<s>
A	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
type	O
of	O
3D	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
that	O
utilizes	O
light	O
diffraction	O
to	O
display	O
a	O
three-dimensional	O
image	O
to	O
the	O
viewer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
are	O
distinguished	O
from	O
other	O
forms	O
of	O
3D	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
in	O
that	O
they	O
do	O
not	O
require	O
the	O
viewer	O
to	O
wear	O
any	O
special	O
glasses	O
or	O
use	O
external	O
equipment	O
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
see	O
the	O
image	O
,	O
and	O
do	O
not	O
cause	O
the	O
vergence-accommodation	O
conflict	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
commercially	O
available	O
3D	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
are	O
advertised	O
as	O
being	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
,	O
but	O
are	O
actually	O
multiscopic	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
1947	O
-	O
Hungarian	O
scientist	O
Dennis	O
Gabor	O
first	O
came	O
up	O
with	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
a	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
while	O
trying	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
resolution	O
of	O
electron	O
microscopes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
derived	O
the	O
name	O
for	O
holography	B-Algorithm
,	O
with	O
"	O
holos	O
"	O
being	O
the	O
Greek	O
word	O
for	O
"	O
whole	O
,	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
gramma	O
"	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
term	O
for	O
"	O
message.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
a	O
major	O
milestone	O
for	O
holography	B-Algorithm
because	O
laser	O
technology	O
serves	O
as	O
the	O
basis	O
of	O
some	O
modern	O
day	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
1962	O
-	O
Yuri	O
Denisyuk	O
invented	O
the	O
white-light	O
reflection	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
which	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
that	O
could	O
be	O
viewed	O
under	O
the	O
light	O
given	O
off	O
by	O
an	O
ordinary	O
incandescent	O
light	O
bulb	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1968	O
-	O
White-light	O
transmission	O
holography	B-Algorithm
was	O
invented	O
by	O
Stephen	O
Benton	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
type	O
of	O
holography	B-Algorithm
was	O
unique	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
able	O
to	O
reproduce	O
the	O
entire	O
spectrum	O
of	O
colors	O
by	O
separating	O
the	O
seven	O
colors	O
that	O
create	O
white	O
light	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1972	O
-	O
Lloyd	O
Cross	O
produced	O
the	O
first	O
traditional	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
by	O
using	O
white-light	O
transmission	O
holography	B-Algorithm
to	O
recreate	O
a	O
moving	O
3-dimensional	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2005	O
-	O
The	O
University	O
of	O
Texas	O
developed	O
the	O
laser	O
plasma	O
display	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
considered	O
the	O
first	O
real	O
3D	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
2011	O
-	O
DARPA	O
announces	O
the	O
Urban	O
Photonic	O
Sand	O
Table	O
(	O
UPST	O
)	O
project	O
,	O
a	O
dynamic	O
digital	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
tabletop	O
display	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2012	O
-	O
The	O
first	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
is	O
implemented	O
in	O
a	O
car	O
's	O
interactive	O
navigation	O
display	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2013	O
-	O
MIT	O
researcher	O
Michael	O
Bove	O
predicts	O
that	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
will	O
enter	O
the	O
mass	O
market	O
within	O
the	O
next	O
ten	O
years	O
,	O
adding	O
that	O
we	O
already	O
have	O
all	O
the	O
technology	O
necessary	O
for	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
type	O
of	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
display	I-Algorithm
is	O
capable	O
of	O
producing	O
images	O
in	O
thin	O
air	O
,	O
without	O
the	O
need	O
for	O
any	O
sort	O
of	O
screen	O
or	O
external	O
refraction	O
media	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
piston	B-Device
display	O
,	O
invented	O
by	O
Belgian	O
company	O
IMEC	O
in	O
2011	O
,	O
utilizes	O
a	O
MEMS	B-Architecture
(	O
micro-electro-mechanical	O
system	O
)	O
based	O
structure	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
display	O
,	O
thousands	O
of	O
microscopic	O
pistons	B-Device
are	O
able	O
to	O
be	O
manipulated	O
up	O
and	O
down	O
to	O
act	O
as	O
pixels	O
,	O
which	O
in	O
turn	O
reflect	O
light	O
with	O
a	O
desired	O
wavelength	O
to	O
represent	O
an	O
image	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
this	O
display	O
include	O
the	O
high	O
cost	O
,	O
difficulty	O
of	O
creating	O
large	O
screens	O
,	O
and	O
its	O
susceptibility	O
to	O
mechanical	O
failures	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
relatively	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
moving	O
parts	O
(	O
microscopic	O
pistons	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
television	O
display	O
was	O
created	O
by	O
MIT	O
researcher	O
Michael	O
Bove	O
in	O
2013	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dr.	O
Bove	O
used	O
a	O
Microsoft	B-Algorithm
Kinect	I-Algorithm
camera	O
as	O
a	O
relatively	O
effective	O
way	O
to	O
capture	O
subjects	O
in	O
a	O
three-dimensional	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Touchable	O
holograms	B-Algorithm
were	O
originally	O
a	O
Japanese	O
invention	O
that	O
became	O
further	O
developed	O
by	O
American	O
microprocessor	O
company	O
Intel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Touchable	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
technology	O
is	O
the	O
closest	O
modern	O
representation	O
of	O
the	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
that	O
one	O
might	O
see	O
in	O
sci-fi	O
movies	O
such	O
as	O
Star	O
Wars	O
and	O
particularly	O
in	O
the	O
Star	O
Trek	O
television	O
franchise	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
then	O
provides	O
haptic	B-Device
feedback	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
by	O
sending	O
an	O
ultrasonic	O
air	O
blast	O
in	O
return	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Intel	O
's	O
demonstration	O
of	O
this	O
technology	O
,	O
the	O
display	O
was	O
showcased	O
representing	O
a	O
touchless	O
,	O
responsive	B-Application
piano	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
modern	O
day	O
holograms	B-Algorithm
use	O
a	O
laser	O
as	O
its	O
light	O
source	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
hologram	B-Algorithm
,	O
a	O
laser	O
is	O
shone	O
onto	O
a	O
scene	O
that	O
is	O
then	O
reflected	O
onto	O
a	O
recording	O
apparatus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
parallax	O
holography	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
process	O
of	O
delivering	O
optical	O
information	O
in	O
both	O
the	O
x	O
and	O
y	O
directions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MEMS	B-Architecture
technology	O
allows	O
holographic	B-Algorithm
displays	I-Algorithm
to	O
incorporate	O
very	O
small	O
moving	O
parts	O
into	O
its	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
prime	O
example	O
of	O
a	O
MEMS-enabled	O
display	O
is	O
the	O
piston	B-Device
display	O
,	O
listed	O
in	O
the	O
above	O
section	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Mitsubishi	O
is	O
developing	O
a	O
hologram-like	O
'	O
aerial	O
display	O
 '	O
.	O
</s>
