O
do	O
not	O
have	O
a	O
fixed	O
number	O
of	O
records	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
the	O
job	O
and	O
therefore	O
,	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
incorporate	O
the	O
fixed-logic	O
RPG	B-Language
"	O
Last	O
Record	O
"	O
cycle	O
,	O
the	O
LR	O
indicator	O
can	O
be	O
set	O
on	O
with	O
a	O
SETON	O
instruction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
did	O
not	O
evolve	O
much	O
from	O
the	O
1977	O
implementation	O
on	O
the	O
System/34	B-Device
to	O
2000	O
when	O
the	O
Advanced/36	B-Device
was	O
discontinued	O
from	O
marketing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Third-party	O
providers	O
sold	O
more	O
than	O
200	O
different	O
assembler	O
subroutines	O
that	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
by	O
System/36	B-Device
and	O
Advanced/36	B-Device
programmers	O
to	O
exceed	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
limitations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
on	O
the	O
System/3	B-Device
,	O
32	O
,	O
34	O
and	O
36	O
including	O
the	O
Advanced/36	B-Device
was	O
the	O
64K	O
limit	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
files	O
you	O
could	O
have	O
in	O
a	O
program	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
running	O
on	O
the	O
AS/400	O
and	O
its	O
follow	O
on	O
iseries	O
and	O
IBM	O
i	O
(	O
those	O
running	O
OS/400	O
or	O
i5/OS	O
in	O
what	O
is	O
called	O
S/36E	O
(	O
execution	O
environment	O
)	O
)	O
those	O
limits	O
(	O
the	O
64K	O
bytes	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
files	O
)	O
were	O
either	O
greatly	O
expanded	O
or	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
possible	O
that	O
an	O
RPG	B-Language
program	O
will	O
not	O
use	O
any	O
F	O
specs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
permits	O
redefinition	O
of	O
data	O
areas	O
so	O
that	O
a	O
field	O
named	O
FLDA	O
might	O
occupy	O
the	O
same	O
area	O
as	O
an	O
array	O
AR	O
that	O
contains	O
8	O
elements	O
of	O
1	O
character	O
each	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Operation	O
codes	O
appear	O
in	O
columns	O
2832	O
of	O
an	O
RPG-II	O
calculation	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
CALL/PARM	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
RPG	B-Language
II	I-Language
with	O
Release	O
6.0	O
(	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
VASP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
