<s>
HTML5	B-Application
is	O
a	O
markup	O
language	O
used	O
for	O
structuring	O
and	O
presenting	O
content	O
on	O
the	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
fifth	O
and	O
final	O
major	O
HTML	B-Language
version	O
that	O
is	O
a	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
Consortium	O
(	O
W3C	O
)	O
recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
current	O
specification	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
maintained	O
by	O
the	O
Web	B-Language
Hypertext	I-Language
Application	I-Language
Technology	I-Language
Working	I-Language
Group	I-Language
(	O
WHATWG	B-Language
)	O
,	O
a	O
consortium	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
browser	B-Application
vendors	O
(	O
Apple	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
Microsoft	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
was	O
first	O
released	O
in	O
a	O
public-facing	O
form	O
on	O
22	O
January	O
2008	O
,	O
with	O
a	O
major	O
update	O
and	O
"	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
"	O
status	O
in	O
October	O
2014	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
goals	O
were	O
to	O
improve	O
the	O
language	O
with	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
latest	O
multimedia	O
and	O
other	O
new	O
features	O
;	O
to	O
keep	O
the	O
language	O
both	O
easily	O
readable	O
by	O
humans	O
and	O
consistently	O
understood	O
by	O
computers	O
and	O
devices	O
such	O
as	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
,	O
parsers	B-Language
,	O
etc.	O
,	O
without	O
XHTML	B-Language
's	I-Language
rigidity	O
;	O
and	O
to	O
remain	O
backward-compatible	B-General_Concept
with	O
older	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
is	O
intended	O
to	O
subsume	O
not	O
only	O
HTML	B-Language
4	O
but	O
also	O
XHTML1	O
and	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
Level	O
2	O
HTML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
includes	O
detailed	O
processing	O
models	O
to	O
encourage	O
more	O
interoperable	O
implementations	O
;	O
it	O
extends	O
,	O
improves	O
,	O
and	O
rationalizes	O
the	O
markup	O
available	O
for	O
documents	O
and	O
introduces	O
markup	O
and	O
application	B-Application
programming	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
(	O
APIs	B-Application
)	O
for	O
complex	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
same	O
reasons	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
is	O
also	O
a	O
candidate	O
for	O
cross-platform	O
mobile	O
applications	O
because	O
it	O
includes	O
features	O
designed	O
with	O
low-powered	O
devices	O
in	O
mind	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
natively	O
include	O
and	O
handle	O
multimedia	O
and	O
graphical	O
content	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
,	O
and	O
elements	B-General_Concept
were	O
added	O
,	O
expandable	O
sections	O
are	O
natively	O
implemented	O
through	O
and	O
rather	O
than	O
depending	O
on	O
CSS	B-Language
or	O
JavaScript	B-Language
,	O
and	O
support	O
for	O
scalable	B-Application
vector	I-Application
graphics	I-Application
(	O
SVG	B-Application
)	O
content	O
and	O
MathML	B-Language
for	O
mathematical	O
formulas	O
was	O
also	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
enrich	O
the	O
semantic	O
content	O
of	O
documents	O
,	O
new	O
page	O
structure	O
elements	B-General_Concept
such	O
as	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
,	O
and	O
are	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
were	O
introduced	O
,	O
some	O
elements	B-General_Concept
and	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
were	O
removed	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
such	O
as	O
,	O
,	O
and	O
were	O
changed	O
,	O
redefined	O
,	O
or	O
standardized	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
APIs	B-Application
and	O
Document	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Model	I-General_Concept
(	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
)	O
are	O
now	O
fundamental	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
,	O
and	O
HTML5	B-Application
also	O
better	O
defines	O
the	O
processing	O
for	O
any	O
invalid	O
documents	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Web	B-Language
Hypertext	I-Language
Application	I-Language
Technology	I-Language
Working	I-Language
Group	I-Language
(	O
WHATWG	B-Language
)	O
began	O
work	O
on	O
the	O
new	O
standard	O
in	O
2004	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
that	O
time	O
,	O
HTML4.01	O
