<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
(	O
originally	O
Animo	O
,	O
Game	O
Maker	O
(	O
until	O
2011	O
)	O
and	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
)	O
is	O
a	O
series	O
of	O
cross-platform	B-Operating_System
game	O
engines	O
created	O
by	O
Mark	O
Overmars	O
in	O
1999	O
and	O
developed	O
by	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
since	O
2007	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
latest	O
iteration	O
of	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
released	O
in	O
2022	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
accommodates	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
cross-platform	B-Operating_System
and	O
multi-genre	O
video	O
games	O
using	O
a	O
custom	O
drag-and-drop	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
language	I-Language
or	O
a	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
known	O
as	O
Game	O
Maker	O
Language	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
develop	O
more	O
advanced	O
games	O
that	O
could	O
not	O
be	O
created	O
just	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
visual	B-Language
programming	I-Language
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
was	O
originally	O
designed	O
to	O
allow	O
novice	O
computer	B-Application
programmers	I-Application
to	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
make	O
computer	O
games	O
without	O
much	O
programming	O
knowledge	O
by	O
use	O
of	O
these	O
actions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Recent	O
versions	O
of	O
software	O
also	O
focus	O
on	O
appealing	O
to	O
advanced	O
developers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
is	O
primarily	O
intended	O
for	O
making	O
games	O
with	O
2D	O
graphics	O
,	O
allowing	O
out-of-box	B-General_Concept
use	O
of	O
raster	B-Algorithm
graphics	I-Algorithm
,	O
vector	O
graphics	O
(	O
via	O
SWF	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
2D	O
skeletal	O
animations	O
(	O
via	O
Esoteric	O
Software	O
's	O
Spine	O
)	O
along	O
with	O
a	O
large	O
standard	O
library	O
for	O
drawing	O
graphics	O
and	O
2D	O
primitives	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
the	O
software	O
allows	O
for	O
limited	O
use	O
of	O
3D	O
graphics	O
,	O
this	O
is	O
in	O
form	O
of	O
vertex	O
buffer	O
and	O
matrix	B-Algorithm
functions	O
,	O
and	O
as	O
such	O
not	O
intended	O
for	O
novice	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
engine	O
uses	O
Direct3D	B-Application
on	O
Windows	O
,	O
UWP	O
,	O
and	O
Xbox	B-Device
One	I-Device
;	O
OpenGL	B-Application
on	O
macOS	B-Application
and	O
Linux	O
;	O
OpenGL	B-Application
ES	I-Application
on	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Application
,	O
WebGL	B-Library
or	O
2d	B-Language
canvas	I-Language
on	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
and	O
proprietary	B-Application
APIs	O
on	O
consoles	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
engine	O
's	O
primary	O
element	O
is	O
an	O
IDE	B-Application
with	O
built-in	O
editors	O
for	O
raster	B-Algorithm
graphics	I-Algorithm
,	O
level	O
design	O
,	O
scripting	O
,	O
paths	O
,	O
and	O
shaders	O
(	O
GLSL	B-Language
or	O
HLSL	B-Language
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Additional	O
functionality	O
can	O
be	O
implemented	O
in	O
software	O
's	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
or	O
platform-specific	O
native	O
extensions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
,	O
users	O
can	O
choose	O
whether	O
to	O
export	O
the	O
game	O
as	O
an	O
NSIS	B-Language
installer	O
,	O
or	O
a	O
.zip	B-General_Concept
file	I-General_Concept
containing	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
the	O
data.win	O
file	O
,	O
and	O
any	O
files	O
added	O
under	O
the	O
"	O
Included	O
Files	O
"	O
tab	O
in	O
the	O
editor	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
past	O
,	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
supported	O
building	O
for	O
Windows	B-Protocol
Phone	I-Protocol
(	O
deprecated	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
UWP	O
)	O
,	O
Tizen	B-Application
,	O
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
3	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
PlayStation	B-Device
Vita	I-Device
(	O
not	O
supported	O
in	O
GMS2	O
"	O
largely	O
for	O
business	O
reasons	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
PlayStation	B-Operating_System
Portable	I-Operating_System
support	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
in	O
May	O
2010	O
,	O
but	O
never	O
made	O
publicly	O
available	O
(	O
with	O
only	O
a	O
small	O
selection	O
of	O
titles	O
using	O
