<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
(	O
HMOS	O
)	O
(	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
developed	O
by	O
Huawei	O
to	O
collaborate	O
and	O
interconnect	O
with	O
multiple	O
smart	B-Device
devices	I-Device
on	O
the	B-Operating_System
Internet	I-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
Things	I-Operating_System
(	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
)	O
ecosystem	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
current	O
multi-kernel	B-Operating_System
design	O
,	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
selects	O
suitable	O
kernels	B-Operating_System
from	O
the	O
abstraction	B-Architecture
layer	I-Architecture
for	O
devices	O
with	O
diverse	O
resources	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
the	O
system	O
is	O
known	O
to	O
be	O
based	O
on	O
LiteOS	B-Operating_System
kernel	B-Operating_System
;	O
while	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
it	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
layer	O
with	O
AOSP	B-Application
compatibility	O
libraries	O
to	O
support	O
legacy	O
APK	B-Application
apps	O
,	O
in	O
addition	O
to	O
native	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
HAP	O
apps	O
via	O
the	O
Ark	O
Compiler	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
includes	O
a	O
communication	O
base	O
DSoftBus	O
for	O
integrating	O
physically	O
separate	O
devices	O
into	O
a	O
virtual	O
Super	O
Device	O
,	O
allowing	O
one	O
device	O
to	O
control	O
others	O
and	O
sharing	O
data	O
among	O
devices	O
with	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
communication	I-Operating_System
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
several	O
forms	O
of	O
apps	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
apps	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
installed	O
from	O
AppGallery	B-Application
on	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
installation-free	O
Quick	O
apps	O
and	O
lightweight	O
Atomic	O
Services	O
accessible	O
by	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
was	O
first	O
used	O
in	O
Honor	O
smart	B-Device
TVs	I-Device
in	O
August	O
2019	O
and	O
later	O
used	O
in	O
Huawei	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
tablets	B-Device
and	O
smartwatches	B-Application
in	O
June	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
executive	O
described	O
an	O
in-house	O
platform	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
plan	O
B	O
"	O
in	O
case	O
it	O
is	O
prevented	O
from	O
using	O
Android	B-Application
on	O
future	O
smartphone	B-Application
products	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
sanctions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
its	O
unveiling	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
originally	O
speculated	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
that	O
could	O
replace	O
Android	B-Application
on	O
future	O
Huawei	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2019	O
,	O
an	O
Huawei	O
executive	O
told	O
Reuters	O
that	O
the	O
OS	O
was	O
under	O
testing	O
in	O
China	O
,	O
and	O
could	O
be	O
ready	O
"	O
in	O
months	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
by	O
July	O
2019	O
,	O
some	O
Huawei	O
executives	O
described	O
the	O
OS	O
as	O
being	O
an	O
embedded	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
designed	O
for	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
hardware	O
,	O
discarding	O
the	O
previous	O
statements	O
for	O
it	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
media	O
outlets	O
reported	O
that	O
this	O
OS	O
,	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
"	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
,	O
could	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
China	O
in	O
either	O
August	O
or	O
September	O
2019	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
worldwide	O
release	O
in	O
the	O
second	O
quarter	O
of	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
24	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
Huawei	O
registered	O
"	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
as	O
a	O
trademark	O
in	O
China	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
"	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
(	O
)	O
came	O
from	O
Chinese	O
mythology	O
that	O
symbolizes	O
primordial	O
chaos	O
or	O
the	O
world	O
before	O
creation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2019	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
Huawei	O
had	O
also	O
registered	O
trademarks	O
surrounding	O
the	O
word	O
"	O
Harmony	O
"	O
for	O
desktop	O
and	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
software	O
,	O
indicating	O
either	O
a	O
different	O
name	O
or	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
the	O
OS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
9	O
August	O
2019	O
,	O
Huawei	O
officially	O
unveiled	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
at	O
its	O
inaugural	O
developers	O
 '	O
conference	O
in	O
Dongguan	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
described	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
as	O
a	O
