<s>
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
,	O
called	O
Epiphany	B-Language
until	O
2012	O
and	O
still	O
known	O
by	O
that	O
code	O
name	O
,	O
is	O
a	O
free	B-License
and	I-License
open-source	I-License
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
based	O
on	O
the	O
GTK	B-Application
port	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
WebKit	B-Language
rendering	O
engine	O
,	O
called	O
WebKitGTK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
developed	O
by	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
project	O
for	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
systems	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
the	O
default	O
and	O
official	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
,	O
and	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Core	I-Language
Applications	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Despite	O
being	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
,	O
Web	O
has	O
no	O
dependency	O
on	O
GNOME	B-Application
components	O
,	O
so	O
it	O
can	O
be	O
potentially	O
installed	O
on	O
any	O
system	O
supporting	O
GTK	B-Application
and	O
WebKitGTK	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
is	O
the	O
default	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
on	O
elementary	B-Operating_System
OS	I-Operating_System
and	O
Bodhi	O
Linux	O
version	O
5	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
was	O
originally	O
named	O
"	O
Epiphany	B-Language
"	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
rebranded	O
in	O
2012	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.4	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
name	O
Epiphany	B-Language
is	O
still	O
used	O
internally	O
,	O
as	O
its	O
code	O
name	O
,	O
for	O
development	O
and	O
in	O
the	O
source	O
code	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
package	O
remains	O
epiphany-browser	O
in	O
Debian	O
(	O
to	O
avoid	O
a	O
name	O
collision	O
with	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
that	O
is	O
also	O
called	O
"	O
Epiphany	B-Language
"	O
)	O
and	O
epiphany	B-Language
in	O
Fedora	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Marco	O
Pesenti	O
Gritti	O
,	O
the	O
initiator	O
of	O
Galeon	B-Language
,	O
originally	O
developed	O
Epiphany	B-Language
in	O
2002	O
as	O
a	O
fork	B-Application
of	O
Galeon	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
fork	B-Application
occurred	O
because	O
of	O
the	O
disagreement	O
between	O
Gritti	O
and	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
Galeon	B-Language
developers	O
about	O
new	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Gritti	O
regarded	O
Galeon	B-Language
's	O
monolithic	O
design	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
of	O
user-configurable	O
features	O
as	O
factors	O
limiting	O
Galeon	B-Language
's	O
maintainability	O
and	O
usability	O
,	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
Galeon	B-Language
developers	O
wanted	O
to	O
add	O
more	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Around	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
,	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
project	O
adopted	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
human	B-Application
interface	I-Application
guidelines	I-Application
,	O
which	O
promoted	O
simplification	O
of	O
user	B-Application
interfaces	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
Galeon	B-Language
was	O
oriented	O
towards	O
power	B-General_Concept
users	I-General_Concept
,	O
most	O
developers	O
disapproved	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
result	O
,	O
Gritti	O
created	O
a	O
new	O
browser	B-Application
based	O
on	O
Galeon	B-Language
,	O
with	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
non-critical	O
features	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
intended	O
Epiphany	B-Language
to	O
comply	O
with	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
HIG	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
such	O
,	O
Epiphany	B-Language
used	O
the	O
global	O
GNOME	B-Application
theme	O
and	O
other	O
settings	O
from	O
inception	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Galeon	B-Language
continued	O
after	O
the	O
fork	B-Application
,	O
but	O
lost	O
momentum	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
