<s>
A	O
horror	B-Application
game	I-Application
is	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
genre	O
centered	O
on	O
horror	O
fiction	O
and	O
typically	O
designed	O
to	O
scare	O
the	O
player	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Unlike	O
most	O
other	O
video	O
game	O
genres	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
classified	O
by	O
their	O
gameplay	O
,	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
are	O
nearly	O
always	O
based	O
on	O
narrative	O
or	O
visual	O
presentation	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
gameplay	O
types	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
is	O
the	O
only	O
narrative-based	O
classification	O
that	O
has	O
generally	O
not	O
followed	O
this	O
pattern	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
narrative	O
genre	O
label	O
used	O
broadly	O
for	O
games	O
designed	O
to	O
scare	O
players	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
broad	O
association	O
to	O
the	O
narrative	O
theme	O
of	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
leads	O
to	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
well-defined	O
subgenres	O
of	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
gameplay-defined	O
genres	O
have	O
numerous	O
games	O
with	O
horror	O
themes	O
,	O
notably	O
the	O
Castlevania	B-Application
platform	O
game	O
series	O
uses	O
monsters	O
and	O
creatures	O
borrowed	O
from	O
numerous	O
horror	O
mythos	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
there	O
are	O
some	O
specific	O
areas	O
in	O
the	O
broad	O
horror	B-Application
game	I-Application
classification	O
that	O
have	O
been	O
identified	O
as	O
unique	O
subgenres	O
in	O
horror	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
best-defined	O
and	O
most	O
common	O
types	O
of	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
are	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
games	O
tend	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
the	O
survival	O
of	O
the	O
player-character	O
in	O
a	O
horror	O
setting	O
with	O
limited	O
resources	O
,	O
and	O
thus	O
tend	O
to	O
be	O
more	O
geared	O
as	O
an	O
action	B-Application
game	I-Application
or	O
action-adventure	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
common	O
theme	O
of	O
these	O
games	O
is	O
escape	O
or	O
survival	O
from	O
the	O
equivalent	O
of	O
a	O
zombie	B-Application
apocalypse	I-Application
,	O
with	O
weapons	O
,	O
ammunition	O
,	O
and	O
armor	O
limited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
series	O
coined	O
the	O
term	O
and	O
serves	O
as	O
the	O
prime	O
example	O
of	O
such	O
games	O
,	O
though	O
key	O
conventions	O
of	O
the	O
subgenre	O
preceded	O
the	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
series	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
notable	O
survival	O
horror	O
series	O
include	O
Alone	B-Application
in	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dark	I-Application
,	O
Clock	O
Tower	O
,	O
Fatal	B-Application
Frame	I-Application
and	O
Parasite	B-Application
Eve	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Action	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
use	O
action	B-Application
game	I-Application
elements	O
from	O
first	O
person	O
and	O
third-person	O
shooter	O
games	O
alongside	O
the	O
survival	O
horror	O
themes	O
,	O
making	O
them	O
more	O
fast-paced	O
than	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
grew	O
in	O
popularity	O
following	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
4	I-Application
in	O
2005	O
and	O
which	O
persisted	O
in	O
the	O
next	O
two	O
titles	O
,	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
5	I-Application
and	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
6	I-Application
,	O
with	O
gameplay	O
that	O
focused	O
more	O
on	O
action-oriented	O
combat	O
than	O
puzzles	O
and	O
problem-solving	O
from	O
previous	O
titles	O
(	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
7	I-Application
returned	O
to	O
the	O
series	O
 '	O
survival	O
horror	O
roots	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
action	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
include	O
The	B-Application
House	I-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dead	I-Application
series	O
,	O
the	O
Dead	B-Application
Space	I-Application
series	I-Application
,	O
the	O
Left	O
4	O
Dead	O
series	O
,	O
and	O
The	B-Application
Last	I-Application
of	I-Application
Us	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
are	O
meant	O
to	O
scare	O
the	O
player	O
through	O
emotional	O
,	O
mental	O
,	O
or	O
psychological	O
states	O
rather	O
than	O
through	O
monsters	O
or	O
other	O
scares	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
may	O
not	O
depend	O
as	O
much	O
on	O
action	O
compared	O
with	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
,	O
instead	O
giving	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
player	O
to	O
explore	O
and	O
witness	O
events	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Silent	B-Application
