<s>
Gigabit	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
is	O
the	O
name	O
given	O
to	O
wireless	O
communication	O
systems	O
whose	O
data	O
transfer	O
speeds	O
reach	O
or	O
exceed	O
one	O
gigabit	O
(	O
one	O
billion	O
bits	O
)	O
per	O
second	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
speeds	O
are	O
achieved	O
with	O
complex	O
modulations	O
of	O
the	O
signal	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
quadrature	B-Device
amplitude	I-Device
modulation	I-Device
(	O
QAM	B-Device
)	O
or	O
signals	O
spanning	O
many	O
frequencies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
a	O
signal	O
spans	O
many	O
frequencies	O
,	O
physicists	O
refer	O
that	O
a	O
wide	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
signal	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
communication	O
industry	O
,	O
many	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
internet	I-General_Concept
service	I-General_Concept
providers	I-General_Concept
and	O
cell	O
phone	O
companies	O
deploy	O
wireless	O
radio	O
frequency	O
antennas	O
to	O
backhaul	B-General_Concept
core	O
networks	O
,	O
connect	O
businesses	O
,	O
and	O
even	O
individual	O
residential	O
homes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
+	O
Examples	O
of	O
frequency	O
and	O
bandwidths	B-Algorithm
at	O
and	O
approaching	O
Gigabit	B-General_Concept
Wireless	I-General_Concept
Category	O
Frequency	O
Band	O
size	O
(	O
MHz	O
)	O
Modulations	O
Full	O
Duplex	O
capacity	O
(	O
Mbit/s	O
)	O
Distance	O
References	O
Indoor	O
Consumer	O
Grade	O
AC	O
5	O
GHz	O
80	O
IEEE	O
802.11ac	O
~	O
200	O
Same	O
room	O
"	O
Gigabit	B-General_Concept
Wireless	I-General_Concept
?	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
05	O
March	O
2016	O
Outdoor	O
PtP	B-Architecture
AC	O
5	O
GHz	O
80	O
x	O
2	O
(	O
160	O
)	O
IEEE	O
802.11ac	O
750	O
50	O
km	O
Unlicensed	O
carrier	O
grade	O
24	O
GHz	O
100	O
256	O
QAM	B-Device
1000	O
15	O
km	O
"	O
AirFiber	O
HD	O
"	O
,	O
ubnt.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
05	O
March	O
2016	O
Licensed	O
modern	O
carrier	O
grade	O
11	O
GHz	O
100	O
256	O
QAM	B-Device
750	O
100	O
km	O
"	O
Mimosa	O
B11	O
"	O
,	O
Mimosa.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
05	O
March	O
2016	O
Carrier	O
grade	O
V-Band	B-Algorithm
60	O
GHz	O
125-500	O
64	O
QAM	B-Device
500	O
-	O
1000	O
1	O
km	O
-	O
2.4	O
km	O
"	O
EtherHaul-600	O
V-Band	B-Algorithm
Radio	O
"	O
,	O
Siklu.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
05	O
March	O
2016Triad	O
Wireless	O
+	O
IgniteNet	O
MetroLinq	O
PtP	B-Architecture
,	O
prweb.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
03	O
March	O
2017	O
Carrier	O
grade	O
E-Band	O
80	O
GHz	O
125-1250	O
32	O
QAM	B-Device
1000	O
-	O
10,000	O
10	O
km	O
"	O
EtherHaul-1200FX	O
E-Band	O
Radio	O
"	O
,	O
Siklu.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
05	O
March	O
2016	O
"	O
80GHz	O
High-capacity	O
Wireless	O
Carrier	O
Backhaul	B-General_Concept
Links	O
"	O
,	O
Bridgewave.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
:	O
the	O
higher	O
bandwidth	B-Algorithm
devices	O
require	O
a	O
less	O
complex	O
modulation	O
to	O
achieve	O
high	O
speeds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Retrieved	O
01	O
February	O
2021	O
V	B-Algorithm
Band	I-Algorithm
Yes	O
Mimosa	O
licensed	O
11	O
GHz	O
antennas	O
,	O
and	O
unlicensed	O
5	O
GHz	O
Yes	O
Siklu	O
V	O
and	O
E	B-Algorithm
Band	I-Algorithm
Yes	O
Ubiquiti	O
Unlicensed	O
5	O
,	O
24	O
and	O
60	O
GHz	O
Yes	O
Bridgewave	O
V	O
and	O
E	B-Algorithm
Band	I-Algorithm
Yes	O
Vubiq	O
V	B-Algorithm
Band	I-Algorithm
Yes	O
Athena	O
V	B-Algorithm
Band	I-Algorithm
No	O
(	O
bought	O
by	O
Google	O
)	O
Google	O
buys	O
Phoenix-area	O
wireless	O
R&D	O
company	O
,	O
bizjournals.com,	O
Apr	O
14	O
,	O
2015	O
IgniteNet	O
IgniteNet	O