it	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Between	O
2007	O
and	O
2011	O
,	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
maintained	O
a	O
custom	O
web	O
player	O
plugin	O
for	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
games	O
before	O
releasing	O
it	O
as	O
open-source	O
mid-2011	O
and	O
finally	O
deprecating	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
HTML5	B-Application
export	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Prior	O
to	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
users	O
had	O
to	O
obtain	O
a	O
single-purchase	O
license	O
for	O
one	O
of	O
five	O
different	O
platforms	O
,	O
excluding	O
consoles	B-Device
,	O
depending	O
on	O
the	O
target	O
platform	O
they	O
wanted	O
to	O
publish	O
on	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
desktop	O
or	O
mobile	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
annual	O
license	O
was	O
required	O
to	O
publish	O
for	O
consoles	B-Device
,	O
which	O
was	O
also	O
contained	O
in	O
an	O
all-encompassing	O
annual	O
Ultimate	O
license	O
that	O
covered	O
all	O
supported	O
platforms	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yoyo	O
Games	O
announced	O
a	O
change	O
to	O
the	O
licensing	O
approach	O
in	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
allowing	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
to	O
be	O
used	O
for	O
free	O
to	O
learn	O
,	O
and	O
eliminating	O
the	O
single-purchase	O
options	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
changes	O
were	O
aided	O
by	O
the	O
financial	O
investment	O
of	O
Opera	O
into	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
to	O
help	O
reduce	O
costs	O
for	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Language	O
(	O
GML	O
)	O
is	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
's	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
an	O
imperative	B-Application
,	O
dynamically	O
typed	O
language	O
commonly	O
likened	O
to	O
JavaScript	B-Language
and	O
C-like	O
languages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
language	O
's	O
default	O
mode	O
of	O
operation	O
on	O
native	O
platforms	O
is	O
via	O
a	O
stack	B-Application
machine	I-Application
;	O
it	O
can	O
also	O
be	O
source-to-source	B-Language
compiled	I-Language
to	O
C++	B-Language
via	O
LLVM	B-Application
for	O
higher	O
performance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
GML	O
is	O
source-to-source	B-Language
compiled	I-Language
to	O
JavaScript	B-Language
with	O
optimizations	O
and	O
minification	B-Language
applied	O
in	O
non-debug	O
builds	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GML	O
Visual	O
(	O
originally	O
called	O
"	O
Drag	O
and	O
Drop	O
"	O
)	O
is	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
's	O
visual	B-Language
scripting	I-Language
tool	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GML	O
Visual	O
allows	O
developers	B-Application
to	O
perform	O
common	O
tasks	O
(	O
like	O
instantiating	O
objects	O
,	O
calling	O
functions	O
,	O
or	O
working	O
with	O
files	O
and	O
data	O
structures	O
)	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
write	O
a	O
single	O
line	O
of	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
historically	O
GML	O
Visual	O
remained	O
fairly	O
limited	O
in	O
what	O
can	O
be	O
comfortably	O
done	O
with	O
it	O
,	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
had	O
seen	O
an	O
overhaul	O
to	O
the	O
system	O
,	O
allowing	O
more	O
tasks	O
to	O
be	O
done	O
with	O
GML	O
Visual	O
,	O
and	O
having	O
it	O
translate	O
directly	O
to	O
code	O
(	O
with	O
an	O
in-IDE	O
preview	O
for	O
users	O
interested	O
in	O
migrating	O
to	O
code	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
was	O
originally	O
developed	O
by	O
Mark	O
Overmars	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
program	O
was	O
first	O
released	O
on	O
15	O
November	O
1999	O
under	O
the	O
name	O
of	O
Animo	O
(	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
just	O
a	O
graphics	O
tool	O
with	O
limited	O
visual	B-Language
scripting	I-Language
capabilities	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
versions	O
of	O
the	O
program	O
were	O
being	O
developed	O
in	O
Delphi	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Versions	O
5.0	O
and	O
below	O
have	O
been	O
freeware	B-License
;	O
version	O
5.1	O
introduced	O
an	O
optional	O
registration	O
fee	O
;	O
version	O
5.3	O
(	O
January	O
2004	O
)	O
introduced	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
features	O
for	O
registered	O
users	O
,	O
including	O
particle	O
systems	O
,	O
networking	O
,	O
and	O
possibility	O
to	O
extend	O
games	O