remaining	O
developers	O
 '	O
failure	O
to	O
keep	O
up	O
with	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
platform	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Galeon	B-Language
development	O
stalled	O
and	O
the	O
developers	O
decided	O
to	O
work	O
on	O
extensions	O
to	O
bring	O
Galeon	B-Language
's	O
advanced	O
features	O
to	O
Epiphany	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gritti	O
ended	O
his	O
work	O
on	O
Epiphany	B-Language
and	O
a	O
GNOME	B-Application
team	O
led	O
by	O
Xan	O
Lopez	O
,	O
Christian	O
Persch	O
and	O
Jean-François	O
Rameau	O
now	O
direct	O
the	O
project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
version	O
of	O
Epiphany	B-Language
was	O
released	O
on	O
December	O
24	O
,	O
2002	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Epiphany	B-Language
initially	O
used	O
the	O
Gecko	B-Language
layout	I-Language
engine	I-Language
from	O
the	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
project	I-Operating_System
to	O
display	O
web	O
pages	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
provided	O
a	O
GNOME	B-Application
graphical	B-Application
user	I-Application
interface	I-Application
for	O
Gecko	B-Language
,	O
instead	O
of	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
's	O
cross-platform	O
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
of	O
Epiphany	B-Language
was	O
mainly	O
focused	O
on	O
usability	O
improvements	O
compared	O
to	O
major	O
browsers	B-Application
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
new	O
widget	O
supported	O
icons	O
inside	O
the	O
text	O
area	O
and	O
reduced	O
the	O
screen	O
space	O
needed	O
to	O
present	O
information	O
,	O
while	O
improving	O
GNOME	B-Application
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
next	O
major	O
milestone	O
was	O
version	O
2.14	O
,	O
which	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
to	O
follow	O
GNOME	B-Application
's	O
version	O
numbering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
featured	O
network	O
awareness	O
using	O
NetworkManager	B-Protocol
,	O
smart	B-Protocol
bookmarks	I-Protocol
improvements	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
option	O
to	O
build	O
with	O
XULRunner	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Previously	O
,	O
Epiphany	B-Language
could	O
only	O
use	O
an	O
installed	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
as	O
a	O
web	O
engine	O
provider	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
XULRunner	B-Language
support	O
made	O
it	O
possible	O
to	O
install	O
Epiphany	B-Language
as	O
the	O
only	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
on	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
development	O
process	O
suffered	O
from	O
major	O
problems	O
related	O
to	O
the	O
Gecko	B-Language
backend	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Also	O
,	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
increasingly	O
disregarded	O
third-party	O
software	O
that	O
wished	O
to	O
make	O
use	O
of	O
Gecko	B-Language
,	O
until	O
it	O
became	O
viewed	O
as	O
an	O
integrated	O
Firefox	O
component	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
To	O
address	O
these	O
issues	O
,	O
in	O
July	O
2007	O
,	O
the	O
Epiphany	B-Language
team	O
added	O
support	O
for	O
WebKit	B-Language
as	O
an	O
alternative	O
rendering	O
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
,	O
the	O
team	O
announced	O
that	O
it	O
would	O
remove	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
build	O
it	O
using	O
Gecko	B-Language
and	O
proceed	O
using	O
only	O
WebKit	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
size	O
of	O
the	O
team	O
and	O
complexity	O
of	O
porting	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
to	O
WebKit	B-Language
caused	O
version	O
2.22	O
to	O
be	O
re-released	O
with	O
bugfixes	O
alongside	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.24	O
,	O
so	O
the	O
releases	O
stagnated	O
until	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
was	O
announced	O
that	O
2.26	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
final	O
Gecko-based	O
version	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
the	O
transition	O
to	O
WebKit	B-Language
was	O
completed	O
as	O
part	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.28	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
maintain	O
