<s>
ggplot2	B-Application
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-License
data	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
package	B-Language
for	O
the	O
statistical	B-Algorithm
programming	I-Algorithm
language	O
R	B-Language
.	O
Created	O
by	O
Hadley	O
Wickham	O
in	O
2005	O
,	O
ggplot2	B-Application
is	O
an	O
implementation	O
of	O
Leland	O
Wilkinson	O
's	O
Grammar	O
of	O
Graphics	O
—	O
a	O
general	O
scheme	O
for	O
data	B-Application
visualization	I-Application
which	O
breaks	O
up	O
graphs	O
into	O
semantic	O
components	O
such	O
as	O
scales	O
and	O
layers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
ggplot2	B-Application
can	O
serve	O
as	O
a	O
replacement	O
for	O
the	O
base	O
graphics	O
in	O
R	B-Language
and	O
contains	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
defaults	O
for	O
web	O
and	O
print	O
display	O
of	O
common	O
scales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
2005	O
,	O
ggplot2	B-Application
has	O
grown	O
in	O
use	O
to	O
become	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
R	B-Language
packages	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
2	O
March	O
2012	O
,	O
ggplot2	B-Application
version	O
0.9.0	O
was	O
released	O
with	O
numerous	O
changes	O
to	O
internal	O
organization	O
,	O
scale	O
construction	O
and	O
layers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
25	O
February	O
2014	O
,	O
Hadley	O
Wickham	O
formally	O
announced	O
that	O
"	O
ggplot2	B-Application
is	O
shifting	O
to	O
maintenance	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
recognition	O
 [ of ] 	O
this	O
significant	O
milestone	O
,	O
the	O
next	O
version	O
of	O
ggplot2	B-Application
will	O
be	O
1.0.0	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
21	O
December	O
2015	O
,	O
ggplot	B-Application
2.0.0	O
was	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
announcement	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
stated	O
that	O
"	O
ggplot2	B-Application
now	O
has	O
an	O
official	O
extension	O
mechanism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
base	O
R	B-Language
graphics	O
,	O
ggplot2	B-Application
allows	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
add	O
,	O
remove	O
or	O
alter	O
components	O
in	O
a	O
plot	O
at	O
a	O
high	O
level	O
of	O
abstraction	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
abstraction	O
comes	O
at	O
a	O
cost	O
,	O
with	O
ggplot2	B-Application
being	O
slower	O
than	O
lattice	O
graphics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Creating	O
a	O
different	O
plot	O
for	O
various	O
subsets	O
of	O
the	O
data	O
requires	O
for	O
loops	O
and	O
manual	O
management	O
in	O
base	O
R	B-Language
graphics	O
,	O
whereas	O
ggplot2	B-Application
simplifies	O
that	O
process	O
with	O
a	O
collection	O
of	O
"	O
facet	O
"	O
functions	O
to	O
choose	O
from	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
One	O
potential	O
limitation	O
of	O
base	O
R	B-Language
graphics	O
is	O
the	O
"	O
pen-and-paper	O
model	O
"	O
utilized	O
to	O
populate	O
the	O
plotting	O
device	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
this	O
respect	O
it	O
is	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
lattice	O
package	B-Language
,	O
though	O
Wickham	O
argues	O
ggplot2	B-Application
inherits	O
a	O
more	O
formal	O
model	O
of	O
graphics	O
from	O
Wilkinson	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Plots	O
may	O
be	O
created	O
via	O
the	O
convenience	O
function	O
qplot( )	O
where	O
arguments	O
and	O
defaults	O
are	O
meant	O
to	O
be	O
similar	O
to	O
base	O
R	B-Language
's	O
plot( )	O
function	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
More	O
complex	O
plotting	O
capacity	O
is	O
available	O
via	O
ggplot( )	O
which	O
exposes	O
the	O
user	O
to	O
more	O
explicit	O
elements	O
of	O
the	O
grammar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Lets-Plot	O
for	O
Python	O
library	O
includes	O
a	O
native	O
backend	O
and	O
a	O
Python	O
API	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
mostly	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
ggplot2	B-Application
package	B-Language
well-known	O
to	O
data	O
scientists	O
who	O
use	O
R	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lets-Plot	O
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-License
plotting	O
library	O
for	O
statistical	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