had	O
not	O
been	O
updated	O
since	O
2000	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
Consortium	O
(	O
W3C	O
)	O
was	O
focusing	O
future	O
developments	O
on	O
XHTML	B-Language
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
allowed	O
the	O
XHTML	B-Language
2.0	O
Working	O
Group	O
's	O
charter	O
to	O
expire	O
and	O
decided	O
not	O
to	O
renew	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Operating_System
Mozilla	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
and	O
Opera	O
Software	O
presented	O
a	O
position	O
paper	O
at	O
a	O
World	O
Wide	O
Web	O
Consortium	O
(	O
W3C	O
)	O
workshop	O
in	O
June	O
2004	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
developing	O
technologies	O
that	O
are	O
backward-compatible	B-General_Concept
with	O
existing	O
browsers	B-Application
,	O
including	O
an	O
initial	O
draft	O
specification	O
of	O
Web	O
Forms	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
workshop	O
concluded	O
with	O
a	O
vote	O
—	O
8	O
for	O
,	O
14	O
against	O
—	O
for	O
continuing	O
work	O
on	O
HTML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Immediately	O
after	O
the	O
workshop	O
,	O
WHATWG	B-Language
was	O
formed	O
to	O
start	O
work	O
based	O
upon	O
that	O
position	O
paper	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
second	O
draft	O
,	O
Web	B-Application
Applications	I-Application
1.0	I-Application
,	O
was	O
also	O
announced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
two	O
specifications	O
were	O
later	O
merged	O
to	O
form	O
HTML5	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
was	O
adopted	O
as	O
the	O
starting	O
point	O
of	O
the	O
work	O
of	O
the	O
new	O
HTML	B-Language
working	O
group	O
of	O
the	O
W3C	O
in	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WHATWG	B-Language
's	O
Ian	O
Hickson	O
(	O
Google	B-Application
)	O
and	O
David	O
Hyatt	O
(	O
Apple	O
)	O
produced	O
W3C	O
's	O
first	O
public	O
working	O
draft	O
of	O
the	O
specification	O
on	O
22	O
January	O
2008	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
some	O
features	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
are	O
often	O
compared	O
to	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
,	O
the	O
two	O
technologies	O
are	O
very	O
different	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Both	O
include	O
features	O
for	O
playing	O
audio	O
and	O
video	O
within	O
web	O
pages	O
,	O
and	O
for	O
using	O
Scalable	B-Application
Vector	I-Application
Graphics	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
on	O
its	O
own	O
cannot	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
animation	O
or	O
interactivity	O
–	O
it	O
must	O
be	O
supplemented	O
with	O
CSS3	O
or	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
many	O
Flash	O
capabilities	O
that	O
have	O
no	O
direct	O
counterpart	O
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
(	O
see	O
Comparison	B-Operating_System
of	I-Operating_System
HTML5	I-Operating_System
and	I-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
's	O
interactive	O
capabilities	O
became	O
a	O
topic	O
of	O
mainstream	O
media	O
attention	O
around	O
April	O
2010	O
after	O
Apple	O
Inc.	O
'	O
s	O
then-CEO	O
Steve	O
Jobs	O
issued	O
a	O
public	O
letter	O
titled	O
"	O
Thoughts	O
on	O
Flash	O
"	O
in	O
which	O
he	O
concluded	O
that	O
"	O
Flash	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
necessary	O
to	O
watch	O
video	O
or	O
consume	O
any	O
kind	O
of	O
web	O
content	O
"	O
and	O
that	O
"	O
new	O
open	O
standards	O
created	O
in	O
the	O
mobile	O
era	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
will	O
win	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
sparked	O
a	O
debate	O
in	O
web	O
development	O
circles	O
suggesting	O
that	O
,	O
while	O
HTML5	B-Application
provides	O
enhanced	O
functionality	O
,	O
developers	O
must	O
consider	O
the	O
varying	O
browser	B-Application
support	O
of	O
the	O
different	O
parts	O
of	O
the	O
standard	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
other	O
functionality	O
differences	O
between	O
HTML5	B-Application
and	O
Flash	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
early	O
November	O
2011	O
,	O
Adobe	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
discontinue	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
Flash	O
for	O
mobile	O
devices	O
and	O
reorient	O
its	O
efforts	O
in	O
developing	O
tools	O
using	O
HTML5	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
February	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
