<s>
The	O
products	O
over	O
the	O
decades	O
have	O
included	O
electronic	O
test	O
equipment	O
,	O
high	O
fidelity	O
home	O
audio	O
equipment	O
,	O
television	O
receivers	O
,	O
amateur	O
radio	O
equipment	O
,	O
robots	B-Algorithm
,	O
electronic	O
ignition	O
conversion	O
modules	O
for	O
early	O
model	O
cars	O
with	O
point	O
style	O
ignitions	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
influential	O
Heath	O
H-8	B-Device
,	O
H-89	B-Device
,	O
and	O
H-11	B-Device
hobbyist	O
computers	O
,	O
which	O
were	O
sold	O
in	O
kit	O
form	O
for	O
assembly	O
by	O
the	O
purchaser	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1947	O
,	O
Heath	O
introduced	O
its	O
first	O
electronic	O
kit	O
,	O
the	O
O1	O
oscilloscope	O
with	O
5	O
inch	O
diameter	O
cathode	B-Device
ray	I-Device
tube	I-Device
display	I-Device
(	O
CRT	B-Device
)	O
that	O
sold	O
for	O
US	O
$39.50	O
(	O
)	O
–	O
the	O
price	O
was	O
unbeatable	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
oscilloscope	O
went	O
on	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
huge	O
seller	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HW-101	O
HF	B-Algorithm
transceiver	O
became	O
so	O
ubiquitous	O
that	O
even	O
today	O
the	O
"	O
Hot	O
Water	O
One-Oh-One	O
"	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
use	O
,	O
or	O
purchased	O
as	O
used	O
equipment	O
at	O
hamfests	O
,	O
decades	O
after	O
it	O
went	O
out	O
of	O
production	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
instructions	O
usually	O
included	O
complete	O
schematic	B-Application
diagrams	I-Application
,	O
block	B-Application
diagrams	I-Application
depicting	O
different	O
subsystems	O
and	O
their	O
interconnections	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
"	O
Theory	O
of	O
Operation	O
"	O
section	O
that	O
explained	O
the	O
basic	O
function	O
of	O
each	O
section	O
of	O
the	O
electronics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
hobbyists	O
began	O
by	O
assembling	O
Heathkits	O
,	O
became	O
familiar	O
with	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
components	O
like	O
capacitors	O
,	O
transformers	B-Algorithm
,	O
resistors	O
,	O
and	O
tubes	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
motivated	O
to	O
understand	O
just	O
what	O
these	O
components	O
actually	O
did	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
1970s	O
saw	O
Heath	O
introduce	O
the	O
AJ-1510	O
,	O
an	O
FM	O
tuner	O
using	O
digital	B-General_Concept
synthesis	O
,	O
the	O
GC-1005	O
digital	B-General_Concept
clock	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
GR-2000	O
color	O
television	O
set	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heathkit	O
also	O
expanded	O
their	O
expertise	O
into	O
digital	B-General_Concept
and	O
,	O
eventually	O
,	O
computerized	O
equipment	O
,	O
producing	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
digital	B-General_Concept
clocks	O
and	O
weather	O
stations	O
with	O
the	O
new	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ET-3400	O
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
1976	O
and	O
was	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Motorola	B-Device
6800	I-Device
microprocessor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1978	O
,	O
Heathkit	O
introduced	O
the	O
Heathkit	B-Device
H8	I-Device
home	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H8	O
was	O
very	O
successful	O
,	O
as	O
were	O
the	O
H19	O
and	O
H29	O
terminals	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
H89	B-Device
"	O
All	O
in	O
One	O
"	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H8	O
and	O
H89	B-Device
ran	O
the	O
Heathkit	O
custom	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
HDOS	B-Application
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
popular	O
CP/M	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H89	B-Device
contained	O
two	O
Zilog	B-General_Concept
Z80	I-General_Concept
8-bit	O
processors	O
,	O
one	O
for	O
the	O
computer	O
and	O
one	O
for	O
the	O
built-in	O
H-19	O
terminal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H11	B-Device
,	O
a	O
low-end	O
DEC	O
LSI-11	O
16-bit	O
computer	O
,	O
was	O
less	O
successful	O
,	O
probably	O
because	O
it	O
was	O
substantially	O
more	O
expensive	O
than	O
the	O
8-bit	O
computer	O
line	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H-89	B-Device
kit	O
was	O
re-branded	O
as	O
the	O
Zenith	O
Z-89/Z	O
-90	O
,	O
an	O
assembled	O
