<s>
Graflex	B-Algorithm
was	O
a	O
manufacturer	O
that	O
gave	O
its	O
brand	O
name	O
to	O
several	O
models	O
of	O
camera	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
company	O
was	O
founded	O
as	O
the	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Manufacturing	O
Company	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
City	O
in	O
1887	O
by	O
William	O
F	O
.	O
Folmer	O
and	O
William	O
E	O
.	O
Schwing	O
as	O
a	O
metal	O
working	O
factory	O
,	O
manufacturing	O
gas	O
light	O
fixtures	O
,	O
chandeliers	O
,	O
bicycles	O
and	O
eventually	O
,	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1909	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
George	O
Eastman	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
company	O
was	O
moved	O
to	O
12	O
Caledonia	O
Avenue	O
(	O
later	O
renamed	O
Clarissa	O
Street	O
)	O
,	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
in	O
1928	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
&	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Division	O
of	O
the	O
Eastman	O
Kodak	O
Company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1926	O
,	O
Kodak	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
divest	O
itself	O
of	O
the	O
division	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
spun	O
off	O
forming	O
a	O
new	O
company	O
,	O
the	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
Graflex	I-Algorithm
Corporation	O
,	O
which	O
changed	O
its	O
name	O
to	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Inc	O
.	O
in	O
1946	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graflex	B-Algorithm
was	O
known	O
for	O
the	O
quintessential	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
,	O
the	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
which	O
was	O
manufactured	O
for	O
over	O
60	O
years	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
used	O
by	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
photojournalists	O
in	O
the	O
first	O
half	O
of	O
the	O
20th	O
century	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
William	O
F	O
.	O
Folmer	O
,	O
an	O
inventor	O
,	O
co-owned	O
the	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
and	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Manufacturing	O
Company	O
,	O
founded	O
in	O
New	O
York	O
City	O
as	O
a	O
gas	O
lamp	O
company	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
gas	O
lamp	O
market	O
declined	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
expanded	O
into	O
other	O
areas	O
including	O
bicycles	O
and	O
photographic	O
equipment	O
,	O
leading	O
to	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
camera	O
in	O
1899	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
company	O
's	O
success	O
grew	O
,	O
it	O
chose	O
to	O
focus	O
on	O
photography	O
and	O
dropped	O
its	O
other	O
manufacturing	O
lines	O
,	O
and	O
in	O
1905	O
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
George	O
Eastman	O
,	O
in	O
1907	O
becoming	O
the	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
Graflex	I-Algorithm
Division	O
of	O
Eastman	O
Kodak	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
a	O
succession	O
of	O
name	O
changes	O
,	O
it	O
finally	O
became	O
simply	O
"	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
,	O
Inc.	O
"	O
in	O
1945	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eastman	O
Kodak	O
made	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
in	O
their	O
professional	O
equipment	O
manufacturing	O
plant	O
on	O
Clarrisa	O
street	O
in	O
Rochester	O
NY	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Kodak	O
was	O
forced	O
to	O
divest	O
itself	O
of	O
its	O
professional	O
equipment	O
division	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Inc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
1912	O
to	O
1973	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
produced	O
large	O
format	O
and	O
medium	O
format	O
press	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
in	O
film	O
formats	O
from	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
also	O
produced	O
rangefinder	B-Algorithm
,	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
and	O
TLR	B-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
variety	O
of	O
formats	O
ranging	O
from	O
35mm	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Rochester	O
