<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
is	O
an	O
arcade	O
driving	O
video	O
game	O
developed	O
by	O
Atari	O
through	O
its	O
subsidiary	O
Cyan	O
Engineering	O
,	O
and	O
released	O
by	O
Atari	O
in	O
May	O
1974	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
founder	O
Nolan	O
Bushnell	O
had	O
originally	O
planned	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
driving	O
video	O
game	O
inspired	O
by	O
Chicago	O
Coin	O
's	O
arcade	O
electro-mechanical	O
game	O
Speedway	O
(	O
1969	O
)	O
when	O
he	O
founded	O
the	O
company	O
,	O
but	O
cancelled	O
it	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
a	O
simpler	O
game	O
,	O
Pong	B-Application
(	O
1972	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
eventually	O
began	O
development	O
on	O
a	O
driving	O
video	O
game	O
,	O
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
,	O
in	O
late	O
1973	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
initially	O
designed	O
by	O
Larry	O
Emmons	O
of	O
Cyan	O
,	O
with	O
the	O
mechanical	O
design	O
handled	O
by	O
Eigen	O
Systems	O
,	O
though	O
after	O
several	O
design	O
and	O
production	O
problems	O
were	O
uncovered	O
during	O
an	O
initial	O
small	O
production	O
run	O
in	O
March	O
1974	O
the	O
design	O
was	O
overhauled	O
by	O
Allan	O
Alcorn	O
,	O
the	O
designer	O
of	O
Pong	B-Application
,	O
with	O
wider	O
distribution	O
beginning	O
in	O
May	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
game	O
's	O
circuits	O
include	O
possibly	O
the	O
first	O
instance	O
of	O
integrated	O
circuit-based	O
read-only	B-Device
memory	I-Device
(	O
ROM	B-Device
)	O
,	O
which	O
thereafter	O
became	O
the	O
standard	O
for	O
arcade	O
games	O
,	O
replacing	O
diode-stored	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
was	O
developed	O
during	O
a	O
time	O
of	O
several	O
internal	O
changes	O
at	O
Atari	O
;	O
as	O
a	O
result	O
communication	O
problems	O
led	O
Atari	O
to	O
not	O
accurately	O
track	O
the	O
expense	O
of	O
manufacturing	O
the	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
was	O
the	O
first	O
arcade	O
car	O
driving	O
video	O
game	O
,	O
though	O
Atari	O
had	O
released	O
the	O
spaceship	O
racing	O
game	O
Space	B-Application
Race	I-Application
in	O
1973	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
simple	O
racing	O
game	O
,	O
Wipeout	O
,	O
was	O
included	O
with	O
the	O
1972	O
Magnavox	B-Device
Odyssey	I-Device
console	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
is	O
a	O
single-player	O
racing	O
video	O
game	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
player	O
drives	O
a	O
race	O
car	O
along	O
a	O
race	O
track	O
,	O
shown	O
from	O
above	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
design	O
was	O
instead	O
created	O
by	O
Cyan	O
Engineering	O
,	O
which	O
had	O
recently	O
become	O
a	O
semi-independent	O
research	O
and	O
development	O
subsidiary	O
of	O
Atari	O
and	O
had	O
previously	O
handled	O
the	O
prototype	O
design	O
of	O
Gotcha	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Emmons	O
also	O
used	O
integrated	O
circuit-based	O
memory	B-Device
—	O
specifically	O
,	O
mask	B-Device
ROM	I-Device
(	O
read-only	B-Device
memory	I-Device
)	O
—	O
in	O
his	O
circuit	O
design	O
to	O
store	O
graphical	O
data	O
such	O
as	O
the	O
tracks	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
the	O
diode	O
arrays	O
that	O
previous	O
arcade	O
games	O
used	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
believed	O
to	O
be	O
the	O
first	O
use	O
of	O
integrated	O
circuit-based	O
memory	B-Device
in	O
an	O
arcade	O
game	O
,	O
and	O
ROMs	O
thereafter	O
became	O
the	O
standard	O
for	O
arcade	O
and	O
console	O
video	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Allan	O
Alcorn	O
,	O
the	O
designer	O
of	O
Pong	B-Application
,	O
took	O
a	O
leave	O
of	O
absence	O
from	O
the	O
company	O
beginning	O
in	O
September	O
1973	O
,	O
and	O
around	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
