<s>
hdparm	B-Application
is	O
a	O
command	B-Application
line	I-Application
program	O
for	O
Linux	B-Application
to	O
set	O
and	O
view	O
ATA	B-Protocol
hard	B-Device
disk	I-Device
drive	I-Device
hardware	O
parameters	O
and	O
test	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
can	O
set	O
parameters	O
such	O
as	O
drive	O
caches	O
,	O
sleep	O
mode	O
,	O
power	O
management	O
,	O
acoustic	O
management	O
,	O
and	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
settings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GParted	B-Application
and	O
Parted	O
Magic	O
both	O
include	O
hdparm	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
turning	O
on	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
can	O
,	O
in	O
some	O
instances	O
,	O
double	O
or	O
triple	O
data	O
throughput	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Depending	O
on	O
the	O
given	O
parameters	O
,	O
hdparm	B-Application
can	O
cause	O
computer	O
crashes	O
or	O
render	O
the	O
data	O
on	O
the	O
disk	O
inaccessible	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
hdparm	B-Application
has	O
to	O
be	O
run	O
with	O
special	O
privileges	O
,	O
otherwise	O
it	O
will	O
either	O
not	O
be	O
found	O
or	O
the	O
requested	O
actions	O
will	O
not	O
be	O
executed	O
properly	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Display	O
information	O
of	O
the	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
Turn	O
on	O
DMA	B-General_Concept
for	O
the	O
first	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
Test	O
device	O
read	O
performance	O
speed	O
(	O
-t	O
for	O
timing	O
buffered	O
disk	O
reads	O
)	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
hard	B-Device
drive	I-Device
:	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
retain	O
hdparm	B-Application
settings	O
after	O
a	O
software	O
reset	O
,	O
run	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
the	O
settings	O
the	O
user	O
can	O
set	O
via	O
hdparm	B-Application
are	O
reverted	O
each	O
time	O
the	O
system	O
is	O
rebooted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
appropriate	O
place	O
that	O
exists	O
in	O
most	O
Linux	B-Application
distributions	O
is	O
the	O
/etc/rc.local	O
script	O
.	O
</s>
