<s>
In	O
solid	O
mechanics	O
,	O
structural	O
engineering	O
,	O
and	O
shipbuilding	O
,	O
hogging	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
sagging	I-Algorithm
describe	O
the	O
shape	O
that	O
a	O
beam	O
or	O
similar	O
long	O
object	O
will	O
deform	O
into	O
when	O
loading	O
is	O
applied	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hogging	B-Algorithm
describes	O
a	O
beam	O
that	O
curves	O
upwards	O
in	O
the	O
middle	O
,	O
and	O
sagging	B-Algorithm
describes	O
a	O
beam	O
that	O
curves	O
downwards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hogging	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
stress	O
a	O
ship	O
's	O
hull	O
or	O
keel	O
experiences	O
that	O
causes	O
the	O
center	O
or	O
the	O
keel	O
to	O
bend	O
upward	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sagging	B-Algorithm
is	O
the	O
stress	O
a	O
ship	O
's	O
hull	O
or	O
keel	O
is	O
placed	O
under	O
when	O
a	O
wave	O
is	O
the	O
same	O
length	O
as	O
the	O
ship	O
and	O
the	O
ship	O
is	O
in	O
the	O
trough	O
of	O
two	O
waves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sagging	B-Algorithm
or	O
dynamic	O
hogging	B-Algorithm
may	O
have	O
been	O
what	O
sank	O
the	O
Prestige	O
off	O
Spain	O
on	O
19	O
November	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2013	O
loss	O
of	O
container	O
ship	O
MOL	O
Comfort	O
off	O
the	O
coast	O
of	O
Yemen	O
was	O
attributed	O
to	O
hogging	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hogging	B-Algorithm
,	O
or	O
"	O
hog	O
"	O
,	O
also	O
refers	O
to	O
the	O
semi-permanent	O
bend	O
in	O
the	O
keel	O
,	O
especially	O
in	O
wooden-hulled	O
ships	O
,	O
caused	O
over	O
time	O
by	O
the	O
ship	O
's	O
center	O
's	O
being	O
more	O
buoyant	O
than	O
the	O
bow	O
or	O
stern	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
diagonal	O
riders	O
specified	O
in	O
her	O
original	O
design	O
to	O
resist	O
hogging	B-Algorithm
,	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
removed	O
in	O
an	O
earlier	O
refit	O
,	O
were	O
restored	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Therefore	O
,	O
sagging	B-Algorithm
can	O
reduce	O
her	O
effective	O
cargo	O
capacity	O
–	O
especially	O
if	O
her	O
loadline	O
has	O
already	O
been	O
reached	O
prematurely	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
sag	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
building	O
construction	O
,	O
the	O
sagging	B-Algorithm
of	O
beams	O
is	O
called	O
"	O
deflection	B-Algorithm
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
amount	O
of	O
deflection	B-Algorithm
varies	O
in	O
accordance	O
with	O
the	O
beam	O
's	O
stiffness	O
,	O
the	O
span	O
between	O
supports	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
load	O
it	O
carries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sagging	B-Algorithm
is	O
a	O
common	O
problem	O
in	O
older	O
houses	O
.	O
</s>