MetroLinq	O
PtP	B-Architecture
and	O
PtMP	O
Systems	O
,	O
IgniteNet.com	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
can	O
be	O
achieved	O
through	O
fiber	B-Architecture
to	I-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
premises	I-Architecture
broadband	O
network	O
architecture	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
more	O
affordable	O
alternative	O
using	O
fixed	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
in	O
the	O
last	B-Protocol
mile	I-Protocol
in	O
combination	O
with	O
the	O
fiber	O
networks	O
in	O
the	O
middle	B-Architecture
mile	I-Architecture
in	O
order	O
to	O
reduce	O
the	O
costs	O
of	O
trenching	O
fiber	O
optic	O
cables	O
to	O
the	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
,	O
60	O
GHz	O
V	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
is	O
unlicensed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
makes	O
the	O
V	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
an	O
appealing	O
choice	O
to	O
be	O
used	O
as	O
fixed	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
access	O
for	O
Gbit/s	O
services	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
homes	O
and	O
businesses	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similarly	O
,	O
70/80	O
GHz	O
E	B-Algorithm
band	I-Algorithm
is	O
lightly	O
licensed	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
more	O
accessible	O
to	O
more	O
providers	O
to	O
provide	O
such	O
services	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
of	O
those	O
ISP	O
's	O
was	O
Webpass	O
,	O
a	O
company	O
founded	O
in	O
2003	O
in	O
San	O
Francisco	O
as	O
a	O
wireless	B-General_Concept
ISP	I-General_Concept
focusing	O
on	O
buildings	O
in	O
big	O
cities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
device	O
is	O
a	O
fixed	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
unit	O
attached	O
to	O
a	O
window	O
as	O
an	O
access	O
point	O
to	O
connect	O
to	O
Starry	O
core	O
networks	O
using	O
a	O
millimetre	O
wave	O
band	O
communication	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2016	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Fiber	I-Application
acquired	O
Webpass	O
to	O
boost	O
its	O
effort	O
in	O
its	O
experiments	O
with	O
wireless	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Fiber	I-Application
put	O
its	O
effort	O
on	O
fiber	B-Architecture
to	I-Architecture
the	I-Architecture
premises	I-Architecture
on	O
hold	O
to	O
explore	O
more	O
on	O
the	O
cheaper	O
wireless	O
alternative	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
early	O
2017	O
,	O
the	O
Webpass	O
division	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Fiber	I-Application
expanded	O
1	O
Gbit/s	O
wireless	O
service	O
to	O
customers	O
in	O
many	O
cities	O
in	O
the	O
United	O
States	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
November	O
2016	O
,	O
Atlas	O
Networks	O
,	O
an	O
ISP	O
that	O
serves	O
Seattle	O
,	O
deployed	O
its	O
V-band	B-Algorithm
Gbit/s	O
service	O
to	O
customers	O
within	O
the	O
to	O
its	O
fiber	O
networks	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
Cloudwifi	O
,	O
a	O
startup	O
ISP	O
based	O
in	O
Kitchener	O
,	O
Ontario	O
started	O
using	O
60	O
GHz	O
band	O
fixed	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
to	O
provide	O
Gbit/s	O
connectivity	O
to	O
customers	O
within	O
the	O
range	O
of	O
its	O
fiber	O
connection	O
points	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
October	O
2017	O
,	O
Newark	O
Fiber	O
enabled	O
its	O
first	O
customer	O
in	O
Newark	O
,	O
New	O
Jersey	O
with	O
10	O
Gbit/s	O
fixed	B-General_Concept
wireless	I-General_Concept
service	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Newark	O
Fiber	O
used	O
V-band	B-Algorithm
10	O
Gbit/s	O
transmitters	O
with	O
the	O
distance	O
of	O
up	O
to	O
.	O
</s>
