<s>
The	O
GeForce	B-Device
20	I-Device
series	I-Device
is	O
a	O
family	O
of	O
graphics	B-Architecture
processing	I-Architecture
units	I-Architecture
developed	O
by	O
Nvidia	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Serving	O
as	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
10	I-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
the	O
line	O
started	O
shipping	O
on	O
September	O
20	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
and	O
after	O
several	O
editions	O
,	O
on	O
July	O
2	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
Super	O
line	O
of	O
cards	O
was	O
announced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
20	O
series	O
marked	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
Turing	O
microarchitecture	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
generation	O
of	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
cards	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
to	O
implement	O
realtime	B-General_Concept
hardware	B-Algorithm
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
consumer	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
a	O
departure	O
from	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
usual	O
strategy	O
,	O
the	O
20	O
series	O
has	O
no	O
entry	O
level	O
range	O
,	O
leaving	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
16	B-Device
series	I-Device
to	O
cover	O
this	O
segment	O
of	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
cards	O
are	O
succeeded	O
by	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
30	I-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
powered	O
by	O
the	O
Ampere	B-General_Concept
microarchitecture	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
August	O
14	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
Nvidia	O
teased	O
the	O
announcement	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
card	O
in	O
the	O
20	O
series	O
,	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
,	O
shortly	O
after	O
introducing	O
the	O
Turing	O
architecture	O
at	O
SIGGRAPH	O
earlier	O
that	O
year	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GeForce	B-Device
20	I-Device
series	I-Device
was	O
finally	O
announced	O
at	O
Gamescom	O
on	O
August	O
20	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
becoming	O
the	O
first	O
line	O
of	O
graphics	O
cards	O
"	O
designed	O
to	O
handle	O
real-time	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
"	O
thanks	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
inclusion	O
of	O
dedicated	O
tensor	O
and	O
RT	O
cores.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
Nvidia	O
had	O
trademarked	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
and	O
Quadro	B-Application
RTX	B-Algorithm
as	O
names	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Serving	O
as	O
the	O
successor	O
to	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
10	I-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
the	O
20	O
series	O
marked	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
Turing	O
microarchitecture	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
first	O
generation	O
of	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
cards	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
in	O
the	O
industry	O
to	O
implement	O
realtime	B-General_Concept
hardware	B-Algorithm
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
in	O
a	O
consumer	O
product	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Released	O
in	O
late	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2080	I-Device
was	O
marketed	O
as	O
up	O
to	O
75%	O
faster	O
than	O
the	O
GTX	B-Device
1080	I-Device
in	O
various	O
games	O
,	O
also	O
describing	O
the	O
chip	O
as	O
"	O
the	O
most	O
significant	O
generational	O
upgrade	O
to	O
its	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
since	O
the	O
first	O
CUDA	O
cores	O
in	O
2006	O
,	O
"	O
according	O
to	O
PC	O
Gamer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
Ti	I-Device
came	O
out	O
,	O
TechRadar	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
the	O
world	O
’s	O
most	O
powerful	O
GPU	B-Architecture
on	O
the	O
market.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
Founders	O
Edition	O
was	O
positively	O
reviewed	O
for	O
performance	O
by	O
PC	O
Gamer	O
on	O
September	O
19	O
,	O
2018	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
criticized	O
for	O
the	O
high	O
cost	O
to	O
consumers	O
,	O
also	O
noting	O
that	O
its	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
feature	O
was	O
n't	O
yet	O
utilized	O
by	O
many	O
programs	O
or	O
games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2019	O
,	O
Tom	O
's	O
Hardware	B-Algorithm
also	O
stated	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
Ti	I-Device
Xtreme	O
was	O
"	O
the	O
fastest	O
gaming	O
graphics	O
card	O
available	O
,	O
"	O
although	O
it	O
criticized	O
the	O
loudness	O
of	O
the	O
cooling	O
solution	O
,	O
the	O
size	O
and	O
heat	O
output	O
in	O
PC	B-General_Concept
cases	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
company	O
claimed	O
that	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
were	O
the	O
"	O
world	O
’s	O
first	O
graphics	O
cards	O
to	O
feature	O
super-fast	O
GDDR6	O
memory	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
DisplayPort	O
1.4	O
output	O
that	O
can	O
drive	O
up	O
to	O
8K	O
HDR	O
at	O
60Hz	O
on	O
future-generation	O
monitors	O
with	O
just	O
a	O
single	O
cable	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