Hill	I-Application
series	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
also	O
based	O
on	O
survival	O
horror	O
elements	O
,	O
is	O
considered	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
defining	O
psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Frictional	O
Games	O
 '	O
Penumbra	O
and	O
Amnesia	B-Application
series	O
and	O
their	O
standalone	O
game	O
SOMA	B-Application
explore	O
ethical	O
and	O
philosophical	O
questions	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
psychology	O
,	O
motivations	O
and	O
fallible	O
sides	O
of	O
their	O
largely	O
defenceless	O
protagonists	O
,	O
subjected	O
to	O
mysterious	O
events	O
largely	O
beyond	O
their	O
control	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Games	O
with	O
an	O
emphasis	O
on	O
psychological	O
horror	O
may	O
also	O
take	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
game	O
medium	O
to	O
break	O
the	O
fourth	O
wall	O
and	O
appear	O
to	O
affect	O
the	O
player	O
's	O
computer	O
or	O
console	O
directly	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
with	O
OMORI	B-Application
,	O
Eternal	B-Application
Darkness	I-Application
and	O
Doki	B-Application
Doki	I-Application
Literature	I-Application
Club	I-Application
!	I-Application
</s>
<s>
Psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
may	O
still	O
be	O
tied	O
to	O
action-based	O
genres	O
;	O
Spec	B-Application
Ops	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Line	I-Application
is	O
a	O
third-person	O
shooter	O
but	O
with	O
a	O
psychological	O
horror	O
narrative	O
inspired	O
by	O
works	O
like	O
Heart	B-Application
of	I-Application
Darkness	I-Application
and	O
Apocalypse	O
Now	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Jump	O
scare	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
are	O
designed	O
around	O
moments	O
aimed	O
to	O
immediately	O
surprise	O
or	O
shock	O
the	O
player	O
when	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
expect	O
it	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
creating	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
dread	O
while	O
anticipating	O
the	O
next	O
jump	O
scare	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
jump	O
scares	O
may	O
be	O
elements	O
in	O
other	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
along	O
with	O
other	O
gameplay	O
aspects	O
,	O
jump	O
scare	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
are	O
generally	O
limited	O
to	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
gameplay	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Five	B-Application
Nights	I-Application
at	I-Application
Freddy	I-Application
's	I-Application
is	O
one	O
example	O
of	O
this	O
style	O
of	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
other	O
examples	O
of	O
jump	O
scare	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
include	O
Dino	B-Application
Crisis	I-Application
,	O
Outlast	B-Application
,	O
and	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reverse	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
involve	O
the	O
player	O
scaring	O
others	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
player	O
being	O
scared	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Compared	O
to	O
a	O
horror	B-Application
game	I-Application
,	O
the	O
player	O
is	O
instead	O
what	O
would	O
be	O
considered	O
the	O
antagonist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reverse	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
generally	O
involve	O
assuming	O
the	O
role	O
of	O
a	O
monster	O
or	O
villain	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Reverse	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
may	O
also	O
derive	O
from	O
an	O
original	O
horror	B-Application
game	I-Application
,	O
developed	O
as	O
a	O
sequel	O
or	O
prequel	O
to	O
the	O
original	O
,	O
intended	O
to	O
display	O
the	O
perspective	O
of	O
the	O
titular	O
antagonist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
reverse	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
include	O
Carrion	B-Application
and	O
the	O
asymmetric	O
multiplayer	O
modes	O
in	O
Dead	B-Application
by	I-Application
Daylight	I-Application
and	O
Friday	B-Application
the	I-Application
13th	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Game	I-Application
,	O
in	O
which	O
one	O
player	O
controls	O
the	O
monster	O
or	O
the	O
killer	O
that	O
is	O
chasing	O
the	O
other	O
players	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
earliest	O
rudimentary	O
attempt	O
at	O
a	O
horror	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
dates	O
back	O
to	O
as	O
early	O
as	O
1972	O
,	O
when	O
a	O
Haunted	B-Application
House	I-Application
overlay	O
was	O
included	O
with	O
the	O
first	O
video	B-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
,	O
the	O
Magnavox	B-Device
Odyssey	I-Device
,	O
inspired	O
by	O
haunted	B-Application
house	I-Application
fiction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Taito	O