a	O
complete	O
and	O
accurate	O
changelog	O
in	O
its	O
official	O
repository	O
that	O
shows	O
complete	O
and	O
detailed	O
changes	O
between	O
all	O
the	O
releases	O
,	O
following	O
table	O
just	O
shows	O
arbitrarily	O
mentioned	O
some	O
notable	O
and	O
important	O
changes	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
0.5	O
Ability	O
to	O
drag	O
bookmarks	O
,	O
smart	B-Protocol
bookmarks	I-Protocol
,	O
and	O
topics	O
to	O
the	O
toolbar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Improved	O
GNOME	B-Application
integration	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.0	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.04	O
Support	O
for	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
1.6	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.2	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.06	O
Support	O
for	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
1.7	O
and	O
1.8	O
,	O
Lockdown	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Caret	B-Application
navigation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.4	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.08	O
Offline	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.6	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.10	O
Extensions	O
manager	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
1.8	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.12	O
Python	B-Language
bindings	O
,	O
Find	O
toolbar	O
,	O
Favicon	O
and	O
SSL	B-Protocol
icons	O
displayed	O
in	O
location	O
bar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gecko	B-Language
1.8	I-Language
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Use	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
printing	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2.14	O
XULRunner	B-Language
backend	O
supported	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Version	O
numbering	O
synced	O
to	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
NetworkManager	B-Protocol
DBUS	B-Language
interface	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Spell	B-Application
checking	I-Application
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
New	O
GTK	B-Application
Printing	O
dialog	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2.20	O
Migration	O
from	O
Gecko	B-Language
to	O
WebKit	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
PDF	B-Application
printing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Migration	O
from	O
GnomeVFS	B-Application
to	O
GIO	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
2.22	O
2.24	O
2.26	O
2.28	O
Gecko	B-Language
backends	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Python	B-Language
extension	O
support	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
2.30	O
Broken	O
SSL	B-Protocol
certificate	O
warning	O
,	O
custom	O
page	O
menus	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3.0	O
Reduced	O
the	O
amount	O
of	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
chrome	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Migration	O
to	O
GTK	B-Application
3	O
and	O
GNOME	B-Application
3	O
technologies	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
WebKit	B-Language
's	O
page	O
source	O
viewer	O
made	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Application
Applications	I-Application
mode	O
introduced	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3.4	O
Renamed	O
from	O
Epiphany	B-Language
to	O
Web	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3.8	O
Support	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
and	O
other	O
plug-ins	O
using	O
WebKit2	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Removes	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
disable	O
JavaScript.3.10	O
New	O
toolbar	O
placement	O
into	O
"	O
Header	O
Bar	O
"	O
,	O
the	O
new	O
GNOME	B-Application
titlebar	O
design.3.12	O
A	O
major	O
update	O
version	O
,	O
including	O
improved	O
performance	O
and	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
enhancements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Implemented	O
a	O
single	O
process	O
for	O
each	O
tab.3.14	O
A	O
minor	O
update	O
adding	O
support	O
blocking	O
invalid	O
SSL	B-Protocol
certificates	O
,	O
warning	O
users	O
about	O
mixed	O
content	O
for	O
improved	O
security	O
,	O
adblocker	O
performance	O
improvements	O
