<s>
This	O
article	O
summarizes	O
publicly	O
known	O
attacks	O
against	O
cryptographic	B-Algorithm
hash	I-Algorithm
functions	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
a	O
summary	O
of	O
other	O
hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
parameters	O
,	O
see	O
comparison	B-Algorithm
of	I-Algorithm
cryptographic	I-Algorithm
hash	I-Algorithm
functions	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
Security	I-Algorithm
claim	O
Best	O
attack	O
Publish	O
date	O
Comment	O
MD5	B-Algorithm
264	O
218	O
time	O
2013-03-25	O
This	O
attack	O
takes	O
seconds	O
on	O
a	O
regular	O
PC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA-1	B-Algorithm
280	O
261.2	O
2020-01-08	O
Paper	O
by	O
Gaëtan	O
Leurent	O
and	O
Thomas	O
Peyrin	O
SHA256	B-Algorithm
2128	O
31	O
of	O
64	O
rounds	O
(	O
265.5	O
)	O
2013-05-28	O
Two-block	O
collision	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA512	B-Algorithm
2256	O
24	O
of	O
80	O
rounds	O
(	O
232.5	O
)	O
2008-11-25	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA-3	B-Algorithm
Up	O
to	O
2512	O
6	O
of	O
24	O
rounds	O
(	O
250	O
)	O
2017	O
Paper.L.	O
</s>
<s>
Song	O
,	O
G	O
.	O
Liao	O
and	O
J	O
.	O
Guo	O
,	O
Non-Full	O
Sbox	O
Linearization	O
:	O
Applications	O
to	O
Collision	B-Algorithm
Attacks	I-Algorithm
on	O
Round-Reduced	O
Keccak	B-Algorithm
,	O
CRYPTO	O
,	O
2017	O
BLAKE2s	O
2128	O
2.5	O
of	O
10	O
rounds	O
(	O
2112	O
)	O
2009-05-26	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
Security	I-Algorithm
claim	O
Best	O
attack	O
Publish	O
date	O
Comment	O
MD5	B-Algorithm
264	O
239	O
2009-06-16	O
This	O
attack	O
takes	O
hours	O
on	O
a	O
regular	O
PC	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
Security	I-Algorithm
claim	O
Best	O
attack	O
Publish	O
date	O
Comment	O
MD5	B-Algorithm
2128	O
2123.4	O
2009-04-27	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA-1	B-Algorithm
2160	O
45	O
of	O
80	O
rounds	O
2008-08-17	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA256	B-Algorithm
2256	O
43	O
of	O
64	O
rounds	O
(	O
2254.9	O
time	O
,	O
26	O
memory	O
)	O
2009-12-10	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA512	B-Algorithm
2512	O
46	O
of	O
80	O
rounds	O
(	O
2511.5	O
time	O
,	O
26	O
memory	O
)	O
2008-11-25	O
Paper	O
,	O
updated	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA-3	B-Algorithm
Up	O
to	O
2512	O
BLAKE2s	O
2256	O
2.5	O
of	O
10	O
rounds	O
(	O
2241	O
)	O
2009-05-26	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
Security	I-Algorithm
claim	O
Best	O
attack	O
Publish	O
date	O
Comment	O
GOST	B-Algorithm
2128	O
2105	O
2008-08-18	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HAVAL-128	O
264	O
27	O
2004-08-17	O
Collisions	O
originally	O
reported	O
in	O
2004	O
,	O
followed	O
up	O
by	O
cryptanalysis	O
paper	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MD2	B-Algorithm
264	O
2009	O
Slightly	O
less	O
computationally	O
expensive	O
than	O
a	O
birthday	O
attack	O
,	O
but	O
for	O
practical	O
purposes	O
,	O
memory	O
requirements	O
make	O
it	O
more	O
expensive	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MD4	B-Algorithm
264	O
3	O
operations	O
2007-03-22	O
Finding	O
collisions	O
almost	O
as	O
fast	O
as	O
verifying	O
them	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PANAMA	B-Algorithm
2128	O
26	O
2007-04-04	O
Paper	O
,	O
improvement	O
of	O
an	O
earlier	O
theoretical	O
attack	O
from	O
2001	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RIPEMD	B-Algorithm
(	O
original	O
)	O