's	O
classic	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
Space	B-Application
Invaders	I-Application
(	O
1978	O
)	O
has	O
also	O
been	O
cited	O
as	O
a	O
precursor	O
to	O
horror	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
,	O
as	O
it	O
involved	O
a	O
survival	O
scenario	O
where	O
an	O
alien	O
invasion	O
slowly	O
descends	O
and	O
increasingly	O
destroys	O
the	O
landscape	O
while	O
menacing	O
sound	O
effects	O
gradually	O
speed	O
up	O
,	O
which	O
created	O
a	O
sense	O
of	O
panic	O
in	O
players	O
when	O
it	O
first	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
text-based	O
adventure	O
games	O
Mystery	B-Application
House	I-Application
(	O
1980	O
)	O
and	O
The	B-Application
Lurking	I-Application
Horror	I-Application
(	O
1987	O
)	O
incorporated	O
horror	O
elements	O
through	O
their	O
textual	O
descriptions	O
of	O
rooms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ASCII	O
Corporation	O
's	O
Nostromo	O
(	O
1981	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
PC-6001	B-Device
,	O
inspired	O
by	O
the	O
science	O
fiction	O
horror	O
film	O
Alien	O
(	O
1979	O
)	O
,	O
was	O
a	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
game	I-Application
that	O
involves	O
escaping	O
from	O
an	O
invisible	O
alien	O
with	O
limited	O
available	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
notable	O
early	O
horror	B-Application
video	I-Application
game	I-Application
was	O
Haunted	B-Application
House	I-Application
(	O
1982	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
Atari	B-General_Concept
2600	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
3D	B-Application
Monster	I-Application
Maze	I-Application
(	O
1982	O
)	O
for	O
the	O
Sinclair	O
ZX81	O
,	O
while	O
not	O
containing	O
images	O
tied	O
with	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
,	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
games	O
to	O
induce	O
the	O
feeling	O
of	O
suspense	O
and	O
mystery	O
typically	O
associated	O
with	O
the	O
genre	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
more	O
graphical	O
capabilities	O
,	O
games	O
should	O
start	O
to	O
include	O
horror-related	O
imagery	O
,	O
often	O
present	O
in	O
the	O
licensed	O
games	O
based	O
on	O
horror	O
films	O
in	O
the	O
1980s	O
and	O
1990s	O
such	O
as	O
The	B-Application
Texas	I-Application
Chainsaw	I-Application
Massacre	I-Application
(	O
1983	O
)	O
,	O
Halloween	B-Application
(	O
1983	O
)	O
and	O
Friday	B-Device
the	I-Device
13th	I-Device
(	O
1989	O
)	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
games	O
inspired	O
by	O
horror	O
films	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
survival	O
horror	O
Project	B-Application
Firestart	I-Application
(	O
1989	O
)	O
inspired	O
by	O
the	O
Alien	O
films	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sega	O
's	O
Monster	B-Application
Bash	I-Application
(	O
1982	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
horror-themed	O
arcade	O
action	B-Application
game	I-Application
that	O
depicted	O
classic	O
movie	B-Application
monsters	I-Application
such	O
as	O
Count	O
Dracula	O
,	O
Frankenstein	B-Application
's	I-Application
monster	I-Application
and	O
werewolves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
horror-themed	O
action	B-Application
games	I-Application
that	O
followed	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1980s	O
included	O
Capcom	O
's	O
Ghosts	B-Application
'	I-Application
n	I-Application
Goblins	I-Application
(	O
1985	O
)	O
,	O
Konami	O
's	O
Castlevania	B-Application
(	O
1986	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Sega	O
's	O
Ghost	B-Application
House	I-Application
(	O
1986	O
)	O
and	O
Kenseiden	B-Application
(	O
1988	O
)	O
,	O
with	O
more	O
violent	O
gory	O
arcade	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
including	O
Exidy	O
's	O
Chiller	B-Application
(	O
1986	O
)	O
and	O
Namco	O
's	O
Splatterhouse	B-Application
(	O
1988	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
well-known	O
"	O
haunted	B-Application
house	I-Application
"	O
themed	O
graphic	O
adventure	O
games	O
was	O
Maniac	B-Application
Mansion	I-Application
(	O
1987	O
)	O
by	O
LucasArts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sweet	B-Application
Home	I-Application
(	O
1989	O
)	O
was	O
a	O
survival	O
horror	O
role-playing	O
video	O
game	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Japanese	O
horror	O
film	O
of	O
the	O
same	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
Capcom	O
's	O
first	O
survival	O
horror	O
title	O
,	O
directed	O
by	O
Tokuro	O
Fujiwara	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
earlier	O
designed	O
Ghosts	B-Application
'	I-Application
n	I-Application
Goblins	I-Application
and	O
later	O
went	O
on	O
to	O
produce	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
,	O
which	O
was	O
originally	O
intended	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
remake	O
of	O
Sweet	B-Application
Home	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
(	O
1995	O
)	O
by	O