using	O
DLLs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
6.0	O
(	O
October	O
2004	O
)	O
introduced	O
limited	O
functionality	O
for	O
use	O
of	O
3D	O
graphics	O
,	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
migrating	O
the	O
runtime	B-Device
's	O
drawing	O
pipeline	O
from	O
VCL	B-Library
to	O
DirectX	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
macOS	B-Application
compatible	O
version	O
of	O
program	O
was	O
released	O
in	O
2009	O
,	O
allowing	O
games	O
to	O
be	O
made	O
for	O
two	O
operating	O
systems	O
with	O
minimal	O
changes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
8.1	O
(	O
April	O
2011	O
)	O
sees	O
the	O
name	O
changed	O
to	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
(	O
lacking	O
a	O
space	O
)	O
to	O
avoid	O
any	O
confusion	O
with	O
the	O
1991	O
software	O
Game-Maker	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
also	O
had	O
the	O
runtime	B-Device
rewritten	O
in	O
C++	B-Language
to	O
address	O
performance	O
concerns	O
with	O
previous	O
versions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
September	O
2011	O
sees	O
the	O
initial	O
release	O
of	O
"	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
:	O
HTML5	B-Application
"	O
-	O
a	O
new	O
version	O
of	O
software	O
with	O
capability	O
to	O
export	O
games	O
for	O
web	O
browsers	O
along	O
with	O
desktop	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
:	I-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
entered	O
public	O
beta	O
in	O
March	O
2012	O
and	O
enjoyed	O
a	O
full	O
release	O
in	O
May	O
2012	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Initial	O
supported	O
platforms	O
included	O
Windows	O
,	O
Mac	O
,	O
HTML5	B-Application
,	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
and	O
iOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
February	O
2015	O
,	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
was	O
acquired	O
by	O
Playtech	O
together	O
with	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Announcement	O
reassured	O
that	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
will	O
be	O
further	O
improved	O
and	O
states	O
plans	O
to	O
appeal	O
to	O
broader	O
demographic	O
,	O
including	O
more	O
advanced	O
developers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
November	O
2016	O
saw	O
the	O
initial	O
release	O
of	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
beta	O
,	O
with	O
full	O
release	O
in	O
March	O
2017	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
version	O
spots	O
a	O
completely	O
redesigned	O
IDE	B-Application
(	O
rewritten	O
in	O
C#	B-Application
)	O
and	O
a	O
number	O
of	O
new	O
editor	O
and	O
runtime	B-Device
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2020	O
,	O
major	O
update	O
2.3	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
bringing	O
a	O
host	O
of	O
new	O
features	O
to	O
IDE	B-Application
,	O
runtime	B-Device
,	O
and	O
the	O
scripting	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
team	O
of	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
remains	O
the	O
same	O
,	O
and	O
has	O
not	O
caused	O
any	O
major	O
development	O
changes	O
to	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2021	O
,	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
announced	O
that	O
they	O
are	O
changing	O
their	O
licenses	O
and	O
will	O
offer	O
a	O
free	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2022	O
,	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
changed	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
's	O
numbering	O
scheme	O
so	O
the	O
version	O
corresponds	O
to	O
the	O
year	O
and	O
the	O
month	O
it	O
was	O
released	O
(	O
For	O
example	O
,	O
2022.1	O
for	O
January	O
2022	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2022	O
,	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
dropped	O
the	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
Studio	I-Operating_System
2	I-Operating_System
name	O
in	O
order	O
to	O
match	O
its	O
new	O
version	O
numbering	O
scheme	O
,	O
changing	O
it	O
to	O
simply	O
GameMaker	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Douglas	O
Clements	O
of	O
Indie	O
Game	O
Magazine	O
wrote	O
that	O
the	O
program	O
"[s]implifies	O
and	O
streamlines	O
game	O
development	O
"	O
and	O
is	O
"	O
easy	O
for	O
beginners	O
yet	O
powerful	O
enough	O
to	O
grow	O
as	O
you	O
develop	O
"	O
,	O
though	O
noting	O
that	O
"	O
resource	O
objects	O
have	O
to	O
be	O
gathered	O
if	O
unable	O
to	O
create	O
"	O
and	O
that	O
licensing	O
between	O
Steam	B-Application
and	O
the	O
YoYo	O
Games	O
website	O
is	O
"	O
convoluted	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
