<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
is	O
a	O
statistical	O
test	O
for	O
goodness	O
of	O
fit	O
for	O
logistic	O
regression	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
used	O
frequently	O
in	O
risk	B-General_Concept
prediction	I-General_Concept
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
specifically	O
identifies	O
subgroups	O
as	O
the	O
deciles	O
of	O
fitted	O
risk	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
is	O
useful	O
to	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
poor	O
predictions	O
(	O
lack	O
of	O
fit	O
)	O
are	O
significant	O
,	O
indicating	O
that	O
there	O
are	O
problems	O
with	O
the	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
can	O
determine	O
if	O
the	O
differences	O
between	O
observed	O
and	O
expected	O
proportions	O
are	O
significant	O
,	O
indicating	O
model	O
lack	O
of	O
fit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
statistic	O
is	O
given	O
by	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Different	O
software	O
implementations	O
of	O
the	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
use	O
different	O
methods	O
for	O
handling	O
subjects	O
with	O
the	O
same	O
p(success )	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
cut	O
points	O
to	O
create	O
the	O
Q	O
groups	O
may	O
differ	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Hosmer	B-General_Concept
–	I-General_Concept
Lemeshow	I-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
has	O
limitations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
The	O
Hosmer-Lemeshow	B-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
is	O
for	O
overall	O
calibration	O
error	O
,	O
not	O
for	O
any	O
particular	O
lack	O
of	O
fit	O
such	O
as	O
quadratic	O
effects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
For	O
these	O
reasons	O
the	O
Hosmer-Lemeshow	B-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
is	O
no	O
longer	O
recommended	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
alternatives	O
have	O
been	O
developed	O
to	O
address	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
the	O
Hosmer-Lemeshow	B-General_Concept
test	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