all	O
in	O
one	O
system	O
with	O
a	O
monitor	O
and	O
a	O
floppy	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Shortly	O
after	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
Z-90	O
,	O
they	O
released	O
a	O
5MB	O
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
unit	O
and	O
double-density	O
external	O
floppy	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drives	I-Device
,	O
which	O
were	O
much	O
more	O
practical	O
for	O
business	O
data	O
storage	O
than	O
punched	O
paper	O
tapes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
H11	B-Device
was	O
popular	O
with	O
hard-core	O
hobbyists	O
,	O
Heath	O
engineers	O
realized	O
that	O
DEC	O
's	O
low-end	O
PDP-11	O
microprocessors	O
would	O
not	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
get	O
Heath	O
up	O
the	O
road	O
to	O
more	O
powerful	O
systems	O
at	O
an	O
affordable	O
price	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heath/Zenith	O
then	O
designed	O
a	O
dual	O
Intel	O
8085/8088	O
-based	O
system	O
dubbed	O
the	O
H100	B-Device
(	O
or	O
Z-100	B-Device
,	O
in	O
preassembled	O
form	O
,	O
sold	O
by	O
ZDS	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
H100	B-Device
was	O
interesting	O
in	O
that	O
it	O
could	O
run	O
either	O
the	O
CP/M	B-Application
operating	I-Application
system	I-Application
,	O
or	O
their	O
OEM	O
version	O
of	O
MS-DOS	B-Application
named	O
Z-DOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
which	O
were	O
the	O
two	O
leading	O
business	O
PC	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
the	O
machine	O
had	O
to	O
be	O
rebooted	O
to	O
change	O
modes	O
,	O
the	O
competing	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
could	O
read	O
each	O
other	O
's	O
disks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1982	O
Heath	O
introduced	O
the	O
Hero-1	O
robot	B-Algorithm
kit	O
to	O
teach	O
principles	O
of	O
industrial	O
robotics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
robot	B-Algorithm
included	O
a	O
Motorola	B-Device
6808	I-Device
processor	O
,	O
ultrasonic	O
sensor	O
,	O
and	O
optionally	O
a	O
manipulator	O
arm	O
;	O
the	O
complete	O
robot	B-Algorithm
could	O
be	O
purchased	O
assembled	O
for	O
$2495	O
or	O
a	O
basic	O
kit	O
without	O
the	O
arm	O
purchased	O
for	O
$999	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
in	O
a	O
popular	O
series	O
of	O
HeathKit	O
robot	B-Algorithm
kits	O
sold	O
to	O
educational	O
and	O
hobbyist	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
2008	O
,	O
Heathkit	O
Educational	O
Systems	O
sold	O
a	O
large	O
portion	O
of	O
its	O
physical	O
collection	O
of	O
legacy	O
kit	O
schematics	B-Application
and	O
manuals	O
along	O
with	O
permission	O
to	O
make	O
reproductions	O
to	O
Don	O
Peterson	O
,	O
though	O
it	O
still	O
retained	O
the	O
copyrights	O
and	O
trademarks	O
,	O
and	O
had	O
pointers	O
to	O
people	O
that	O
could	O
help	O
with	O
the	O
older	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
limited	O
repair	O
service	O
on	O
vintage	O
products	O
,	O
reprints	O
of	O
manuals	O
and	O
schematics	B-Application
,	O
remaining	O
inventories	O
of	O
original	O
parts	O
,	O
and	O
upgrades	O
of	O
some	O
vintage	O
models	O
are	O
available	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heathkit	O
had	O
been	O
including	O
schematic	B-Application
diagrams	I-Application
of	O
nearly	O
every	O
major	O
kit	O
in	O
its	O
catalog	O
since	O
1954	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
DX-100	O
'	O
s	O
listing	O
contained	O
two	O
interior	O
pictures	O
and	O
a	O
block	B-Application
diagram	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
15-tube	O
design	O
could	O
transmit	O
either	O
CW	O
or	O
AM	B-Device
(	O
voice	O
)	O
with	O
100	O
to	O
140	O
watts	O
output	O
on	O
all	O
seven	O
short	O
wave	O
amateur	O
bands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
year	O
they	O
introduced	O
two	O
scaled-down	O
transmitters	O
:	O
the	O
CW-only	O
DX-20	O
model	O
,	O
meant	O
for	O
beginners	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
DX-35	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
both	O
CW	O
and	O
AM	B-Device
phone	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SB-10	O
SSB	B-Device
adapter	O
was	O
introduced	O
in	O
1959	O
to	O
enable	O
both	O
the	O
Apache	O
and	O
DX-100	O
to	O
operate	O
on	O
the	O
new	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
year	O
later	O
these	O
units	O
were	O
reborn	O
as	O
the	O