USB	O
Type-C	O
output	O
for	O
next-generation	O
Virtual	O
Reality	O
headsets.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Released	O
in	O
December	O
2018	O
,	O
the	O
line	O
's	O
Titan	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
was	O
initially	O
priced	O
at	O
$2500	O
,	O
significantly	O
more	O
than	O
the	O
$1300	O
then	O
needed	O
for	O
a	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
Ti	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2019	O
,	O
Nvidia	O
announced	O
that	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
graphics	O
cards	O
would	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
40	O
new	O
laptops	O
from	O
various	O
companies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
that	O
month	O
,	O
in	O
response	O
to	O
negative	O
reactions	O
to	O
the	O
pricing	O
of	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
cards	O
,	O
Nvidia	O
CEO	O
Jensen	O
Huang	O
stated	O
"	O
They	O
were	O
right	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
 [ We ] 	O
were	O
anxious	O
to	O
get	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
in	O
the	O
mainstream	O
market	O
...	O
We	O
just	O
were	O
n’t	O
ready	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Now	O
we	O
’re	O
ready	O
,	O
and	O
it	O
’s	O
called	O
2060	O
,	O
"	O
in	O
reference	O
to	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2060	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
a	O
TechSpot	O
review	O
noted	O
that	O
the	O
newly	O
released	O
Radeon	O
VII	O
by	O
AMD	O
was	O
comparable	O
in	O
speeds	O
to	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
,	O
if	O
slightly	O
slower	O
in	O
games	O
,	O
with	O
both	O
priced	O
similarly	O
and	O
framed	O
as	O
direct	O
competitors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
2	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
Super	O
line	O
of	O
cards	O
was	O
announced	O
,	O
which	O
comprises	O
higher-spec	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
2060	O
,	O
2070	O
and	O
2080	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
July	O
2019	O
,	O
NVidia	O
stated	O
the	O
"	O
SUPER	O
"	O
graphics	O
cards	O
in	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
20	O
series	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
introduced	O
,	O
had	O
a	O
15%	O
performance	O
advantage	O
over	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2060	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
PC	O
World	O
called	O
the	O
super	O
editions	O
a	O
"	O
modest	O
"	O
upgrade	O
for	O
the	O
price	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
2080	O
Super	O
chip	O
the	O
"	O
second	O
most-powerful	O
GPU	B-Architecture
ever	O
released	O
"	O
in	O
terms	O
of	O
speed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2020	O
,	O
PC	O
Mag	O
listed	O
the	O
Nvidia	B-Device
GeForce	I-Device
RTX	I-Device
2070	I-Device
Super	I-Device
as	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
"	O
best	O
 [ 8 ] 	O
graphics	O
cards	O
for	O
4k	O
gaming	O
in	O
2020.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2080	I-Device
Founders	O
Edition	O
,	O
Super	O
,	O
and	O
Ti	O
were	O
also	O
listed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2020	O
,	O
graphic	O
cards	O
including	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2060	I-Device
,	O
RTX	B-Device
2060	I-Device
Super	I-Device
,	O
RTX	B-Device
2070	I-Device
and	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2080	I-Device
Super	I-Device
were	O
announced	O
as	O
discounted	O
by	O
retailers	O
in	O
expectation	O
of	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
3080	I-Device
launch	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2020	O
,	O
Nvidia	O
announced	O
100	O
new	O
laptops	O
licensed	O
to	O
include	O
either	O
GeForce	B-Application
GTX	I-Application
and	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
models	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Due	O
to	O
production	O
problems	O
surrounding	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
30-series	I-Device
cards	I-Device
and	O
a	O
general	O
shortage	O
of	O
graphics	O
cards	O
due	O
to	O
production	O
issues	O
caused	O
by	O
the	O
ongoing	O
COVID-19	O
pandemic	O
,	O
which	O
led	O
to	O
a	O
global	O
semiconductor	O
shortage	O
,	O
and	O
general	O
demand	O
for	O
graphics	O
cards	O
increasing	O
due	O
to	O
an	O
increase	O
in	O
cryptocurrency	O
mining	O
,	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2060	I-Device
and	O
its	O
Super	O
counterpart	O
,	O
alongside	O
the	O
GTX	B-Device
1050	I-Device
Ti	O
,	O
were	O
brought	O
back	O
into	O
production	O
in	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Furthermore	O
,	O
the	O
RTX	B-Device
2060	I-Device
was	O
reissued	O
on	O
December	O
7	O
,	O
2021	O
as	O
a	O
variant	O
with	O
12GB	O
of	O
VRAM	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
20	O
series	O
is	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
Turing	O
microarchitecture	O
and	O
features	O
real-time	O
hardware	B-Algorithm
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
example	O
features	O
in	O
Turing	O
included	O
mesh	O
shaders	O
,	O
Ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
(	O
RT	O
)	O
cores	O
(	O
bounding	B-Data_Structure
volume	I-Data_Structure
hierarchy	I-Data_Structure
acceleration	O
)	O
,	O
tensor	O
(	O
AI	O
)	O
cores	O
,	O
dedicated	O
Integer	O
(	O
INT	O
)	O
cores	O
for	O
concurrent	O
execution	O
of	O
integer	O
,	O
and	O
floating	B-Algorithm
point	I-Algorithm