and	O
overall	O
small	O
UI	O
improvements	O
and	O
polishing.3.16	O
UI	O
updated	O
,	O
fixes	O
to	O
improve	O
incognito	O
mode	O
's	O
privacy	O
and	O
discoverability.3.18	O
UI	O
improvements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Enabled	O
Do	B-Protocol
Not	I-Protocol
Track	I-Protocol
and	O
the	O
ad	O
blocker	O
by	O
default.3.20	O
UI	O
improvements	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Session	O
restore.3.22	O
UI	O
improvements.3.30	O
Reader	O
mode	O
,	O
others.3.34	O
Rewritten	O
and	O
improved	O
ad	O
blocker	O
which	O
uses	O
WebKit	B-Language
's	O
content	O
filtering	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
plug-in	O
support	O
removed.3.36	O
User	B-Application
interface	I-Application
improvements	O
for	O
small	O
screens	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Native	O
support	O
for	O
PDF	B-Application
documents	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Improved	O
support	O
for	O
handling	O
dark	O
GTK	B-Application
themes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Removal	O
of	O
vestigial	O
NPAPI	B-Protocol
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
3.38	O
Intelligent	O
Tracking	O
Prevention	O
added	O
and	O
enabled	O
by	O
default	O
,	O
and	O
option	O
added	O
to	O
turn	O
off	O
websites	O
storing	O
local	O
data.40	O
New	O
option	O
for	O
Google	O
search	O
suggestions	O
,	O
revamped	O
tabs	O
,	O
and	O
Google	B-Application
Safe	I-Application
Browsing	I-Application
disabled	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
a	O
component	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
Core	I-Language
Applications	I-Language
,	O
it	O
provides	O
full	O
integration	O
with	O
GNOME	B-Application
settings	O
and	O
other	O
components	O
like	O
GNOME	B-Application
Keyring	I-Application
to	O
securely	O
store	O
passwords	O
,	O
following	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
Human	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Guidelines	I-Application
and	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
software	B-Application
stack	I-Application
to	O
provide	O
first-class	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
all	O
new-adopted	O
edge	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
Wayland	B-Language
and	O
the	O
latest	O
major	O
GTK	B-Application
versions	O
,	O
multimedia	O
support	O
using	O
GStreamer	B-Language
,	O
small	O
package	O
size	O
(	O
2.6MB	O
)	O
and	O
very	O
fast	O
execution/startup	O
time	O
due	O
to	O
using	O
shared	O
components	O
;	O
other	O
features	O
include	O
the	O
reader	O
mode	O
,	O
mouse	O
gestures	O
,	O
smart	B-Protocol
bookmarks	I-Protocol
,	O
praised	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
integration	O
mechanism	O
,	O
built-in	O
ad	O
blocking	O
,	O
the	O
"	O
Insert	O
Emoji	B-Application
"	O
option	O
in	O
the	O
context	O
menu	O
for	O
quick	O
and	O
easy	O
inserting	O
of	O
Emoji	B-Application
and	O
Miscellaneous	B-Protocol
Symbols	I-Protocol
and	I-Protocol
Pictographs	I-Protocol
into	O
the	O
text	O
boxes	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
Safe	I-Application
Browsing	I-Application
,	O
supports	O
reading	O
and	O
saving	O
MHTML	B-Application
,	O
an	O
archive	O
format	O
for	O
web	O
pages	O
that	O
combines	O
all	O
the	O
files	O
of	O
web	O
pages	O
into	O
only	O
one	O
single	O
file	O
;	O
and	O
consume	O
fewer	O
system	B-General_Concept
resources	I-General_Concept
than	O
the	O
major	O
cross-platform	O
web	B-Application
browsers	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
underlying	O
WebKit	B-Language
browser	B-Application
engine	O
provides	O
support	O
for	O
HTML	O
4	O
,	O
XHTML	B-Language
,	O
CSS	B-Language
1	O
and	O
2	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
HTML	B-Application
5	I-Application
and	O
CSS	B-Language
3	I-Language
,	O
and	O
a	O
Web	B-Application
Inspector	I-Application
(	O
web	O
development	O
debugging	O
tool	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Encrypted	B-Language
Media	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
support	O
is	O
not	O
a	O
goal	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
standard	O
does	O
not	O
specify	O
a	O
Content	O
Decryption	O
Module	O
to	O
use	O
,	O
all	O
available	O
modules	O
are	O
proprietary	O
even	O
if	O
licensing	O
is	O
possible	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
system	O
imposes	O