free	B-Application
,	O
microkernel-based	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
for	O
various	O
types	O
of	O
hardware	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
focused	O
primarily	O
on	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
devices	O
,	O
including	O
smart	B-Device
TVs	I-Device
,	O
wearable	B-Operating_System
devices	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
in-car	O
entertainment	O
systems	O
,	O
and	O
did	O
not	O
explicitly	O
position	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
as	O
a	O
mobile	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
launched	O
at	O
the	O
Huawei	O
Developer	O
Conference	O
on	O
10	O
September	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
announced	O
it	O
intended	O
to	O
ship	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
on	O
its	O
smartphones	B-Application
in	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
developer	O
beta	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
was	O
launched	O
on	O
16	O
December	O
2020	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
also	O
released	O
the	O
DevEco	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
IDE	B-Application
,	O
which	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
IntelliJ	B-Language
IDEA	I-Language
,	O
and	O
a	O
cloud	O
emulator	O
for	O
developers	O
in	O
early	O
access	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
officially	O
released	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
and	O
launched	O
new	O
devices	O
shipping	O
with	O
the	O
OS	O
in	O
June	O
2021	O
,	O
and	O
started	O
rolling	O
out	O
system	O
upgrades	O
to	O
Huawei	O
's	O
older	O
phones	O
for	O
users	O
gradually	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
27	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
Huawei	O
launched	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
3	O
providing	O
an	O
improved	O
experience	O
across	O
multiple	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
printers	O
,	O
cars	O
and	O
TVs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
interface	O
is	O
based	O
largely	O
on	O
the	O
Android-based	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
contains	O
additional	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apps	O
can	O
support	O
"	O
snippets	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
expose	O
a	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
app	O
's	O
functionality	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
a	O
media	O
player	O
's	O
controls	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
weather	O
forecast	O
)	O
via	O
a	O
pop-up	O
window	O
by	O
swiping	O
up	O
on	O
their	O
icon	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
be	O
pinned	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
screen	O
as	O
a	O
widget	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apps	O
and	O
services	O
can	O
provide	O
cards	O
;	O
as	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
3.0	O
,	O
cards	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
displayed	O
as	O
widgets	O
with	O
different	O
sizes	O
and	O
shapes	O
to	O
adapt	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
screen	O
layout	O
,	O
and	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
stacked	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
user	O
interface	O
font	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
is	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
Sans	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
system	O
font	O
is	O
used	O
throughout	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
alongside	O
its	O
Android-based	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
12	O
counterpart	O
,	O
including	O
third-party	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
and	O
Android	B-Application
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	B-Application
AppGallery	I-Application
serves	O
as	O
the	O
application	O
store	O
for	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
can	O
also	O
distribute	O
Android-compatible	O
apps	O
;	O
HarmonyOS-native	O
apps	O
are	O
marked	O
with	O
its	O
logo	O
on	O
the	O
corner	O
of	O
icons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
apps	O
and	O
Android	B-Application
apps	O
are	O
allowed	O
to	O
utilize	O
Huawei	B-Application
Mobile	I-Application
Services	I-Application
as	O
an	O
option	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
HarmonyOS-native	O
apps	O
have	O
access	O
to	O
capabilities	O
such	O
as	O
distributed	O
communications	O
and	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Quick	O
apps	O
are	O
single-page	B-Application
apps	I-Application
written	O
using	O
JavaScript	B-Language
and	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
home	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
supports	O
cross-platform	O
interactions	O
between	O
supported	O
devices	O
via	O
the	O
"	O
Super	O
Device	O
"	O
interface	O
;	O
devices	O
are	O
paired	O
via	O
a	O
"	O
radar	O
"	O
screen	O
by	O
dragging	O
icons	O
to	O
the	O
centre	O
of	O
the	O
screen	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
Super	O
Device	O