operations	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
20	I-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
this	O
real-time	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
is	O
accelerated	O
by	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
new	O
RT	O
cores	O
,	O
which	O
are	O
designed	O
to	O
process	O
quadtrees	B-Data_Structure
and	O
spherical	O
hierarchies	O
,	O
and	O
speed	O
up	O
collision	O
tests	O
with	O
individual	O
triangles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
performed	O
by	O
the	O
RT	O
cores	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
produce	O
effects	O
such	O
as	O
reflections	O
,	O
refractions	O
,	O
shadows	O
,	O
depth	O
of	O
field	O
,	O
light	O
scattering	O
and	O
caustics	O
,	O
replacing	O
traditional	O
raster	O
techniques	O
such	O
as	O
cube	O
maps	O
and	O
depth	O
maps	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Notes	O
:	O
Instead	O
of	O
replacing	O
rasterization	O
entirely	O
,	O
however	O
,	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
is	O
offered	O
in	O
a	O
hybrid	O
model	O
,	O
in	O
which	O
the	O
information	O
gathered	O
from	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
augment	O
the	O
rasterized	O
shading	O
for	O
more	O
photo-realistic	O
results	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
generation	O
Tensor	O
Cores	O
(	O
succeeding	O
Volta	B-General_Concept
's	O
)	O
work	O
in	O
cooperation	O
with	O
the	O
RT	O
cores	O
,	O
and	O
their	O
AI	O
features	O
are	O
used	O
mainly	O
to	O
two	O
ends	O
:	O
firstly	O
,	O
de-noising	O
a	O
partially	O
ray	O
traced	O
image	O
by	O
filling	O
in	O
the	O
blanks	O
between	O
rays	O
cast	O
;	O
also	O
another	O
application	O
of	O
the	O
Tensor	O
cores	O
is	O
DLSS	B-Device
(	O
deep	B-Algorithm
learning	I-Algorithm
super-sampling	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
method	O
to	O
replace	O
anti-aliasing	O
,	O
by	O
artificially	O
generating	O
detail	O
to	O
upscale	O
the	O
rendered	O
image	O
into	O
a	O
higher	O
resolution	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Tensor	O
cores	O
apply	O
deep	B-Algorithm
learning	I-Algorithm
models	O
(	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
an	O
image	O
resolution	O
enhancement	O
model	O
)	O
which	O
are	O
constructed	O
using	O
supercomputers	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
problem	O
to	O
be	O
solved	O
is	O
analyzed	O
on	O
the	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
,	O
which	O
is	O
taught	O
by	O
example	O
what	O
results	O
are	O
desired	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
supercomputer	B-Architecture
then	O
outputs	O
a	O
model	O
which	O
is	O
then	O
executed	O
on	O
the	O
consumer	O
's	O
Tensor	O
cores	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nvidia	O
segregates	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
dies	O
for	O
Turing	O
into	O
A	O
and	O
non-A	O
variants	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
appended	O
or	O
excluded	O
on	O
the	O
hundreds	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
GPU	B-Architecture
code	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
GeForce	B-Device
20	I-Device
series	I-Device
was	O
launched	O
with	O
GDDR6	O
memory	O
chips	O
from	O
Micron	O
Technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
reported	O
faults	O
with	O
launch	O
models	O
,	O
Nvidia	O
switched	O
to	O
using	O
GDDR6	O
memory	O
chips	O
from	O
Samsung	B-Application
Electronics	O
by	O
November	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
GeForce	B-Device
20	I-Device
series	I-Device
,	O
Nvidia	O
introduced	O
the	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
development	O
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RTX	B-Algorithm
uses	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
DXR	B-Algorithm
,	O
Nvidia	O
's	O
OptiX	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
Vulkan	B-Application
for	O
access	O
to	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
ray	B-Algorithm
tracing	I-Algorithm
technology	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
Turing	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
was	O
in	O
development	O
at	O
Nvidia	O
for	O
10	O
years	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Nvidia	O
's	O
Nsight	O
Visual	O
Studio	O
Edition	O
application	O
is	O
used	O
to	O
inspect	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
the	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
All	O
of	O
the	O
cards	O
in	O
the	O
series	O
have	O
a	O
PCIe	O
3.0	O
x16	O
interface	O
,	O
which	O
connects	O
it	O
to	O
the	O
CPU	B-General_Concept
,	O
manufactured	O
using	O
a	O
12	O
nm	O
FinFET	O
process	O
from	O
TSMC	O
,	O
and	O
use	O
GDDR6	O
memory	O
(	O
initially	O
Micron	O
chips	O
upon	O
launch	O
,	O
and	O
later	O
Samsung	B-Application
chips	O
from	O
November	O
2018	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Model	O
Launch	O
date	O
Launch	O
MSRP	O
(	O
USD	O
)	O
Codename(s )	O
NVIDIA	O
no	O
longer	O
differentiates	O
A	O
and	O
non-A	O
GeForce	B-Device
RTX	I-Device
2070	I-Device
and	O
2080	O
dies	O
after	O
May	O
2019	O
,	O
with	O
later	O
dies	O
for	O
the	O
affected	O
models	O
marked	O
without	O
'	O
A	O
 '	O
suffix	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Only	O
the	O
RTX	B-Algorithm
2050	O
is	O
using	O
Ampere	B-General_Concept
GA107	O
chip	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
manufactured	O
using	O
a	O
8N	B-Algorithm
process	O
from	O
Samsung	B-Application
.	O
</s>