HX-20	O
transmitter	O
and	O
HR-20	O
receiver	O
(	O
and	O
were	O
no	O
longer	O
given	O
names	O
)	O
,	O
capable	O
of	O
SSB	B-Device
operation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HX-10	O
Marauder	O
was	O
a	O
redesigned	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
Apache	O
,	O
operating	O
on	O
SSB	B-Device
without	O
an	O
external	O
adapter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
last	O
new	O
entry	O
in	O
the	O
tribes	O
generation	O
was	O
the	O
HX-30	O
transmitter	O
and	O
HA-20	O
linear	O
amplifier	O
,	O
both	O
capable	O
of	O
SSB	B-Device
operation	O
on	O
the	O
six	O
meter	O
(	O
50MHz	O
)	O
band	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Heathkit	O
also	O
brought	O
out	O
a	O
pair	O
of	O
single	O
band	O
,	O
low	O
power	O
,	O
CW	O
and	O
AM	B-Device
phone	O
VHF	O
transceivers	O
–	O
the	O
HW-10	O
and	O
HW-20	O
for	O
the	O
6	O
meter	O
and	O
2	O
meter	O
bands	O
,	O
respectively	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Somewhat	O
limited	O
in	O
features	O
,	O
they	O
were	O
designed	O
for	O
AM	B-Device
phone	O
operation	O
only	O
and	O
frequency	O
control	O
was	O
crystal	O
controlled	O
on	O
transmit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
covered	O
the	O
three	O
HF	B-Algorithm
Novice	O
bands	O
,	O
CW	O
only	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
crystal	O
controlled	O
but	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
the	O
HG-10	O
VFO	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
early	O
1960s	O
,	O
a	O
large	O
majority	O
of	O
amateurs	O
had	O
adopted	O
SSB	B-Device
as	O
their	O
primary	O
mode	O
of	O
voice	O
communication	O
on	O
the	O
HF	B-Algorithm
bands	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
led	O
to	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
equipment	O
that	O
was	O
specifically	O
designed	O
for	O
transceive	O
operation	O
on	O
SSB	B-Device
,	O
and	O
also	O
much	O
smaller	O
and	O
lighter	O
than	O
the	O
previous	O
generation	O
of	O
ham	O
gear	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
last	O
minute	O
,	O
four	O
page	O
,	O
center	O
insert	O
to	O
the	O
1966	O
catalog	O
titled	O
“	O
New	O
Product	O
News	O
”	O
Heathkit	O
announced	O
the	O
SB-100	O
five-band	O
SSB	B-Device
transceiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
2000	O
film	O
Frequency	O
,	O
starring	O
Dennis	O
Quaid	O
and	O
Jim	O
Caviezel	O
,	O
featured	O
a	O
Heathkit	O
SB-301	O
receiver	O
being	O
used	O
with	O
artistic	B-License
license	I-License
as	O
a	O
transceiver	O
(	O
film	O
studio	O
prop	O
)	O
,	O
although	O
the	O
SB-301	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
any	O
transmitter	O
stages	O
in	O
it	O
and	O
was	O
not	O
a	O
transceiver	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SB-series	O
would	O
continue	O
to	O
be	O
improved	O
and	O
sell	O
well	O
until	O
1974	O
and	O
the	O
arrival	O
of	O
solid	O
state	O
and	O
digital	B-General_Concept
design	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
SB-104	O
transceiver	O
,	O
its	O
accessories	O
and	O
a	O
new	O
generation	O
of	O
amateur	O
radio	O
gear	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
amateurs	O
were	O
buying	O
transceivers	O
made	O
overseas	O
being	O
produced	O
for	O
the	O
same	O
amount	O
of	O
money	O
with	O
more	O
features	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
AM	B-Device
and	O
FM	O
modes	O
that	O
the	O
Heathkit	O
SB	O
and	O
HW	O
series	O
did	O
not	O
have	O
)	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
require	O
user	O
assembly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
all	O
solid	O
state	O
with	O
100	O
watts	O
output	O
on	O
160	O
through	O
10	O
meters	O
including	O
the	O
newly	O
available	O
WARC	B-Algorithm
bands	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
late	O
1970s	O
Heathkit	O
redesigned	O
the	O
line	O
again	O
,	O
bringing	O
out	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
transceivers	O
and	O
separates	O
with	O
more	O
advanced	O
digital	B-General_Concept
features	O
and	O
new	O
styling	O
(	O
abandoning	O
the	O
green	O
motif	O
,	O
a	O
distinguishing	O
feature	O
of	O
Heathkits	O
for	O
more	O
than	O
two	O
decades	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
SS-9000	O
is	O
an	O
all	O
solid-state	O
,	O
synthesized	O
transceiver	O
covering	O
160	O
through	O
10	O
meters	O
(	O
including	O
the	O
WARC	B-Algorithm
bands	I-Algorithm
)	O
with	O
100	O
watts	O
output	O
.	O
</s>