Steve	O
Bristow	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
previously	O
worked	O
with	O
the	O
founders	O
of	O
Atari	O
on	O
the	O
first	O
arcade	O
video	O
game	O
Computer	B-Application
Space	I-Application
,	O
left	O
to	O
co-found	O
Kee	O
Games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
1974	O
,	O
Atari	O
announced	O
plans	O
to	O
merge	O
with	O
its	O
subsidiary	O
Kee	O
Games	O
;	O
Kee	O
's	O
final	O
game	O
Tank	B-Application
,	O
released	O
in	O
November	O
1974	O
,	O
was	O
a	O
commercial	O
success	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
and	O
is	O
credited	O
with	O
buoying	O
the	O
finances	O
of	O
the	O
newly	O
merged	O
Atari	O
at	O
a	O
critical	O
time	O
for	O
the	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
game	O
itself	O
,	O
after	O
its	O
problems	O
were	O
resolved	O
,	O
was	O
considered	O
a	O
success	O
,	O
and	O
Atari	O
released	O
multiple	O
versions	O
of	O
it	O
:	O
a	O
clone	O
version	O
titled	O
Formula	O
K	O
was	O
released	O
through	O
Kee	O
Games	O
for	O
different	O
distributors	O
around	O
July	O
1974	O
,	O
and	O
Atari	O
produced	O
a	O
small	O
cabinet	O
version	O
in	O
late	O
in	O
the	O
year	O
titled	O
Trak	O
10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
1976	O
,	O
RePlay	O
magazine	O
published	O
a	O
survey	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
20	O
arcade	O
games	O
in	O
use	O
,	O
and	O
listed	O
Gran	O
Trek	O
10	O
and	O
20	O
combined	O
as	O
the	O
fifth	O
highest-earning	O
game	O
in	O
the	O
prior	O
year	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
below	O
Tank	B-Application
,	O
Wheels	B-Application
,	O
Gun	B-Application
Fight	I-Application
and	O
Indy	B-Application
800	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
Japan	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
among	O
the	O
top	O
ten	O
highest-earning	O
arcade	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	I-Application
of	I-Application
1977	I-Application
,	O
and	O
among	O
the	O
year	O
's	O
top	O
seven	O
racing	O
video	O
games	O
(	O
topped	O
by	O
Taito	O
's	O
Speed	B-Application
Race	I-Application
DX	I-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Atari	O
produced	O
numerous	O
other	O
racing	O
arcade	O
games	O
in	O
the	O
same	O
style	O
as	O
Gran	O
Trak	O
,	O
including	O
Le	B-Application
Mans	I-Application
(	O
1976	O
)	O
,	O
Sprint	B-Application
2	I-Application
(	O
1976	O
)	O
,	O
Super	B-Application
Sprint	I-Application
(	O
1986	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Badlands	B-Application
(	O
1989	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
was	O
the	O
first	O
arcade	O
car	O
racing	O
video	O
game	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
video	O
game	O
to	O
use	O
a	O
steering	O
wheel	O
,	O
for	O
which	O
it	O
has	O
been	O
called	O
the	O
"	O
grandfather	O
"	O
of	O
car	O
racing	O
video	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
,	O
a	O
simple	O
racing	O
game	O
,	O
Wipeout	O
,	O
had	O
been	O
released	O
in	O
1972	O
for	O
the	O
Magnavox	B-Device
Odyssey	I-Device
home	B-Device
video	I-Device
game	I-Device
console	I-Device
and	O
a	O
spaceship	O
racing	O
arcade	O
game	O
,	O
Space	B-Application
Race	I-Application
,	O
had	O
been	O
released	O
by	O
Atari	O
in	O
1973	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gran	B-Application
Trak	I-Application
10	I-Application
had	O
an	O
influence	O
on	O
Taito	O
game	O
designer	O
Tomohiro	O
Nishikado	O
;	O
while	O
he	O
did	O
not	O
enjoy	O
the	O
game	O
due	O
to	O
its	O
twisting	O
tracks	O
and	O
complex	O
controls	O
,	O
it	O
inspired	O
him	O
to	O
develop	O
his	O
own	O
driving	O
video	O
game	O
,	O
by	O
adapting	O
two	O
older	O
electro-mechanical	O
games	O
,	O
Kasco	O
's	O
Mini	O
Drive	O
(	O
1958	O
)	O
and	O
Taito	O
's	O
Super	O
Road	O
7	O
(	O
1970	O
)	O
,	O
into	O
the	O
video	O
game	O
Speed	B-Application
Race	I-Application
(	O
1974	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