Folmer	O
plant	O
also	O
manufactured	O
the	O
Century	O
Studio	O
Camera	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
marketed	O
under	O
both	O
the	O
Kodak	O
and	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
nameplates	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
because	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
printed	O
separate	O
catalogs	O
for	O
its	O
studio	O
and	O
portable	O
offerings	O
,	O
many	O
erroneously	O
believe	O
the	O
Century	O
Studios	O
to	O
have	O
been	O
manufactured	O
elsewhere	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
of	O
the	O
Graflex-branded	O
cameras	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
1898	O
,	O
was	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
camera	O
,	O
also	O
known	O
as	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Reflex	O
,	O
or	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
single	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
(	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
camera	O
used	O
the	O
same	O
swinging-mirror	O
,	O
through-the-lens	O
viewing	O
mechanism	O
as	O
modern	O
single	B-Algorithm
lens	I-Algorithm
reflex	I-Algorithm
cameras	I-Algorithm
,	O
introduced	O
many	O
decades	O
later	O
,	O
and	O
quickly	O
became	O
popular	O
for	O
sports	O
and	O
press	O
photography	O
in	O
the	O
early	O
20th	O
century	O
due	O
largely	O
to	O
its	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutter	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
produce	O
shutter	O
speeds	O
fast	O
enough	O
to	O
appear	O
to	O
freeze	O
rapid	O
motion	O
,	O
early	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
cameras	O
employed	O
a	O
cloth	O
shutter	O
with	O
a	O
narrow	O
slit	O
that	O
quickly	O
moved	O
across	O
the	O
film	O
plane	O
,	O
exposing	O
only	O
one	O
small	O
strip	O
at	O
any	O
given	O
moment	O
in	O
its	O
travel	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Reflex	O
was	O
also	O
popular	O
among	O
early	O
20th	O
Century	O
fine	O
art	O
photographers	O
,	O
leading	O
several	O
lens	O
manufacturers	O
to	O
design	O
special	O
soft-focus	O
lenses	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
famous	O
Wollensak	O
's	O
Verito	O
,	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
camera	O
's	O
creative	O
potential	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
folding	O
cameras	O
,	O
produced	O
from	O
1912	O
to	O
1973	O
also	O
employed	O
a	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutter	O
,	O
but	O
omitted	O
the	O
SLR	B-Algorithm
swinging	O
mirror	O
and	O
through-the	O
lens	O
viewing	O
,	O
replacing	O
it	O
by	O
an	O
external	O
viewfinder	O
,	O
while	O
retaining	O
a	O
view	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
's	O
traditional	O
ground	O
glass	O
for	O
static	O
subjects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
became	O
even	O
more	O
popular	O
than	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Reflex	O
as	O
a	O
press	O
and	O
sports	O
camera	O
,	O
so	O
much	O
so	O
that	O
to	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
classic	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
features	O
in	O
the	O
masthead	O
of	O
the	O
New	O
York	O
Daily	O
News	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
top-to-bottom	O
motion	O
of	O
the	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutter	O
exposed	O
the	O
upper	O
portion	O
of	O
the	O
film	O
first	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
the	O
bottom	O
of	O
the	O
inverted	O
image	O
as	O
seen	O
at	O
the	O
focal	O
plane	O
)	O
,	O
so	O
many	O
photographs	O
of	O
automobile	O
racing	O
taken	O
with	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphics	I-Algorithm
depicted	O
the	O
wheels	O
of	O
cars	O
in	O
an	O
oval	O
shape	O
leaning	O
forward	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphics	I-Algorithm
have	O
also	O
been	O
used	O
with	O
success	O
by	O
many	O
fine	O
art	O
photographers	O
,	O
as	O
they	O
work	O
quite	O
well	O
with	O
special	O
un-shuttered	O
lenses	O
that	O
were	O
manufactured	O
originally	O
for	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Reflex	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphics	I-Algorithm
are	O
still	O
widely	O
used	O
by	O
modern	O
fine	O
art	O
photographers	O
because	O
of	O
their	O
unique	O
image	O
creation	O