extended	O
the	O
charter	O
of	O
its	O
HTML	B-Language
Working	O
Group	O
with	O
clear	O
milestones	O
for	O
HTML5	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
working	O
group	O
advanced	O
HTML5	B-Application
to	O
"	O
Last	O
Call	O
"	O
,	O
an	O
invitation	O
to	O
communities	O
inside	O
and	O
outside	O
W3C	O
to	O
confirm	O
the	O
technical	O
soundness	O
of	O
the	O
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
renamed	O
its	O
"	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
specification	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
nevertheless	O
continued	O
its	O
project	O
to	O
release	O
HTML5	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2012	O
,	O
WHATWG	B-Language
and	O
W3C	O
decided	O
on	O
a	O
degree	O
of	O
separation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
W3C	O
will	O
continue	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
work	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
definitive	O
standard	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
considered	O
a	O
"	O
snapshot	O
"	O
by	O
WHATWG	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
WHATWG	B-Language
organization	O
continues	O
its	O
work	O
with	O
HTML5	B-Application
as	O
a	O
"	O
living	O
standard	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
December	O
2012	O
,	O
W3C	O
designated	O
HTML5	B-Application
as	O
a	O
Candidate	O
Recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
16	O
September	O
2014	O
,	O
W3C	O
moved	O
HTML5	B-Application
to	O
Proposed	O
Recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
28	O
October	O
2014	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
was	O
released	O
as	O
a	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
,	O
bringing	O
the	O
specification	O
process	O
to	O
completion	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
1	O
November	O
2016	O
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.1	I-Application
was	O
released	O
as	O
a	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
December	O
2017	O
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.2	I-Application
was	O
released	O
as	O
a	O
W3C	O
Recommendation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
retired	O
HTML5	B-Application
on	O
27	O
March	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additionally	O
,	O
the	O
retirement	O
included	O
HTML	B-Language
4.0	I-Language
,	O
HTML	B-Language
4.01	I-Language
,	O
XHTML	B-Language
1.0	I-Language
,	O
and	O
XHTML	B-Language
1.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML	B-Application
5.1	I-Application
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.2	I-Application
and	O
HTML	B-Language
5.3	O
were	O
all	O
retired	O
on	O
28	O
January	O
2021	O
,	O
in	O
favour	O
of	O
the	O
HTML	B-Language
living	O
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
combined	O
timelines	O
for	O
the	O
W3C	O
recommendations	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.1	I-Application
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.2	I-Application
and	O
HTML	O
5.3	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
ceded	O
authority	O
over	O
the	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
standards	O
to	O
WHATWG	B-Language
on	O
28	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
considered	O
that	O
having	O
two	O
standards	O
is	O
harmful	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
is	O
now	O
authoritative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
W3C	O
will	O
still	O
participate	O
in	O
the	O
development	O
process	O
of	O
HTML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Before	O
the	O
ceding	O
of	O
authority	O
,	O
W3C	O
and	O
WHATWG	B-Language
had	O
been	O
characterized	O
as	O
both	O
working	O
together	O
on	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
and	O
yet	O
also	O
at	O
cross	O
purposes	O
ever	O
since	O
the	O
July	O
2012	O
split	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
"	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
standard	O
was	O
snapshot-based	O
(	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
HTML	B-Application
5.1	I-Application
,	O
etc	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
and	O
static	O
,	O
while	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
"	O
HTML	B-Language
living	O
standard	O
"	O
is	O
continually	O
updated	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
at	O
least	O
one	O
case	O
,	O
namely	O
the	O