Digital	O
Rights	O
Management	O
that	O
hides	O
what	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
computer	O
is	O
doing	O
to	O
make	O
copying	O
"	O
premium	O
content	O
"	O
difficult	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
Media	B-Language
Source	I-Language
Extensions	I-Language
is	O
supported	O
,	O
as	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
began	O
to	O
require	O
this	O
technology	O
in	O
November	O
2018	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Apple	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
primary	O
corporate	O
backer	O
of	O
WebKit	B-Language
,	O
rejected	O
at	O
least	O
16	O
web	O
APIs	O
because	O
they	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
a	O
fingerprinting	B-Protocol
attack	O
to	O
help	O
personally	O
identify	O
users	O
and	O
track	O
them	O
,	O
while	O
providing	O
limited	O
or	O
no	O
benefit	O
to	O
the	O
user	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
HTML5test	B-Application
checks	O
for	O
most	O
of	O
these	O
APIs	O
,	O
it	O
artificially	O
lowers	O
WebKit	B-Language
's	O
"	O
score	O
"	O
in	O
points	O
(	O
as	O
does	O
lack	O
of	O
DRM	O
support	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
once	O
supported	O
NPAPI	B-Protocol
plug-ins	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Java	B-Language
and	O
Adobe	B-Operating_System
Flash	I-Operating_System
,	O
but	O
support	O
was	O
removed	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.34	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
modern	O
web	O
platform	O
,	O
these	O
have	O
fallen	O
out	O
of	O
favor	O
and	O
support	O
has	O
been	O
removed	O
from	O
all	O
major	O
browsers	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
reuses	O
GNOME	B-Application
frameworks	O
and	O
settings	O
,	O
including	O
the	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
theme	O
,	O
network	O
settings	O
,	O
and	O
printing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Settings	O
are	O
stored	O
with	O
GSettings	O
and	O
GNOME	B-Application
default	O
applications	O
are	O
used	O
for	O
internet	B-Application
media	I-Application
types	I-Application
handling	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
user	O
configures	O
these	O
,	O
centrally	O
,	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
's	O
settings	O
app	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
built-in	O
preference	O
manager	O
for	O
Web	O
presents	O
basic	O
browser-specific	O
settings	O
while	O
advanced	O
settings	O
which	O
could	O
radically	O
alter	O
Web	O
's	O
behavior	O
can	O
be	O
changed	O
with	O
utilities	O
such	O
as	O
dconf	O
(	O
command	O
line	O
)	O
and	O
dconf-editor	O
(	O
graphical	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
follows	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
Human	B-Application
Interface	I-Application
Guidelines	I-Application
and	O
platform-wide	O
design	O
decisions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
in	O
Web	O
3.4	O
,	O
the	O
menu	O
for	O
application	O
actions	O
was	O
moved	O
to	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
's	O
top	O
panel	O
application	O
menu	O
and	O
the	O
menu	O
bar	O
was	O
replaced	O
with	O
"	O
super	O
menu	O
"	O
button	O
,	O
which	O
triggers	O
the	O
display	O
of	O
window-specific	O
menu	O
entries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.32	O
,	O
Web	O
can	O
adjust	O
to	O
various	O
form	O
factors	O
with	O
the	O
help	O
of	O
libhandy	O
,	O
a	O
library	O
sponsored	O
by	O
Purism	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.18	O
,	O
Web	O
is	O
configured	O
to	O
block	O
ads	O
and	O
pop-ups	O
by	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.34	O
,	O
the	O
existing	O
ad	O
blocker	O
was	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
adopted	O
the	O
"	O
Content	O
Blockers	O
"	O
system	O
from	O
the	O
WebKit	B-Language
engine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
found	O
that	O
the	O
switch	O
saved	O
approximately	O
80	O
MiB	O
of	O
RAM	O
per	O
browser	B-Application
tab	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.28	O
,	O
Web	O
has	O
support	O
for	O
Google	B-Application
Safe	I-Application
Browsing	I-Application
,	O
to	O
help	O
prevent	O
users	O
from	O
visiting	O
malicious	O
websites	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.34	O
,	O
Web	O
explicitly	O
requires	O
a	O
minimum	O
