<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
,	O
later	O
known	O
as	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
,	O
was	O
a	O
software	O
framework	O
for	O
real-time	B-Application
collaborative	I-Application
editing	I-Application
online	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
developed	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
and	O
announced	O
on	O
May	O
28	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
renamed	O
to	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
when	O
the	O
project	O
was	O
adopted	O
by	O
the	O
Apache	O
Software	O
Foundation	O
as	O
an	O
incubator	O
project	O
in	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wave	O
is	O
a	O
web-based	B-Application
computing	B-Device
platform	I-Device
and	O
communications	O
protocol	O
designed	O
to	O
merge	O
key	O
features	O
of	O
communications	O
media	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
email	O
,	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
,	O
wikis	B-Protocol
,	O
and	O
social	O
networking	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Software	B-Application
extensions	I-Application
provide	O
contextual	O
spelling	B-Application
and	I-Application
grammar	I-Application
checking	I-Application
,	O
automated	B-Application
language	I-Application
translation	I-Application
and	O
other	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
released	O
only	O
to	O
developers	O
,	O
a	O
preview	O
release	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
was	O
extended	O
to	O
100,000	O
users	O
in	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
each	O
allowed	O
to	O
invite	O
additional	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
accepted	O
most	O
requests	O
submitted	O
starting	O
November	O
29	O
,	O
2009	O
,	O
soon	O
after	O
the	O
September	O
extended	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
technical	O
preview	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
4	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
suspension	O
of	O
stand-alone	O
Wave	O
development	O
and	O
the	O
intent	O
of	O
maintaining	O
the	O
web	O
site	O
at	O
least	O
for	O
the	O
remainder	O
of	O
the	O
year	O
,	O
and	O
on	O
November	O
22	O
,	O
2011	O
,	O
announced	O
that	O
existing	O
Waves	O
would	O
become	O
read-only	O
in	O
January	O
2012	O
,	O
and	O
all	O
Waves	O
would	O
be	O
deleted	O
in	O
April	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Development	O
was	O
handed	O
over	O
to	O
the	O
Apache	O
Software	O
Foundation	O
which	O
started	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
server-based	O
product	O
called	O
Wave	B-Application
in	I-Application
a	I-Application
Box	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
never	O
reached	O
a	O
full	O
release	O
and	O
was	O
discontinued	O
on	O
January	O
15	O
,	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
series	O
,	O
a	O
wave	O
is	O
an	O
electronic	O
communication	O
,	O
often	O
consisting	O
of	O
a	O
video	B-Application
call	I-Application
or	O
video	O
message	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
released	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
as	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
allowing	O
the	O
public	O
to	O
develop	O
its	O
features	O
through	O
extensions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
allowed	O
third	O
parties	O
to	O
build	O
their	O
own	O
Wave	O
services	O
(	O
be	O
it	O
private	O
or	O
commercial	O
)	O
because	O
it	O
wanted	O
the	O
Wave	O
protocol	O
to	O
replace	O
the	O
e-mail	O
protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initially	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
was	O
the	O
only	O
Wave	O
service	O
provider	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
hoped	O
that	O
other	O
service	O
providers	O
would	O
launch	O
their	O
own	O
Wave	O
services	O
,	O
possibly	O
designing	O
their	O
own	O
unique	O
web-based	B-Application
clients	O
as	O
is	O
common	O
with	O
many	O
email	O
service	O
providers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
possibility	O
also	O
existed	O
for	O
native	O
Wave	O
clients	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
,	O
as	O
demonstrated	O
with	O
their	O
CLI-based	O
console	O
client	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
released	O
initial	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
components	O
of	O
Wave	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
operational	B-Operating_System
transformation	I-Operating_System
(	O
OT	O
)	O
code	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
provided	O
some	O
detail	O
about	O
later	O
phases	O
of	O
the	O
free	B-Application
software	I-Application
release	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
was	O
a	O
new	O
Internet	O
communications	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
written	O
in	O
Java	B-Language
using	O
OpenJDK	B-Language
and	O
its	O
web	O
interface	O
used	O
the	B-Application
Google	I-Application
Web	O
Toolkit	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
worked	O
like	O
previous	O
messaging	O
systems	O
such	O
as	O
email	O
and	O
Usenet	B-Application
,	O
but	O
instead	O
of	O
sending	O
a	O
message	O
along	O
with	O
its	O
entire	O
thread	O
of	O
previous	O
messages	O
,	O
or	O
requiring	O
all	O
responses	O
to	O
be	O
stored	O
in	O
each	O
user	O
's	O
inbox	O
for	O
context	O
,	O
message	O
documents	O
(	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
waves	O
)	O
that	O
contain	O
complete	O
threads	O
of	O
multimedia	O
messages	O
(	O
blips	O
)	O
were	O
perpetually	O
stored	O
on	O
a	O