permissible	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
element	O
,	O
the	O
two	O
specifications	O
directly	O
contradicted	O
each	O
other	O
(	O
with	O
the	O
W3C	O
definition	O
allowing	O
a	O
broader	O
range	O
of	O
uses	O
than	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
definition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
its	O
"	O
History	O
"	O
subsection	O
it	O
portrays	O
W3C	O
as	O
resistant	O
to	O
Hickson	O
's	O
and	O
WHATWG	B-Language
's	O
original	O
HTML5	B-Application
plans	O
,	O
then	O
jumping	O
on	O
the	O
bandwagon	O
belatedly	O
(	O
though	O
Hickson	O
was	O
in	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
W3C	O
HTML5	B-Application
spec	O
,	O
too	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
two	O
entities	O
signed	O
an	O
agreement	O
to	O
work	O
together	O
on	O
a	O
single	O
version	O
of	O
HTML	B-Language
on	O
28	O
May	O
2019	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
§11	O
Web	O
storageGlobal	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
:	O
class	O
,	O
id	O
:	O
autocapitalize	O
,	O
enterkeyhint	O
,	O
inputmode	O
,	O
is	O
,	O
itemid	O
,	O
itemprop	O
,	O
itemref	O
,	O
itemscope	O
,	O
itemtype	O
,	O
nonceChapter	O
Elements	B-General_Concept
of	O
HTML§	O
4.13	O
Custom	O
elementsElementsxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1	O
(	O
See	O
compatibility	O
notes	O
below	O
.	O
)	O
</s>
<s>
§	O
4.3.11.3	O
Exposing	O
outlines	O
to	O
usersStructured	O
dataRecommends	O
RDFa	O
(	O
code	O
examples	O
,	O
separate	O
specs	O
,	O
no	O
special	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
)	O
.Recommends	O
Microdata	B-General_Concept
(	O
code	O
examples	O
,	O
spec	O
chapter	O
,	O
special	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
table	O
provides	O
data	O
from	O
the	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
Development	O
Network	O
on	O
compatibility	O
with	O
major	O
browsers	B-Application
,	O
as	O
of	O
September	O
2018	O
,	O
of	O
HTML	B-General_Concept
elements	I-General_Concept
unique	O
to	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
standards	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
ElementStandardCompatibilityNotexxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx1	O
semantics	O
are	O
in	O
practice	O
only	O
theoretical	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
<	O
menu>WHATWGFull	O
support	O
only	O
in	O
Edge	O
and	O
Firefox	B-Application
desktops	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Partial	O
support	O
in	O
Firefox	B-Application
mobile	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Not	O
supported	O
in	O
other	O
browsers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
technologies	O
that	O
were	O
originally	O
defined	O
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
itself	O
are	O
now	O
defined	O
in	O
separate	O
specifications	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
HTML	B-Language
Working	O
Group	O
–	O
HTML	B-Language
Canvas	I-Language
2D	O
Context	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Application
Apps	I-Application
Working	O
Group	O
–	O
Web	B-General_Concept
Messaging	I-General_Concept
,	O
Web	O
workers	O
,	O
Web	B-Application
storage	I-Application
,	O
WebSocket	B-Protocol
,	O
Server-sent	B-Language
events	I-Language
,	O
Web	B-Language
Components	I-Language
(	O
this	O
was	O
not	O
part	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
though	O
)	O
;	O
the	O
Web	B-Application
Applications	I-Application
Working	O
Group	O
was	O
closed	O
in	O
October	O
2015	O
and	O
its	O
deliverables	O
transferred	O
to	O
the	O
Web	O
Platform	O
Working	O
Group	O
(	O
WPWG	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
IETF	O
HyBi	O
Working	O
Group	O
–	O
WebSocket	B-Protocol
Protocol	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
WebRTC	B-Protocol
Working	O
Group	O
–	O
WebRTC	B-Protocol
;	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
features	O
that	O
were	O
removed	O
from	O
the	O
original	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
have	O
been	O
standardized	O
separately	O
as	O
modules	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Microdata	B-General_Concept
and	O
Canvas	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Technical	O
specifications	O
introduced	O
as	O
HTML5	B-Application
extensions	O
such	O
as	O
Polyglot	B-General_Concept
markup	I-General_Concept
have	O
also	O
been	O
standardized	O
as	O
modules	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
W3C	O
specifications	O
that	O