of	O
WebKitGTK	O
2.26	O
or	O
later	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
provides	O
the	O
"	O
Bubblewrap	O
Sandbox	O
"	O
for	O
tab	O
processes	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
intended	O
to	O
prevent	O
malicious	O
websites	O
from	O
hijacking	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
and	O
using	O
it	O
to	O
spy	O
on	O
other	O
tabs	O
or	O
run	O
malicious	O
code	O
on	O
the	O
user	O
's	O
computer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
such	O
code	O
found	O
another	O
exploit	O
in	O
the	O
operating	O
system	O
allowing	O
it	O
to	O
become	O
root	B-Application
,	O
the	O
result	O
could	O
be	O
a	O
disaster	O
for	O
all	O
users	O
of	O
the	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Making	O
the	O
sandbox	O
a	O
priority	O
was	O
brought	O
on	O
,	O
according	O
to	O
Michael	O
Catanzaro	O
,	O
because	O
he	O
was	O
particularly	O
concerned	O
with	O
the	O
code	O
quality	O
of	O
OpenJPEG	B-Language
and	O
the	O
numerous	O
security	O
problems	O
that	O
had	O
been	O
discovered	O
in	O
it	O
,	O
including	O
many	O
years	O
of	O
failing	O
security	O
reviews	O
by	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
further	O
explained	O
that	O
web	O
compatibility	O
requires	O
that	O
sites	O
believe	O
that	O
Web	O
is	O
a	O
major	O
browser	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sending	O
them	O
the	O
user	B-Protocol
agent	I-Protocol
of	O
Apple	B-Application
Safari	I-Application
causes	O
fewer	O
broken	O
websites	O
than	O
others	O
(	O
due	O
to	O
sharing	O
the	O
WebKit	B-Language
engine	O
)	O
,	O
but	O
also	O
causes	O
caching	O
servers	O
to	O
deliver	O
JPEG	O
2000	O
images	O
,	O
of	O
which	O
Safari	B-Application
is	O
the	O
only	O
major	O
browser	B-Application
to	O
support	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fixing	O
OpenJPEG	B-Language
,	O
which	O
is	O
the	O
official	O
reference	B-Application
software	I-Application
,	O
will	O
be	O
a	O
massive	O
undertaking	O
that	O
could	O
take	O
years	O
to	O
sort	O
out	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.36	O
,	O
Web	O
gained	O
native	O
support	O
for	O
PDF	B-Application
documents	I-Application
by	O
using	O
PDF.js	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Michael	O
Catanzaro	O
explained	O
that	O
having	O
websites	O
open	O
Evince	B-Language
to	O
display	B-Application
PDF	I-Application
files	O
was	O
insecure	O
,	O
as	O
it	O
could	O
be	O
used	O
to	O
escape	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
's	O
security	O
sandbox	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
Evince	B-Language
was	O
the	O
last	O
user	O
of	O
NPAPI	B-Protocol
,	O
this	O
allowed	O
the	O
remaining	O
support	O
code	O
for	O
the	O
obsolete	O
plug-in	O
model	O
(	O
where	O
additional	O
vulnerabilities	O
could	O
be	O
hiding	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
removed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
NPAPI	B-Protocol
support	O
had	O
a	O
hard	O
dependency	O
on	O
X11	O
,	O
moving	O
to	O
PDF.js	B-Operating_System
also	O
allowed	O
that	O
dependency	O
to	O
be	O
dropped	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
PDF.js	B-Operating_System
internally	O
converts	O
PDF	B-Application
documents	I-Application
so	O
that	O
they	O
can	O
be	O
displayed	O
by	O
the	O
web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
's	O
engine	O
,	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
add	O
security	O
vulnerabilities	O
to	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
the	O
way	O
that	O
compiled	O
plug-ins	O
such	O
as	O
Adobe	B-Application
Acrobat	I-Application
or	O
Evince	B-Language
could	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
most	O
browsers	B-Application
feature	O
a	O
hierarchical	O
folder-based	O
bookmark	O
system	O
,	O
Web	O
uses	O
categorized	O
bookmarks	O
,	O
where	O
a	O
single	O
bookmark	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
this	O
page	O
)	O
can	O
exist	O
in	O
multiple	O
categories	O
(	O
such	O
as	O
"	O
Web	B-Application
Browsers	I-Application
"	O
,	O
"	O
GNOME	B-Application
"	O
,	O
and	O
"	O
Computer	O
Software	O
"	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
innovative	O
concept	O
supported	O
by	O
Web	O
(	O
though	O
originally	O
from	O
Galeon	B-Language
)	O
is	O
"	O
smart	B-Protocol
bookmarks	I-Protocol
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.2	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
