<s>
GRASP	O
was	O
a	O
systems	B-Application
software	I-Application
package	O
that	O
provided	O
spooling	B-Device
facilities	O
for	O
the	O
IBM/370	B-Device
running	O
DOS/VS	B-Application
or	O
DOS/VSE	B-Application
environment	O
,	O
and	O
IBM/360	B-Application
running	O
DOS	B-Device
or	O
retrofitted	O
with	O
modified	O
DOS	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
GRASP	O
was	O
a	O
mainframe	B-Architecture
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
enhancement	O
available	O
for	O
DOS	B-Device
,	O
DOS/VS	B-Application
,	O
DOS/VSE	B-Application
,	O
and	O
some	O
third	O
party	O
DOS-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Subsequent	O
versions	O
became	O
known	O
as	O
GRASP/VS	O
and	O
GRASP/VSE	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
"	O
spooled	B-Device
"	O
(	O
queued	O
)	O
printer	O
and	O
card	O
data	O
,	O
freeing	O
programs	O
from	O
being	O
dependent	O
upon	O
the	O
speed	O
of	O
printers	O
or	O
punched	O
card	O
equipment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GRASP	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
such	O
spooler	B-Device
for	O
IBM	O
mainframes	B-Architecture
,	O
and	O
later	O
had	O
competition	O
from	O
IBM	O
's	O
POWER	O
and	O
DataCorp	O
's	O
The	O
Spooler	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
GRASP	O
,	O
like	O
Spooler	B-Device
,	O
could	O
reside	O
in	O
an	O
independent	O
"	O
F0	O
"	O
partition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
product	O
ran	O
under	O
several	O
DOS-related	O
platforms	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
DOS	B-Device
having	O
only	O
three	O
partitions	O
and	O
DOS/VS	B-Application
seven	O
,	O
giving	O
up	O
a	O
partition	O
to	O
GRASP	O
placed	O
a	O
crimp	O
in	O
practicability	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
concept	O
of	O
F0	O
offered	O
computers	O
the	O
availability	O
of	O
running	O
the	O
product	O
without	O
giving	O
up	O
a	O
DOS	B-Device
partition	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
DOS/VS	B-Application
and	O
DOS/VSE	B-Application
versions	O
,	O
SDI	O
re-engineered	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
Fx	O
developed	O
for	O
DOCS	B-Application
and	O
The	O
Spooler	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
GRASP	O
was	O
originally	O
developed	O
in	O
Australia	O
by	O
Boyd	B-Application
Munro	I-Application
.	O
</s>