were	O
originally	O
separate	O
specifications	O
have	O
been	O
adapted	O
as	O
HTML5	B-Application
extensions	O
or	O
features	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
SVG	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
features	O
that	O
might	O
have	O
slowed	O
down	O
the	O
standardization	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
were	O
or	O
will	O
be	O
standardized	O
as	O
upcoming	O
specifications	O
,	O
instead	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
introduces	O
elements	B-General_Concept
and	O
attributes	B-General_Concept
that	O
reflect	O
typical	O
usage	O
on	O
modern	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
of	O
them	O
are	O
semantic	O
replacements	O
for	O
common	O
uses	O
of	O
generic	O
block	O
(	O
)	O
and	O
inline	O
(	O
)	O
elements	B-General_Concept
,	O
for	O
example	O
(	O
website	O
navigation	O
block	O
)	O
,	O
(	O
usually	O
referring	O
to	O
bottom	O
of	O
web	O
page	O
or	O
to	O
last	O
lines	O
of	O
HTML	B-Language
code	I-Language
)	O
,	O
or	O
and	O
instead	O
of	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
deprecated	O
elements	B-General_Concept
from	O
HTML	B-Language
4.01	O
have	O
been	O
dropped	O
,	O
including	O
purely	O
presentational	O
elements	B-General_Concept
such	O
as	O
and	O
,	O
whose	O
effects	O
have	O
long	O
been	O
superseded	O
by	O
the	O
more	O
capable	O
Cascading	B-Language
Style	I-Language
Sheets	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
is	O
also	O
a	O
renewed	O
emphasis	O
on	O
the	O
importance	O
of	O
client-side	O
JavaScript	B-Language
used	O
to	O
create	O
dynamic	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
HTML5	B-Application
syntax	O
is	O
no	O
longer	O
based	O
on	O
SGML	B-Language
despite	O
the	O
similarity	O
of	O
its	O
markup	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
has	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
been	O
designed	O
to	O
be	O
backward-compatible	B-General_Concept
with	O
common	O
parsing	B-Language
of	O
older	O
versions	O
of	O
HTML	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
comes	O
with	O
a	O
new	O
introductory	O
line	O
that	O
looks	O
like	O
an	O
SGML	B-Language
document	O
type	O
declaration	O
,	O
<!DOCTYPE html>	O
,	O
which	O
triggers	O
the	O
standards-compliant	O
rendering	B-General_Concept
mode	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
5	O
January	O
2009	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
also	O
includes	O
Web	O
Forms	O
2.0	O
,	O
a	O
previously	O
separate	O
WHATWG	B-Language
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
to	O
specifying	O
markup	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
specifies	O
scripting	O
application	B-Application
programming	I-Application
interfaces	I-Application
(	O
APIs	B-Application
)	O
that	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Existing	O
Document	B-General_Concept
Object	I-General_Concept
Model	I-General_Concept
(	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
)	O
interfaces	O
are	O
extended	O
and	O
de	O
facto	O
features	O
documented	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
There	O
are	O
also	O
new	O
APIs	B-Application
,	O
such	O
as	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Canvas	B-Language
;	O
</s>
<s>
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
and	O
protocol	O
handler	O
registration	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Microdata	B-General_Concept
;	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-General_Concept
Messaging	I-General_Concept
;	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Application
Storage	I-Application
–	O
a	O
key-value	O
pair	O
storage	O
framework	O
that	O
provides	O
behavior	O
similar	O
to	O
cookies	B-Application
but	O
with	O
larger	O
storage	O
capacity	O
and	O
improved	O
API	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Not	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
above	O
technologies	O
are	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
W3C	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
,	O
though	O
they	O
are	O
in	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
HTML	B-Language
specification	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
related	O
technologies	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
not	O
part	O
of	O
either	O
the	O
W3C	O
HTML5	B-Application
or	O
the	O
WHATWG	B-Language
HTML	B-Language
specification	O
,	O
are	O
as	O
follows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Geolocation	B-Language