September	O
2011	O
,	O
Web	O
allows	O
creating	O
application	O
launchers	O
for	O
web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
subsequent	O
invocation	O
of	O
a	O
launcher	O
brings	O
up	O
a	O
plain	O
site-specific	B-Protocol
browser	I-Protocol
(	O
single	O
instance	O
)	O
of	O
Web	O
limited	O
to	O
one	O
domain	O
,	O
with	O
off-site	O
links	O
opening	O
in	O
a	O
normal	O
browser	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
launcher	O
created	O
this	O
way	O
is	O
accessible	O
from	O
the	O
desktop	O
and	O
is	O
not	O
limited	O
to	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
it	O
may	O
be	O
used	O
with	O
Unity	B-Device
,	O
used	O
on	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Similar	O
features	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
in	O
the	O
Windows	O
version	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
Chrome	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
the	O
same	O
purpose	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
Foundation	I-Operating_System
previously	O
developed	O
a	O
standalone	O
application	O
Mozilla	B-Language
Prism	I-Language
,	O
which	O
was	O
superseded	O
by	O
the	O
project	O
Chromeless	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	B-Application
applications	I-Application
are	O
managed	O
within	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
's	O
main	O
instance	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
applications	O
can	O
be	O
deleted	O
from	O
the	O
page	O
,	O
accessible	O
with	O
a	O
special	B-Protocol
URI	I-Protocol
about:applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
approach	O
was	O
supposed	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
temporary	O
while	O
a	O
centralized	O
GNOME	B-Language
web	I-Language
application	O
management	O
was	O
to	O
be	O
implemented	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.4	O
,	O
but	O
this	O
never	O
happened	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.26	O
,	O
Web	O
has	O
support	O
for	O
Firefox	O
Sync	O
,	O
which	O
allows	O
users	O
to	O
sync	O
their	O
bookmarks	O
,	O
history	O
,	O
passwords	O
,	O
and	O
open	O
tabs	O
with	O
Firefox	O
Sync	O
,	O
which	O
can	O
then	O
be	O
shared	O
between	O
any	O
copy	O
of	O
Firefox	O
or	O
Web	O
that	O
the	O
user	O
signs	O
into	O
Firefox	O
Sync	O
with	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
project	O
has	O
expressed	O
an	O
interest	O
in	O
implementing	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
WebExtension	B-Operating_System
add-on	B-Operating_System
format	O
used	O
by	O
Chrome	B-Application
,	O
Firefox	O
,	O
and	O
some	O
other	O
major	O
browsers	B-Application
,	O
if	O
interested	O
contributors	O
can	O
be	O
found	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
reviewing	O
the	O
WebKit-powered	O
Epiphany	B-Language
2.28	O
in	O
September	O
2009	O
,	O
Ryan	O
Paul	O
of	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
said	O
"	O
Epiphany	B-Language
is	O
quite	O
snappy	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
2.28	O
and	O
scores	O
100/100	O
on	O
the	O
Acid3	O
test	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
WebKit	B-Language
will	O
help	O
differentiate	O
Epiphany	B-Language
from	O
Firefox	O
,	O
which	O
is	O
shipped	O
as	O
the	O
default	O
browser	B-Application
by	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
major	O
Linux	O
distributors.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
reviewing	O
Epiphany	B-Language
2.30	O
in	O
July	O
2010	O
,	O
Jack	O
Wallen	O
described	O
it	O
as	O
"	O
efficient	O
,	O
but	O
different	O
"	O
and	O
noted	O
its	O
problem	O
with	O
crashes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
"	O
When	O
I	O
first	O
started	O
working	O
with	O
Epiphany	B-Language
it	O
crashed	O
on	O
most	O
sites	O
I	O
visited	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
doing	O
a	O
little	O
research	O
(	O
and	O
then	O
a	O
little	O
debugging	O
)	O
I	O
realized	O
the	O
issue	O
was	O
with	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Epiphany	B-Language
(	O
in	O
its	O
current	O
release	O
)	O
,	O
for	O
some	O
strange	O
reason	O
,	O
does	O
n't	O
like	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
only	O
way	O
around	O
this	O
was	O
to	O
disable	O
JavaScript	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Yes	O