central	O
server	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Waves	O
,	O
described	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
as	O
"	O
equal	O
parts	O
conversation	O
and	O
document	O
"	O
,	O
were	O
hosted	O
XML	B-Protocol
documents	I-Protocol
that	O
allowed	O
seamless	O
and	O
low	O
latency	O
concurrent	O
modifications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiple	O
participants	O
could	O
edit	O
a	O
single	O
wave	O
simultaneously	O
in	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Thus	O
,	O
waves	O
could	O
function	O
not	O
only	O
as	O
e-mails	O
and	O
threaded	O
conversations	O
but	O
also	O
as	O
an	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
service	O
when	O
many	O
participants	O
were	O
online	O
at	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
wave	O
could	O
repeatedly	O
shift	O
roles	O
between	O
e-mail	O
and	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
depending	O
on	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
users	O
editing	O
it	O
concurrently	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ability	O
to	O
show	O
messages	O
as	O
they	O
are	O
typed	O
could	O
be	O
disabled	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
conventional	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ability	O
to	O
modify	O
a	O
wave	O
at	O
any	O
location	O
let	O
users	O
create	O
collaborative	O
documents	O
,	O
edited	O
in	O
a	O
manner	O
akin	O
to	O
wikis	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
During	O
the	O
initial	O
launch	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
,	O
invitations	O
were	O
widely	O
sought	O
by	O
users	O
and	O
were	O
sold	O
on	O
auction	O
sites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
who	O
received	O
invitations	O
and	O
decided	O
to	O
test	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
could	O
not	O
communicate	O
with	O
their	O
contacts	O
on	O
their	O
regular	O
email	O
accounts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
initially	O
received	O
positive	O
press	O
coverage	O
for	O
its	O
design	O
and	O
potential	O
uses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
4	O
,	O
2010	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
Wave	O
would	O
no	O
longer	O
be	O
developed	O
as	O
a	O
stand-alone	O
product	O
due	O
to	O
a	O
lack	O
of	O
interest	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
statement	O
surprised	O
many	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
and	O
user	O
community	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
later	O
clarified	O
the	O
Wave	O
service	O
would	O
be	O
available	O
until	O
Google	B-Application
Docs	I-Application
was	O
capable	O
of	O
accessing	O
saved	O
waves	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
their	O
announcement	O
in	O
early	O
August	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
website	O
recorded	O
over	O
49,000	O
supporter	O
registrations	O
urging	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
's	O
continuation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
retrospect	O
,	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
success	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
was	O
attributed	O
among	O
other	O
things	O
to	O
its	O
complicated	O
user	O
interface	O
resulting	O
from	O
a	O
product	O
that	O
merged	O
features	O
of	O
email	O
,	O
instant	B-Application
messengers	I-Application
and	O
wikis	B-Protocol
but	O
ultimately	O
failed	O
to	O
do	O
anything	O
significantly	O
better	O
than	O
the	O
existing	O
solutions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Chris	O
Dawson	O
of	O
online	O
technology	O
magazine	O
Zdnet	O
discussed	O
inconsistencies	O
in	O
the	O
reasoning	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
in	O
deciding	O
to	O
end	O
support	O
for	O
Wave	O
,	O
mentioning	O
its	O
"	O
deep	O
involvement	O
"	O
in	O
developing	O
social	O
media	O
networks	O
,	O
to	O
which	O
many	O
of	O
Wave	O
's	O
capabilities	O
are	O
ideally	O
suited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
was	O
accepted	O
by	O
the	O
Apache	O
Software	O
Foundation	O
's	O
Incubator	O
program	O
under	O
the	O
project	O
name	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
Google	I-Application
Wave	O
Developer	O
blog	O
was	O
updated	O
with	O
news	O
of	O
the	O
change	O
on	O
December	O
6	O
,	O
2010	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Wave	O
Proposal	O
page	O
with	O
details	O
on	O
the	O
project	O
's	O
goals	O
was	O
created	O
on	O
the	O
Apache	O
Foundation	O
's	O
Incubator	O
Wiki	B-Protocol
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wave	B-Application
in	I-Application
a	I-Application
Box	I-Application
is	O
the	O
current	O
server	O
implementation	O
of	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
2016	O
,	O
several	O
discussions	O
took	O
place	O
within	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
community	O
,	O
aiming	O
to	O
tackle	O
the	O
stagnation	O
and	O
crisis	O
state	O
of	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Apache	O
Software	O
Foundation	O
mentor	O
of	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
,	O
Upayavira	O
,	O
was	O
concerned	O
on	O
the	O
project	O
stagnation	O
,	O
but	O
framed	O
SwellRT	B-Protocol
(	O
a	O
fork	O
which	O
re-engineered	O
Wave	O
into	O
a	O
backend-as-a-service	O
for	O
building	O
apps	O
)	O
as	O
Wave	O
's	O
potential	O
savior	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eventually	O
,	O
Wave	O
was	O
approved	O
to	O
continue	O
within	O
Apache	O
incubator	O
program	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