;	O
</s>
<s>
File	B-Language
–	O
an	O
API	B-Application
intended	O
to	O
handle	O
file	B-Language
uploads	O
and	O
file	B-Language
manipulation	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
Directories	O
and	O
System	O
–	O
an	O
API	B-Application
intended	O
to	O
satisfy	O
client-side-storage	O
use	O
cases	O
not	O
well	O
served	O
by	O
databases	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
File	B-Language
Writer	O
–	O
an	O
API	B-Application
for	O
writing	O
to	O
files	O
from	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
;	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Language
Audio	I-Language
–	O
a	O
high-level	O
JavaScript	B-Language
API	B-Application
for	O
processing	O
and	O
synthesizing	O
audio	O
in	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
;	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
SQL	B-Language
Database	I-Language
–	O
a	O
local	O
SQL	B-Language
Database	I-Language
(	O
no	O
longer	O
maintained	O
)	O
;	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
cannot	O
provide	O
animation	O
within	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additional	O
JavaScript	B-Language
or	O
CSS3	O
is	O
necessary	O
for	O
animating	O
HTML	B-General_Concept
elements	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Animation	O
is	O
also	O
possible	O
using	O
JavaScript	B-Language
and	O
HTML	B-Language
4	O
,	O
and	O
within	O
SVG	B-Application
elements	B-General_Concept
through	O
SMIL	B-Language
,	O
although	O
browser	B-Application
support	O
of	O
the	O
latter	O
remains	O
uneven	O
as	O
of	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XML	O
documents	O
must	O
be	O
served	O
with	O
an	O
XML	O
Internet	B-Application
media	I-Application
type	I-Application
(	O
often	O
called	O
"	O
MIME	B-Application
type	I-Application
"	O
)	O
such	O
as	O
application/xhtml	O
+xml	O
or	O
application/xml	O
,	O
and	O
must	O
conform	O
to	O
strict	O
,	O
well-formed	O
syntax	O
of	O
XML	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
XHTML5	O
is	O
simply	O
XML-serialized	O
HTML5	B-Application
data	O
(	O
that	O
is	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
constrained	O
to	O
XHTML	B-Language
's	I-Language
strict	O
requirements	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
not	O
having	O
any	O
unclosed	O
tags	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
sent	O
with	O
one	O
of	O
XML	O
media	B-Application
types	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML	B-Language
that	O
has	O
been	O
written	O
to	O
conform	O
to	O
both	O
the	O
HTML	B-Language
and	O
XHTML	B-Language
specifications	O
and	O
therefore	O
produces	O
the	O
same	O
DOM	B-General_Concept
tree	I-General_Concept
whether	O
parsed	B-Language
as	O
HTML	B-Language
or	O
XML	O
is	O
known	O
as	O
polyglot	B-General_Concept
markup	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
HTML5	B-Application
is	O
designed	O
so	O
that	O
old	O
browsers	B-Application
can	B-General_Concept
safely	I-General_Concept
ignore	I-General_Concept
new	O
HTML5	B-Application
constructs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
HTML	B-Language
4.01	I-Language
,	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
specification	O
gives	O
detailed	O
rules	O
for	O
lexing	B-Application
and	O
parsing	B-Language
,	O
with	O
the	O
intent	O
that	O
compliant	O
browsers	B-Application
will	O
produce	O
the	O
same	O
results	O
when	O
parsing	B-Language
incorrect	O
syntax	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Although	O
HTML5	B-Application
now	O
defines	O
a	O
consistent	O
behavior	O
for	O
"	O
tag	B-General_Concept
soup	I-General_Concept
"	O
documents	O
,	O
those	O
documents	O
do	O
not	O
conform	O
to	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
According	O
to	O
a	O
report	O
released	O
on	O
30	O
September	O
2011	O
,	O
34	O
of	O
the	O
world	O
's	O
top	O
100	O
Web	O
sites	O
were	O
using	O
HTML5the	O
adoption	O
led	O
by	O
search	B-Application
engines	I-Application
and	O
social	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
report	O
released	O
in	O
August	O
2013	O
has	O
shown	O
that	O
153	O
of	O
the	O
Fortune	O
500	O
U.S.	O
companies	O
implemented	O
HTML5	B-Application
on	O
their	O
corporate	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2014	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
is	O
at	O
least	O
partially	O
supported	O
by	O
most	O
popular	O
layout	O
engines	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
W3C	O
Working	O