features	O
include	O
allowing	O
users	O
to	O
play	O
back	O
media	O
saved	O
inside	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
through	O
a	O
paired	O
PC	O
,	O
smart	B-Device
TV	I-Device
or	O
speakers	B-Device
;	O
share	O
PC	O
screen	O
recordings	O
back	O
to	O
a	O
smartphone	B-Application
;	O
run	O
multiple	O
phone	O
apps	O
in	O
a	O
PC	O
window	O
;	O
share	O
files	O
between	O
a	O
paired	O
smartphone	B-Application
and	O
PC	O
;	O
share	O
application	O
states	O
between	O
the	O
paired	O
devices	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
platform	O
was	O
not	O
designed	O
for	O
a	O
single	O
device	O
at	O
the	O
beginning	O
but	O
developed	O
as	O
a	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
operating	I-Operating_System
system	I-Operating_System
for	O
various	O
devices	O
with	O
memory	O
sizes	O
ranging	O
from	O
128KB	O
to	O
over	O
4GB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
stated	O
that	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
would	O
initially	O
be	O
used	O
on	O
devices	O
targeting	O
the	O
Chinese	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
's	O
former	O
subsidiary	O
brand	O
,	O
Honor	O
,	O
unveiled	O
the	O
Honor	O
Vision	O
line	O
of	O
smart	B-Device
TVs	I-Device
as	O
the	O
first	O
consumer	O
electronics	O
devices	O
to	O
run	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
beta	O
launched	O
on	O
16	O
December	O
2020	O
supports	O
the	O
P30	B-Application
series	I-Application
,	O
P40	B-Application
series	I-Application
,	O
Mate	B-Application
30	I-Application
series	I-Application
,	O
Mate	B-Application
40	I-Application
series	I-Application
,	O
P50	O
series	O
and	O
MatePad	O
Pro	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
was	O
released	O
for	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
tablets	B-Device
as	O
updates	O
for	O
the	O
P40	O
and	O
Mate	B-Application
X2	I-Application
in	O
June	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
Huawei	B-Application
Watch	I-Application
,	O
MatePad	O
Pro	O
and	O
PixLab	O
X1	O
desktop	O
printer	O
models	O
shipping	O
with	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
were	O
also	O
unveiled	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
October	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
has	O
over	O
150	O
million	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
primary	O
IDE	B-Application
known	O
as	O
DevEco	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
for	O
developing	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
apps	O
was	O
released	O
by	O
Huawei	O
on	O
September	O
9	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
IntelliJ	B-Language
IDEA	I-Language
and	O
Huawei	O
's	O
SmartAssist	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
IDE	B-Application
includes	O
DevEco	O
Device	O
Tool	O
,	O
an	O
integrated	O
development	O
tool	O
for	O
customizing	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
components	O
,	O
coding	O
,	O
compiling	O
and	O
visual	O
debugging	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
other	O
third	O
party	O
IDEs	O
such	O
as	O
Visual	B-Language
Studio	I-Language
Code	I-Language
for	O
Windows	B-Application
,	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
and	O
macOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Applications	O
for	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
are	O
mostly	O
built	O
using	O
components	O
of	O
ArkUI	O
,	O
a	O
Declarative	O
User	O
Interface	O
framework	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ArkUI	O
elements	O
are	O
adaptable	O
to	O
various	O
devices	O
and	O
include	O
new	O
interface	O
rules	O
with	O
automatic	O
updates	O
along	O
with	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
updates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
primarily	O
uses	O
"	O
App	O
Pack	O
"	O
(	O
.app	O
)	O
files	O
for	O
the	O
distribution	O
of	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
App	O
Pack	O
contains	O
a	O
manifest	O
file	O
and	O
one	O
or	O
more	O
"	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
Ability	O
Packages	O
"	O
(	O
HAP	O
,	O
.hap	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
either	O
an	O
"	O
entry	O
"	O
package	O
(	O
the	O
main	O
module	O
of	O
an	O
app	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
there	O
can	O
be	O
multiple	O
instances	O
for	O
different	O
device	O
classes	O
)	O
or	O
a	O
feature	O
module	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
HAP	O
contains	O
code	O
for	O
the	O
module	O
's	O
abilities	O
,	O
resources	O
,	O
libraries	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
JSON	B-General_Concept
file	O
with	O
configuration	O
information	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
App	O
Packs	O
are	O
published	O
to	O
AppGallery	B-Application
for	O
distribution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
operating	O
system	O
contains	O
libraries	O
from	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
and	O
Android	B-Application
Open	O
Source	O
Project	O
(	O
AOSP	B-Application
)	O
to	O
provide	O
a	O
compatibility	O
environment	O
for	O
Android	B-Application
apps	O
on	O
supported	O
platforms	O
