<s>
Horde	B-Language
is	O
a	O
free	B-Application
web-based	B-Application
groupware	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
components	O
of	O
this	O
groupware	B-Application
rest	O
on	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
framework	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
PHP-based	O
framework	B-Application
provides	O
all	O
the	O
elements	O
required	O
for	O
rapid	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
development	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horde	B-Language
offers	O
applications	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
Horde	B-Application
IMP	I-Application
email	O
client	O
,	O
a	O
groupware	B-Application
package	O
(	O
calendar	O
,	O
notes	O
,	O
tasks	O
,	O
file	O
manager	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
wiki	B-Protocol
and	O
a	O
time	O
and	O
task	O
tracking	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Horde	B-Language
framework	B-Application
evolved	O
from	O
the	O
IMP	B-Application
(	O
Internet	O
Messaging	O
Project	O
)	O
webmail	B-Protocol
that	O
Chuck	O
Hagenbuch	O
published	O
on	O
Freshmeat	O
in	O
1998	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
constant	O
stream	O
of	O
feature	O
requests	O
not	O
all	O
fitting	O
for	O
a	O
webmail	B-Protocol
application	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
more	O
generic	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
backbone	O
:	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
framework	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
release	O
of	O
Horde	B-Language
2.0	O
and	O
IMP	B-Application
3.0	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
one	O
with	O
two	O
truly	O
separate	O
components	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horde	B-Language
as	O
a	O
generic	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
framework	I-Application
primarily	O
supported	O
the	O
webmail	B-Protocol
as	O
well	O
as	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
groupware	B-Application
applications	O
by	O
the	O
time	O
Horde	B-Language
3.0	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horde	B-Language
is	O
the	O
software	O
used	O
for	O
webmail	B-Protocol
offered	O
by	O
SAPO	O
which	O
serves	O
several	O
million	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
software	O
has	O
been	O
packaged	O
for	O
all	O
major	O
Linux	O
distributions	O
and	O
is	O
available	O
as	O
a	O
component	O
in	O
hosting	O
tools	O
such	O
as	O
Plesk	B-Language
or	O
cPanel	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
Horde	B-Language
4.0	O
in	O
2011	O
the	O
framework	B-Application
saw	O
significant	O
architectural	O
changes	O
,	O
a	O
split	O
into	O
nearly	O
a	O
hundred	O
separate	O
PEAR	B-Application
packages	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
preparing	O
the	O
last	O
Horde	B-Language
3	O
maintenance	O
release	O
in	O
February	O
2012	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
developers	O
discovered	O
that	O
hackers	O
breached	O
the	O
security	O
of	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
FTP	O
server	O
and	O
managed	O
to	O
place	O
a	O
backdoor	O
into	O
three	O
of	O
the	O
distributed	O
packages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
the	O
tainted	O
packages	O
was	O
picked	O
up	O
by	O
the	O
unstable	O
branches	O
of	O
Debian	O
and	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
and	O
were	O
fixed	O
immediately	O
after	O
the	O
successful	O
attack	O
was	O
disclosed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
attackers	O
did	O
not	O
modify	O
the	O
newer	O
Horde	B-Language
4	O
sources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Horde	B-Language
framework	B-Application
contains	O
the	O
following	O
applications	O
and	O
application	O
groups	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IMP	B-Application
-	O
a	O
web-based	B-Protocol
email	I-Protocol
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MIMP	O
-	O
a	O
stripped-down	O
version	O
of	O
IMP	B-Application
for	O
use	O
on	O
devices	O
with	O
a	O
small	O
screen	O
or	O
limited	O
HTML	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sork	O
-	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
four	O
other	O
Horde	B-Language
modules	O
(	O
accounts	O
,	O
forwards	O
,	O
passwd	O
,	O
and	O
vacation	O
)	O
which	O
together	O
perform	O
various	O
account	O
management	O
functions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nag	B-Language
-	O
a	O
multiuser	O
task	O
list	O
manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Turba	O
-	O
a	O
Horde	B-Language
address	O
book	O
/	O
contact	O
manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horde	B-Language
Groupware	I-Language
Webmail	B-Protocol
Edition	O
extends	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
Groupware	I-Language
by	O
the	O
Horde	B-Language
e-mail	O
applications	O
IMP	B-Application
and	O
Ingo	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chora	B-Language
–	O
a	O
version	O
control	O
repository	O
viewer	O
supporting	O
CVS	B-Application
and	O
Subversion	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Horde	B-Language
was	O
the	O
web	O
client	O
for	O
the	O
Kolab	B-Language
groupware	B-Application
system	O
up	O
until	O
version	O
3	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
also	O
integrated	O
into	O
the	O
Plesk	B-Language
Server	O
management	O
software	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
integrated	O
into	O
cPanel	B-Protocol
&	I-Protocol
WHM	I-Protocol
until	O
version	O
108	O
.	O
</s>
