<s>
Globally	B-Language
Executable	I-Language
MHP	I-Language
(	O
GEM	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
DVB	B-Application
specification	O
of	O
a	O
Java	B-Device
based	O
middleware	O
for	O
TV	O
broadcast	O
receivers	O
,	O
IPTV	O
terminals	O
and	O
Blu-ray	O
players	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GEM	O
defines	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
common	O
functionalities	O
which	O
are	O
independent	O
from	O
the	O
signaling	O
and	O
protocols	O
of	O
a	O
specific	O
transmission	O
network	O
and	O
enables	O
to	O
write	O
interoperable	O
Java	B-Device
applications	O
for	O
TV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
GEM	O
defines	O
targets	O
(	O
API	B-General_Concept
profiles	O
)	O
for	O
broadcast	O
,	O
packaged	O
media	O
(	O
Blu-Ray	O
)	O
and	O
IPTV	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
few	O
years	O
ago	O
,	O
the	O
DVB	B-Application
project	I-Application
started	O
the	O
development	O
of	O
a	O
Java-based	O
application	O
platform	O
(	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
APIs	B-General_Concept
)	O
,	O
called	O
MHP	B-Device
,	O
intended	O
to	O
support	O
software	O
applications	O
running	O
on	O
digital	B-Application
television	I-Application
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
applications	O
could	O
include	O
Electronic	B-Device
Program	I-Device
Guides	I-Device
(	O
EPG	B-Device
's	O
)	O
,	O
interactivity	O
,	O
Video	B-Application
on	I-Application
Demand	I-Application
(	O
VOD	O
)	O
,	O
email	O
through	O
your	O
television	O
,	O
etc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
MHP	B-Device
specification	O
defines	O
the	O
download	O
of	O
MHP	B-Device
applications	O
(	O
"	O
xlets	B-Language
"	O
)	O
over	O
transmission	O
networks	O
based	O
on	O
other	O
DVB	B-Application
specifications	O
(	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
over-the-air	O
or	O
terrestrial	O
networks	O
using	O
DVB-T	O
,	O
satellite	O
networks	O
using	O
DVB-S	O
,	O
cable	O
networks	O
using	O
DVB-C	B-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
other	O
specification	O
bodies	O
such	O
as	O
CableLabs	O
and	O
the	O
Blu-ray	O
Disc	O
Association	O
chose	O
to	O
base	O
their	O
own	O
DTV	B-Application
software	O
standards	O
on	O
MHP	B-Device
it	O
became	O
necessary	O
to	O
define	O
a	O
subset	O
of	O
MHP	B-Device
which	O
removes	O
the	O
transmission-related	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
MHP	B-Device
specification	O
but	O
retains	O
the	O
application	O
API	B-General_Concept
's	O
,	O
thus	O
allowing	O
broad	O
content	O
compatibility	O
across	O
a	O
range	O
of	O
delivery	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2010	O
,	O
the	O
DVB	B-Application
project	I-Application
made	O
GEM	O
the	O
primary	O
middleware	O
specification	O
and	O
released	O
a	O
self-contained	O
version	O
of	O
GEM	O
in	O
ETSI	O
TS	O
102	O
728	O
,	O
citing	O
MHP	B-Device
only	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
many	O
already-existing	O
implementations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
Multimedia	B-Device
Home	I-Device
Platform	I-Device
(	O
MHP	B-Device
)	O
,	O
the	O
open	O
,	O
multi-platform	O
middleware	O
specification	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
DVB	B-Application
project	I-Application
,	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
OpenCable	B-Device
Application	I-Device
Platform	I-Device
(	O
OCAP	O
/	O
tru2way	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
an	O
Interactive	O
television	O
(	O
iTV	O
)	O
middleware	O
software	O
layer	O
for	O
US	O
cable	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
Advanced	O
Common	O
Application	O
Platform	O
(	O
ACAP	O
)	O
from	O
North	O
America	O
's	O
ATSC	B-Device
,	O
</s>
<s>
GEM-IPTV	O
,	O
a	O
version	O
of	O
GEM	O
developed	O
by	O
DVB	B-Application
intended	O
for	O
telco-based	O
networks	O
,	O
</s>
<s>
BD-J	B-Language
the	O
Java-platform	O
for	O
the	O
Blu-ray	O
Disc	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
all	O
these	O
platforms	O
are	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
common	O
GEM-core	O
,	O
making	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
write	O
Java	B-Device
applications	O
that	O
will	O
run	O
interoperably	O
on	O
all	O
these	O
systems	O
.	O
</s>