,	O
thus	O
Android	B-Application
APK	I-Application
files	O
and	O
App	B-Application
Bundles	I-Application
(	O
AAB	O
)	O
may	O
also	O
be	O
published	O
to	O
AppGallery	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
as	O
a	O
universal	O
single	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
platform	O
allows	O
developers	O
to	O
write	O
apps	O
once	O
and	O
run	O
everywhere	O
across	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
phones	O
,	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
,	O
TVs	O
,	O
cars	O
,	O
smartwatches	B-Application
,	O
single	O
board	O
computers	O
under	O
OpenHarmony	B-Device
,	O
and	O
screen-less	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
devices	O
such	O
as	O
smart	B-Device
speakers	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
June	O
2021	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
reportedly	O
around	O
500,000	O
developers	O
participated	O
in	O
developing	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
May	O
18	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
revealed	O
a	O
plan	O
to	O
upgrade	O
its	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
Connect	O
brand	O
with	O
a	O
standard	O
badge	O
during	O
a	O
summit	O
in	O
Shanghai	O
to	O
help	O
industrial	O
partners	O
in	O
producing	O
,	O
selling	O
and	O
operating	O
products	O
with	O
third-party	O
OEMs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Allowing	O
for	O
fast	O
and	O
low-cost	O
connections	O
to	O
users	O
,	O
smart	B-Device
devices	I-Device
like	O
speakers	B-Device
,	O
fridges	O
and	O
cookers	O
of	O
different	O
brands	O
powered	O
by	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
can	O
be	O
connected	O
and	O
merged	O
into	O
a	O
super	O
device	O
with	O
a	O
single	O
touch	O
of	O
smartphone	B-Application
without	O
the	O
need	O
to	O
install	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
Connect	O
sets	O
the	O
platform	O
apart	O
from	O
traditional	O
mobile	O
and	O
computing	O
platforms	O
and	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
previous	O
ecosystem	O
attempts	O
with	O
its	O
Android	B-Application
based	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
and	O
LiteOS	B-Operating_System
connectivity	O
in	O
the	O
past	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
April	O
27	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
launched	O
a	O
smart	O
cockpit	O
solution	O
powered	O
by	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
for	O
electric	O
and	O
autonomous	O
cars	O
powered	O
by	O
its	O
Kirin	O
line	O
of	O
a	O
system-on-chip	B-Architecture
(	O
SoC	O
)	O
solution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Users	O
would	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
upgrade	O
the	O
chipset	O
as	O
one	O
can	O
upgrade	O
on	O
an	O
assembled	O
desktop	O
computer	O
with	O
its	O
scalable	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
21	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
launched	O
a	O
new	O
smart	O
console	O
brand	O
,	O
HarmonySpace	O
,	O
a	O
specialized	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
vehicle	O
operating	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Based	O
on	O
Huawei	O
's	O
1+8	O
ecology	O
,	O
apps	O
on	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
tablets	B-Device
can	O
be	O
connected	O
to	O
the	O
car	O
seamlessly	O
with	O
HarmonySpace	O
,	O
which	O
also	O
provides	O
smartphone	B-Application
projection	O
capability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
23	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
announced	O
a	O
new	O
smart	O
select	O
car	O
product	O
–	O
AITO	O
M5	O
,	O
a	O
medium-size	O
SUV	O
with	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
ecosystem	O
through	O
continuous	O
AI	O
learning	O
optimization	O
and	O
over-the-air	O
upgrades	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
September	O
2021	O
,	O
Huawei	O
announced	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
MineHarmony	O
OS	O
,	O
a	O
customized	O
operating	O
system	O
by	O
Huawei	O
based	O
on	O
its	O
in-house	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
for	O
industrial	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wang	O
Chenglu	O
,	O
President	O
of	O
Huawei	O
’s	O
consumer	O
business	O
AI	O
and	O
smart	O
full-scenario	O
business	O
department	O
,	O
indicated	O
that	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
MineHarmony	O
OS	O
signified	O
that	O
the	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
ecology	O
had	O
taken	O
a	O
step	O
further	O
from	O
B2C	O
to	O
B2B	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
terms	O
of	O
architecture	O
,	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
has	O
close	O
relationship	O
with	O
OpenEuler	O
,	O
a	O
community	O
edition	O
of	O
EulerOS	O
(	O
a	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
distribution	O
)	O
developed	O
by	O
Huawei	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
have	O
inherited	O
the	O
sharing	O
of	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
sharing	O
is	O
reportedly	O
to	O
be	O
strengthened	O
in	O
the	O
future	O
in	O
the	O
areas	O
of	O
the	O