264	O
218	O
time	O
2004-08-17	O
Collisions	O
originally	O
reported	O
in	O
2004	O
,	O
followed	O
up	O
by	O
cryptanalysis	O
paper	O
in	O
2005	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RadioGatún	B-Algorithm
Up	O
to	O
2608RadioGatún	O
is	O
a	O
family	O
of	O
64	O
different	O
hash	B-Algorithm
functions	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
32-bit	O
version	O
of	O
RadioGatún	B-Algorithm
has	O
a	O
claimed	O
security	O
level	O
of	O
2304	O
and	O
the	O
best	O
claimed	O
attack	O
takes	O
2352	O
work	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2704	O
2008-12-04	O
For	O
a	O
word	O
size	O
w	O
between	O
1-64	O
bits	O
,	O
the	O
hash	B-Algorithm
provides	O
a	O
security	O
claim	O
of	O
29.5w	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RIPEMD-160	B-Algorithm
280	O
48	O
of	O
80	O
rounds	O
(	O
251	O
time	O
)	O
2006	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SHA-0	B-Algorithm
280	O
233.6	O
time	O
2008-02-11	O
Two-block	O
collisions	O
using	O
boomerang	O
attack	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Streebog	B-Algorithm
2256	O
9.5	O
rounds	O
of	O
12	O
(	O
2176	O
time	O
,	O
2128	O
memory	O
)	O
2013-09-10	O
Rebound	O
attack	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Whirlpool	B-Algorithm
2256	O
4.5	O
of	O
10	O
rounds	O
(	O
2120	O
time	O
)	O
2009-02-24	O
Rebound	O
attack	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hash	B-Algorithm
function	I-Algorithm
Security	I-Algorithm
claim	O
Best	O
attack	O
Publish	O
date	O
Comment	O
GOST	B-Algorithm
2256	O
2192	O
2008-08-18	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MD2	B-Algorithm
2128	O
273	O
time	O
,	O
273	O
memory	O
2008	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
MD4	B-Algorithm
2128	O
2102	O
time	O
,	O
233	O
memory	O
2008-02-10	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RIPEMD	B-Algorithm
(	O
original	O
)	O
2128	O
35	O
of	O
48	O
rounds	O
2011	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RIPEMD-128	B-Algorithm
2128	O
35	O
of	O
64	O
rounds	O
RIPEMD-160	B-Algorithm
2160	O
31	O
of	O
80	O
rounds	O
Streebog	B-Algorithm
2512	O
2266	O
time	O
,	O
2259	O
data	O
2014-08-29	O
The	O
paper	O
presents	O
two	O
second-preimage	O
attacks	O
with	O
variable	O
data	O
requirements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Tiger	B-Algorithm
2192	O
2188.8	O
time	O
,	O
28	O
memory	O
2010-12-06	O
Paper	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hashes	B-Algorithm
described	O
here	O
are	O
designed	O
for	O
fast	O
computation	O
and	O
have	O
roughly	O
similar	O
speeds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
most	O
users	O
typically	O
choose	O
short	O
passwords	O
formed	O
in	O
predictable	O
ways	O
,	O
passwords	O
can	O
often	O
be	O
recovered	O
from	O
their	O
hashed	O
value	O
if	O
a	O
fast	O
hash	B-Algorithm
is	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Searches	O
on	O
the	O
order	O
of	O
100	O
billion	O
tests	O
per	O
second	O
are	O
possible	O
with	O
high-end	O
graphics	B-Architecture
processors	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Special	O
hashes	B-Algorithm
called	O
key	B-Algorithm
derivation	I-Algorithm
functions	I-Algorithm
have	O
been	O
created	O
to	O
slow	O
brute	O
force	O
searches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
include	O
pbkdf2	O
,	O
bcrypt	B-Algorithm
,	O
scrypt	B-Algorithm
,	O
argon2	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
balloon	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