capabilities	O
and	O
simple	O
,	O
easily	O
serviced	O
mechanical	O
design	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Crown	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
models	O
of	O
this	O
same	O
period	O
were	O
similar	O
in	O
overall	O
design	O
to	O
the	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphics	I-Algorithm
,	O
but	O
omitted	O
their	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutter	O
,	O
allowing	O
Crown	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
models	O
to	O
be	O
about	O
one	O
inch	O
(	O
2.5cm	O
)	O
smaller	O
and	O
1	O
pound	O
lighter	O
(	O
.5kg	O
)	O
Furthermore	O
,	O
their	O
lack	O
of	O
a	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutter	O
allowed	O
lenses	O
to	O
be	O
mounted	O
closer	O
to	O
the	O
film	O
plane	O
,	O
enabling	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
wider	O
angle	O
lenses	O
on	O
these	O
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1923	O
–	O
1952	O
R.B.Graflex	O
Series	O
B	O
(	O
R.B.	O
</s>
<s>
1971	O
–	O
1976	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Norita	O
(	O
a.k.a.	O
</s>
<s>
1941	O
–	O
1945	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
Graflex	I-Algorithm
K-20	O
Aircraft	O
Camera	O
(	O
a.k.a.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
plant	O
in	O
suburban	O
Pittsford	O
,	O
New	O
York	O
still	O
stands	O
at	O
3750	O
Monroe	O
Avenue	O
,	O
and	O
was	O
the	O
corporate	O
headquarters	O
of	O
Veramark	O
Technologies	O
from	O
1997	O
to	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Years	O
Manufacturer	O
1887	O
–	O
1904	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
&	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Manufacturing	O
Co	O
.	O
of	O
New	O
York	O
,	O
NY	O
1905	O
–	O
1907	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
&	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Co.	O
,	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
1907	O
–	O
1927	O
Folmer	B-Algorithm
&	I-Algorithm
Schwing	I-Algorithm
Div.	O
,	O
Eastman	O
Kodak	O
Co	O
.	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
1928	O
–	O
1946	O
Folmer	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Corp.	O
,	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
1946	O
–	O
1955	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Inc.	O
,	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
1956	O
–	O
1968	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Inc.	O
,	O
Div	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
General	O
Precision	O
Equipment	O
,	O
Rochester	O
,	O
NY	O
1968	O
–	O
1973	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
Inc.	O
,	O
Div	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Because	O
the	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
had	O
its	O
historical	O
origins	O
as	O
the	O
quintessential	O
press	B-Algorithm
camera	I-Algorithm
prior	O
to	O
the	O
advent	O
of	O
35mm	O
and	O
digital	O
photography	O
for	O
use	O
by	O
press	O
photographers	O
,	O
some	O
still	O
consider	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
a	O
Graphlex	O
obsolete	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
both	O
the	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
and	O
the	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
SLR	B-Algorithm
have	O
focal	O
plane	O
shutters	O
that	O
allow	O
use	O
of	O
large	O
un-shuttered	O
barrel	O
lenses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
an	O
example	O
,	O
a	O
Kodak	O
Aero	O
Ektar	O
178mm	O
f/2.5	O
lens	O
can	O
be	O
fitted	O
to	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
4x5	O
cameras	O
and	O
used	O
to	O
take	O
soft/sharp	O
photographs	O
with	O
complete	O
control	O
of	O
the	O
depth	O
of	O
focus	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
lightsaber	O
prop	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
1977	O
release	O
of	O
Star	O
Wars	O
was	O
a	O
modified	O
Graflex	B-Algorithm
3-cell	O
flashgun	O
which	O
was	O
designed	O
to	O
hold	O
flash	O
bulbs	O
for	O
vintage	O
"	O
Speed	B-Algorithm
Graphic	I-Algorithm
"	O
cameras	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Graflex	B-Algorithm
,	O
Inc.	O
,	O
a	O
company	O
in	O
Jupiter	O
,	O
Fla	O
.	O
manufactures	O
precision	O
optical	O
,	O
electronic	O
,	O
and	O
mechanical	O
devices	O
,	O
mostly	O
for	O
the	O
military	O
.	O
</s>