distributed	O
software	B-Architecture
bus	I-Architecture
,	O
system	O
security	O
,	O
device	O
driver	O
framework	O
and	O
new	O
programming	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
OpenHarmony	B-Device
is	O
an	O
open-source	O
version	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
donated	O
by	O
Huawei	O
to	O
the	O
OpenAtom	O
Foundation	O
,	O
built	O
around	O
a	O
LiteOS	B-Operating_System
kernel	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
supports	O
devices	O
running	O
a	O
mini	O
system	O
such	O
as	O
printers	O
,	O
speakers	B-Device
,	O
smartwatches	B-Application
and	O
any	O
other	O
smart	B-Device
device	I-Device
with	O
memory	O
as	O
small	O
as	O
128	O
KB	O
,	O
or	O
running	O
a	O
standard	O
system	O
with	O
memory	O
greater	O
than	O
128	O
MB	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
open-source	O
operating	O
system	O
contains	O
the	O
basic	O
capabilities	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
and	O
does	O
not	O
depend	O
on	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
Open	O
Source	O
Project	O
(	O
AOSP	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
runs	O
on	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
userland	O
uses	O
AOSP	B-Application
code	O
from	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
to	O
run	O
APK	B-Application
apps	O
without	O
root	B-Application
support	O
just	O
as	O
with	O
older	O
Huawei	O
EMUI-based	O
smartphones	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
OS	O
supports	O
native	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
apps	O
(	O
"	O
HAP	O
"	O
)	O
on	O
devices	O
with	O
Huawei	B-Application
Mobile	I-Application
Services	I-Application
via	O
Ark	O
Compiler	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Huawei	O
has	O
previously	O
claimed	O
that	O
all	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
versions	O
run	O
on	O
a	O
"	O
microkernel	B-Operating_System
architecture	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
has	O
since	O
walked	O
back	O
on	O
this	O
claim	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
uses	O
a	O
"	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
abstraction	B-Architecture
layer	I-Architecture
"	O
,	O
so	O
that	O
developers	O
can	O
select	O
a	O
different	O
OS	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
based	O
on	O
the	O
resource	O
limitations	O
on	O
each	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
uses	O
the	O
LiteOS	B-Operating_System
kernel	B-Operating_System
instead	O
of	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
on	O
low-powered	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
smartwatches	B-Application
and	O
IoT	B-Operating_System
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Speculations	O
of	O
Huawei	O
's	O
developer	O
tools	O
by	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
,	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
running	O
on	O
smartphones	B-Application
was	O
rumored	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
rebranded	O
version	O
of	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
"	O
with	O
nearly	O
"	O
identical	O
code	O
bases	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Following	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
beta	O
,	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
and	O
XDA	B-Application
Developers	I-Application
speculated	O
that	O
"	O
the	O
smartphone	B-Application
version	O
of	O
the	O
OS	O
had	O
been	O
forked	B-Application
from	O
Android	B-Application
10	I-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ars	O
Technica	O
alleged	O
that	O
it	O
resembled	O
the	O
existing	O
EMUI	B-Operating_System
software	O
used	O
on	O
Huawei	O
devices	O
,	O
but	O
with	O
all	O
references	O
to	O
"	O
Android	B-Application
"	O
replaced	O
by	O
"	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
also	O
noted	O
that	O
the	O
DevEco	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
software	O
built	O
based	O
on	O
JetBrains	O
open	O
source	O
IntelliJ	B-Language
IDEA	I-Language
IDE	B-Application
"	O
shared	O
components	O
and	O
tool	O
chains	O
"	O
with	O
Android	B-Application
Studio	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
DevEco	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
is	O
supposed	O
to	O
run	O
the	O
"	O
Ark	O
compiler	O
"	O
and	O
produce	O
the	O
new	O
"	O
HAP	O
"	O
app	O
format	O
,	O
which	O
highly	O
resembled	O
android	B-Application
APK	I-Application
files	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
testing	O
the	O
new	O
MatePad	O
Pro	O
in	O
June	O
2021	O
,	O
Android	B-Application
Authority	O
and	O
The	O
Verge	O
similarly	O
observed	O
similarities	O
in	O
"	O
behavior	O
"	O
,	O
including	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
possible	O
to	O
install	O
apps	O
from	O
Android	B-Application
APK	I-Application
files	O
on	O
the	O
HarmonyOS-based	O
tablet	B-Device
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
included	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
10	I-Application
easter	O
egg	O
app	O
reaffirming	O
earlier	O
rumor	O
mills	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
Huawei	O
stated	O