SwellRT	B-Protocol
codebase	O
was	O
placed	O
in	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
repository	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
grant	O
the	O
Wave	O
community	O
access	O
to	O
it	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
regard	O
,	O
Intellectual	O
Property	O
of	O
SwellRT	B-Protocol
was	O
transferred	O
to	O
the	O
Apache	O
Foundation	O
in	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Still	O
this	O
was	O
not	O
sufficient	O
to	O
resurrect	O
Wave	O
's	O
developer	O
community	O
,	O
and	O
SwellRT	B-Protocol
continued	O
as	O
independent	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
is	O
extensible	O
through	O
an	O
application	B-Application
programming	I-Application
interface	I-Application
(	O
API	B-Application
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
last	O
version	O
of	O
robots	O
API	B-Application
is	O
2.0	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
also	O
supports	O
extension	O
installers	O
,	O
which	O
bundle	O
back-end	O
elements	O
(	O
robots	O
and	O
gadgets	O
)	O
and	O
front-end	O
user	O
interface	O
elements	O
into	O
an	O
integrated	O
package	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
extensions	O
are	O
add-ins	B-Application
that	O
may	O
be	O
installed	O
on	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
to	O
enhance	O
its	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
may	O
be	O
Internet	B-Protocol
bots	I-Protocol
(	O
robots	O
)	O
to	O
automate	O
common	O
tasks	O
,	O
or	O
gadgets	O
to	O
extend	O
or	O
change	O
user	O
interaction	O
features	O
,	O
e.g.	O
,	O
posting	O
blips	O
on	O
microblog	B-Application
feeds	O
or	O
providing	O
RSVP	O
recording	O
mechanisms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Over	O
150	O
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
extensions	O
have	O
been	O
developed	O
either	O
in	O
the	O
form	O
of	O
Gadgets	O
or	O
Robots	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
gadget	O
is	O
an	O
application	O
users	O
could	O
participate	O
with	O
,	O
many	O
of	O
which	O
are	O
built	O
on	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
OpenSocial	B-Application
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
provides	O
federation	O
using	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
Extensible	B-Protocol
Messaging	I-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
Presence	I-Protocol
Protocol	I-Protocol
(	O
XMPP	B-Protocol
)	O
,	O
the	O
free	O
Wave	O
Federation	O
Protocol	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
hoped	O
that	O
waves	O
would	O
replace	O
e-mail	O
as	O
the	O
dominant	O
form	O
of	O
Internet	O
communication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
way	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
intended	O
to	O
be	O
only	O
one	O
of	O
many	O
wave	O
providers	O
and	O
to	O
also	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
supplement	O
to	O
e-mail	O
,	O
instant	B-Application
messaging	I-Application
,	O
FTP	B-Protocol
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Security	O
for	O
the	O
communications	O
is	O
provided	O
via	O
Transport	B-Protocol
Layer	I-Protocol
Security	I-Protocol
authentication	O
,	O
and	O
encrypted	O
connections	O
and	O
waves/wavelets	O
are	O
identified	O
uniquely	O
by	O
a	O
service	O
provider	O
's	O
domain	O
name	O
and	O
ID	O
strings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Besides	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
itself	O
,	O
there	O
were	O
other	O
open-source	O
variants	O
of	O
servers	O
and	O
clients	O
with	O
different	O
percentage	O
of	O
Wave	O
Federation	O
and	O
Wave	O
Protocol	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wave	O
was	O
re-engineered	O
into	O
a	O
backend-as-a-service	O
solution	O
by	O
the	O
SwellRT	B-Protocol
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wave	O
was	O
adopted	O
in	O
different	O
forms	O
for	O
corporate	O
applications	O
by	O
Novell	O
for	O
Novell	B-Application
Pulse	I-Application
,	O
or	O
by	O
SAP	B-Application
for	O
Cloudave	O
,	O
and	O
community	O
projects	O
such	O
as	O
PyOfWave	O
or	O
Kune	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
servers	O
were	O
compatible	O
with	O
the	B-Application
Google	I-Application
Wave	O
protocol	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
Kune	B-Application
is	O
a	O
free/open	O
source	O
platform	O
for	O
social	O
networking	O
,	O
collaborative	O
work	O
and	O
web	O
publishing	O
,	O
focusing	O
on	O
work	O
groups	O
and	O
organizations	O
rather	O
than	O
in	O
individuals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
focuses	O
on	O
free	B-Application
culture	I-Application
and	O
social	O
movements	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Novell	B-Application
Vibe	I-Application
,	O
formerly	O
known	O
as	O
Novell	B-Application
Pulse	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
user	O
is	O
able	O
to	O
sign	O
in	O
using	O
a	O
Google	B-Application
or	O
Facebook	O
account	O
and	O
choose	O
whether	O
your	O
topics	O
are	O
private	O
or	O
public	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SAP	B-Protocol
StreamWork	I-Protocol
is	O
a	O
collaboration	O
decision	O
making	O
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
SwellRT	B-Protocol
is	O
a	O
backend-as-a-service	O
for	O
building	O
collaborative	O
and	O
federated	O
apps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
a	O
fork	O
which	O
re-engineered	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
,	O
and	O
was	O
adopted	O
within	O
the	O
Apache	B-Application
Wave	I-Application
project	O
.	O
</s>