Group	O
publishes	O
"	O
HTML5	B-Application
differences	O
from	O
HTML	B-Language
4	O
"	O
,	O
which	O
provides	O
a	O
complete	O
outline	O
of	O
additions	O
,	O
removals	O
and	O
changes	O
between	O
HTML5	B-Application
and	O
HTML4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
18	O
January	O
2011	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
introduced	O
a	O
logo	O
to	O
represent	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
or	O
interest	O
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
initially	O
presenting	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
public	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
announced	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
logo	O
as	O
a	O
"	O
general-purpose	O
visual	O
identity	O
for	O
a	O
broad	O
set	O
of	O
open	O
web	O
technologies	O
,	O
including	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
CSS	B-Language
,	O
SVG	B-Application
,	O
WOFF	O
,	O
and	O
others	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
web	O
standard	O
advocates	O
,	O
including	O
The	O
Web	O
Standards	O
Project	O
,	O
criticized	O
that	O
definition	O
of	O
"	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
as	O
an	O
umbrella	O
term	O
,	O
pointing	O
out	O
the	O
blurring	O
of	O
terminology	O
and	O
the	O
potential	O
for	O
miscommunication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
W3C	O
then	O
said	O
the	O
logo	O
"	O
represents	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
the	O
cornerstone	O
for	O
modern	O
Web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Industry	O
players	O
including	O
the	O
BBC	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
,	O
Microsoft	O
,	O
Apple	O
Inc	O
.	O
have	O
been	O
lobbying	O
for	O
the	O
inclusion	O
of	O
Encrypted	B-Language
Media	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
(	O
EME	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
digital	O
rights	O
management	O
(	O
DRM	O
)	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
the	O
end	O
of	O
2012	O
and	O
the	O
beginning	O
of	O
2013	O
,	O
27	O
organizations	O
including	O
the	B-Operating_System
Free	I-Operating_System
Software	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
have	O
started	O
a	O
campaign	O
against	O
including	O
digital	O
rights	O
management	O
in	O
the	O
HTML5	B-Application
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
in	O
late	O
September	O
2013	O
,	O
the	O
W3C	O
HTML	B-Language
Working	O
Group	O
decided	O
that	O
Encrypted	B-Language
Media	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
,	O
a	O
form	O
of	O
DRM	O
,	O
was	O
"	O
in	O
scope	O
"	O
and	O
will	O
potentially	O
be	O
included	O
in	O
the	O
HTML	B-Application
5.1	I-Application
standard	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WHATWG	B-Language
's	O
"	O
HTML	B-Language
Living	O
Standard	O
"	O
continued	O
to	O
be	O
developed	O
without	O
DRM-enabled	O
proposals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
initial	O
enablers	O
for	O
DRM	O
in	O
HTML5	B-Application
were	O
Google	B-Application
and	O
Microsoft	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
14	O
May	O
2014	O
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
support	O
EME	O
in	O
Firefox	B-Application
,	O
the	O
last	O
major	O
browser	B-Application
to	O
avoid	O
DRM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Calling	O
it	O
"	O
a	O
difficult	O
and	O
uncomfortable	O
step	O
"	O
,	O
Andreas	O
Gal	O
of	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
explained	O
that	O
future	O
versions	O
of	O
Firefox	B-Application
would	O
remain	O
open	O
source	O
but	O
ship	O
with	O
a	O
sandbox	O
designed	O
to	O
run	O
a	O
content	O
decryption	O
module	O
developed	O
by	O
Adobe	O
,	O
later	O
it	O
was	O
replaced	O
with	O
Widevine	O
module	O
from	O
Google	B-Application
which	O
is	O
much	O
more	O
widely	O
adopted	O
by	O
content	O
providers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
promising	O
to	O
"	O
work	O
on	O
alternative	O
solutions	O
"	O
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
's	O
Executive	O
Chair	O
Mitchell	O
Baker	O
stated	O
that	O
a	O
refusal	O
to	O
implement	O
EME	O
would	O
have	O
accomplished	O
little	O
more	O
than	O
convincing	O
many	O
users	O
to	O
switch	O
browsers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
decision	O
was	O
condemned	O
by	O
Cory	O
Doctorow	O
and	O
the	B-Operating_System
Free	I-Operating_System
Software	I-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