that	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
was	O
a	O
microkernel-based	O
,	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
that	O
was	O
completely	O
different	O
from	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Huawei	O
spokesperson	O
subsequently	O
stated	O
that	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
supports	O
multiple	O
kernels	B-Operating_System
and	O
uses	O
a	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
if	O
a	O
device	O
has	O
a	O
large	O
amount	O
of	O
RAM	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
the	O
company	O
had	O
taken	O
advantage	O
of	O
a	O
large	O
number	O
of	O
third-party	O
open-source	O
resources	O
,	O
including	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
,	O
to	O
accelerate	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
comprehensive	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
December	O
23	O
,	O
2021	O
,	O
Richard	O
Yu	O
,	O
CEO	O
of	O
Huawei	O
Consumer	O
Business	O
Group	O
claimed	O
that	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
had	O
reached	O
300	O
million	O
smartphones	B-Application
and	O
other	O
smart	B-Device
devices	I-Device
,	O
including	O
200	O
million	O
devices	O
in	O
the	O
ecosystem	O
and	O
100	O
million	O
third-party	O
consumer	O
products	O
from	O
industry	O
partners	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Market	O
research	O
conducted	O
in	O
China	O
by	O
Strategy	O
Analytics	O
showed	O
that	O
Harmony	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
was	O
the	O
third	O
largest	O
smartphone	B-Application
platform	O
after	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
iOS	I-Operating_System
and	O
Google	B-Application
Android	I-Application
,	O
reaching	O
a	O
record	O
high	O
of	O
4%	O
market	O
share	O
in	O
China	O
during	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
of	O
2022	O
,	O
up	O
from	O
zero	O
just	O
a	O
year	O
earlier	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
increase	O
in	O
market	O
share	O
took	O
place	O
after	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
was	O
also	O
launched	O
for	O
smartphone	B-Application
devices	O
in	O
June	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
was	O
reported	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
fastest	O
growing	O
smartphone	B-Application
operating-system	O
in	O
China	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
largest	O
smartphone	B-Application
market	O
in	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
research	O
claimed	O
that	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
quarter	O
of	O
2022	O
the	O
platform	O
outgrew	O
its	O
rivals	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
Apple	B-Operating_System
iOS	I-Operating_System
,	O
from	O
a	O
low	O
install	O
base	O
of	O
about	O
150	O
million	O
smart	B-Device
devices	I-Device
overall	O
,	O
particularly	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
good	O
support	O
in	O
China	O
and	O
the	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
software	O
upgrades	O
that	O
Huawei	O
made	O
available	O
for	O
its	O
older	O
handset	O
models	O
and	O
its	O
former	O
sub-brands	O
such	O
as	O
Honor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
8	O
,	O
2022	O
,	O
after	O
the	O
soft	O
launch	O
of	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
3	O
,	O
Sina	O
Finance	O
,	O
part	O
of	O
Sina	O
Corporation	O
,	O
and	O
Huawei	O
Central	O
reported	O
that	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
Huawei	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
Connect	O
devices	O
had	O
exceeded	O
470	O
million	O
units	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
summer	O
2022	O
,	O
14	O
OpenHarmony	B-Device
distributions	O
had	O
been	O
launched	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
globally	O
currently	O
has	O
just	O
about	O
a	O
2%	O
market	O
share	O
and	O
8%	O
of	O
the	O
Chinese	O
market	O
in	O
the	O
fourth	O
quarter	O
of	O
2022	O
according	O
to	O
Counterpoint	O
Research	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
Huawei	O
applied	O
for	O
registration	O
of	O
the	O
trademark	O
"	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
through	O
the	O
Chinese	O
Patent	O
Office	O
CNIPA	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
application	O
was	O
rejected	O
in	O
pursuance	O
to	O
Article	O
30	O
of	O
the	O
PRC	O
Trade	O
Mark	O
Law	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
trademark	O
was	O
similar	O
to	O
that	O
of	O
"	O
CRM	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
in	O
graphic	O
design	O
and	O
"	O
Hongmeng	B-Operating_System
"	O
in	O
Chinese	O
word	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
less	O
than	O
a	O
week	O
before	O
launching	O
HarmonyOS	B-Operating_System
2.0	O
and	O
new	O
devices	O
by	O
Huawei	O
,	O
the	O
Beijing	O
Intellectual	O
Property	O
Court	O
announced	O
the	O
first-instance	O
judgement	O
in	O
May	O
2021	O
to	O
uphold	O
the	O
decision	O
by	O
CNIPA	O
as	O
the	O
trademark	O
was	O
not	O
sufficiently	O
distinctive	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
its	O
designated	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