Roberta	O
Williams	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
earliest	O
psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alone	B-Application
in	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dark	I-Application
(	O
1992	O
)	O
,	O
developed	O
by	O
Infogrames	O
and	O
inspired	O
by	O
H.P.	O
</s>
<s>
Lovecraft	O
fiction	O
and	O
George	O
Romero	O
zombie	B-Application
films	O
,	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
to	O
bring	O
a	O
more	O
immersive	O
presentation	O
,	O
using	O
crude	O
3D	O
figures	O
drawn	O
atop	O
a	O
2D	O
pre-rendered	O
background	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
players	O
would	O
control	O
their	O
character	O
from	O
a	O
fixed	O
camera	O
angle	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Alone	B-Application
in	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dark	I-Application
was	O
a	O
global	O
success	O
on	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sweet	B-Application
Home	I-Application
and	O
Alone	B-Application
in	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dark	I-Application
went	O
on	O
to	O
inspire	O
Capcom	O
's	O
original	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
(	O
1996	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
coined	O
the	O
"	O
survival	O
horror	O
"	O
term	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
spawned	O
the	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
franchise	O
,	O
which	O
defined	O
and	O
popularized	O
survival	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sega	O
's	O
The	B-Application
House	I-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
Dead	I-Application
(	O
1996	O
)	O
was	O
an	O
arcade	O
horror	O
shooter	O
game	O
that	O
introduced	O
fast	O
zombies	B-Application
who	O
could	O
run	O
,	O
jump	O
and	O
swim	O
,	O
whereas	O
Konami	O
's	O
Silent	B-Application
Hill	I-Application
(	O
1999	O
)	O
defined	O
and	O
popularized	O
psychological	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
were	O
inspired	O
by	O
horror	O
films	O
up	O
until	O
the	O
1990s	O
,	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
were	O
later	O
influencing	O
horror	O
films	O
by	O
the	O
2000s	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
success	O
of	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
and	O
House	O
of	O
the	O
Dead	O
sparked	O
a	O
renewed	O
interest	O
in	O
zombie	B-Application
films	O
by	O
the	O
2000s	O
,	O
influencing	O
hit	O
zombie	B-Application
films	O
such	O
as	O
28	O
Days	O
Later	O
(	O
2002	O
)	O
,	O
the	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
film	O
series	O
,	O
Dawn	O
of	O
the	O
Dead	O
(	O
2004	O
)	O
and	O
Shaun	O
of	O
the	O
Dead	O
(	O
2004	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
and	O
House	O
of	O
the	O
Dead	O
games	O
influenced	O
zombie	B-Application
films	O
to	O
move	O
towards	O
a	O
more	O
action-oriented	O
approach	O
with	O
scientific	O
themes	O
and	O
fast-running	O
zombies	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
also	O
benefited	O
from	O
indie	O
game	O
growth	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
2010s	O
,	O
since	O
outside	O
of	O
established	O
franchises	O
like	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
,	O
major	O
publishers	O
had	O
shied	O
away	O
from	O
the	O
genre	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Series	O
like	O
Frictional	O
Games	O
 '	O
Penumbra	O
series	O
and	O
Amnesia	B-Application
series	O
,	O
and	O
Red	O
Barrels	O
 '	O
Outlast	B-Application
series	O
captured	O
the	O
type	O
of	O
gameplay	O
from	O
horror	B-Application
games	I-Application
like	O
Silent	B-Application
Hill	I-Application
and	O
Resident	B-Application
Evil	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Parsec	B-Application
Productions	I-Application
 '	O
Slender	B-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Eight	I-Application
Pages	I-Application
took	O
advantage	O
of	O
the	O
popular	O
Slenderman	O
creepypasta	O
,	O
and	O
became	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
games	O
to	O
gain	O
popularity	O
from	O
viewers	O
watching	O
reactions	O
to	O
online	O
streamers	O
playing	O
the	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Five	B-Application
Nights	I-Application
at	I-Application
Freddy	I-Application
's	I-Application
series	O
by	O
Scott	O
Cawthon	O
also	O
similarly	O
captured	O
popularity	O
through	O
watching	O
streamers	O
 '	O
reactions	O
to	O
jump-scares	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
recently	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
2020s	O
,	O
indie	O
horrors	O
games	O
have	O
found	O
a	O
new	O
aesthetic	O
based	O
on	O
emulating	O
the	O
graphic	O
style	O
of	O
older	O
platforms	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
low-poly	O
graphics	O
of	O
the	O
first	B-Device
PlayStation	I-Device
console	I-Device
or	O
even	O
pixel	O
art	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
high	O
realism	O
from	O
modern	O
3D	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