this	O
means	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
features	O
wo	O
n't	O
work	O
on	O
a	O
lot	O
of	O
sites	O
–	O
but	O
this	O
also	O
means	O
those	O
same	O
sites	O
will	O
load	O
faster	O
and	O
wo	O
n't	O
be	O
so	O
prone	O
to	O
having	O
issues	O
(	O
like	O
crashing	O
my	O
browser	B-Application
)	O
.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Wallen	O
concluded	O
positively	O
about	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
"	O
Although	O
Epiphany	B-Language
has	O
n't	O
fully	O
replaced	O
Chrome	B-Application
and	O
Firefox	O
as	O
my	O
one-stop-shop	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
I	O
now	O
use	O
it	O
much	O
more	O
than	O
I	O
would	O
have	O
previously	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
March	O
2011	O
,	O
Veronica	O
Henry	O
reviewed	O
Epiphany	B-Language
2.32	O
,	O
saying	O
"	O
To	O
be	O
fair	O
,	O
this	O
would	O
be	O
a	O
hard	O
sell	O
as	O
a	O
primary	O
desktop	O
browser	B-Application
for	O
most	O
users	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
fact	O
,	O
there	O
is	O
n't	O
even	O
a	O
setting	O
to	O
let	O
you	O
designate	O
it	O
as	O
your	O
default	O
browser	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
But	O
for	O
those	O
instance	O
where	O
you	O
need	O
to	O
fire	O
up	O
a	O
lighting-fast	O
browser	B-Application
for	O
quick	O
surfing	O
,	O
Epiphany	B-Language
will	O
do	O
the	O
trick.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
She	O
further	O
noted	O
,	O
"	O
Though	O
I	O
still	O
use	O
Firefox	O
as	O
my	O
primary	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
lately	O
it	O
seems	O
to	O
run	O
at	O
a	O
snail	O
's	O
pace	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
So	O
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
things	O
I	O
noticed	O
about	O
Epiphany	B-Language
is	O
how	O
quickly	O
it	O
launches	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Henry	O
criticized	O
Epiphany	B-Language
for	O
its	O
short	O
list	O
of	O
extensions	O
,	O
singling	O
out	O
the	O
lack	O
of	O
Firebug	B-Operating_System
as	O
a	O
deficiency	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Web	O
instead	O
supports	O
Web	B-Application
Inspector	I-Application
offered	O
by	O
the	O
WebKit	B-Language
engine	O
,	O
which	O
has	O
similar	O
functionality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
April	O
2012	O
,	O
Ryan	O
Paul	O
of	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
used	O
Web	O
as	O
an	O
example	O
to	O
his	O
criticism	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
3.4	O
design	O
decisions	O
:	O
"	O
Aside	O
from	O
the	O
poor	O
initial	O
discoverability	O
of	O
the	O
panel	O
menu	O
,	O
this	O
model	O
works	O
reasonably	O
well	O
for	O
simple	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
best	O
example	O
of	O
where	O
this	O
approach	O
can	O
pose	O
difficulties	O
is	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Application
's	O
default	O
Web	B-Application
browser	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
October	O
2016	O
review	O
,	O
Bertel	O
King	O
Jr.	O
noted	O
on	O
MakeUseOf	O
,	O
"	O
Later	O
versions	O
offer	O
the	O
best	O
integration	O
you	O
will	O
find	O
with	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
lacks	O
the	O
add-ons	B-Operating_System
found	O
in	O
mainstream	O
browsers	B-Application
,	O
but	O
some	O
users	O
will	O
like	O
the	O
minimalism	O
,	O
the	O
speed	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
tab	O
isolation	O
that	O
prevents	O
one	O
misbehaving	O
site	O
from	O
crashing	O
the	O
entire	O
browser.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
an	O
April	O
2019	O
review	O
,	O
Bertel	O
King	O
Jr.	O
wrote	O
another	O
article	O
on	O
MakeUseOf	O
,	O
this	O
time	O
reviewing	O
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
for	O
its	O
Web	B-Application
Applications	I-Application
Mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
stated	O
,	O
"	O
When	O
you	O
check	O
your	O
email	O
,	O
you	O
’re	O
using	O
a	O
web	B-Application
app	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
If	O
you	O
open	O
YouTube	B-General_Concept
,	O
Netflix	O
,	O
or	O
Spotify	O
in	O
a	O
browser	B-Application
,	O
again	O
,	O
you	O
’re	O
using	O
a	O
web	B-Application
app	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
days	O
,	O
you	O
can	O
replace	O
most	O
of	O
your	O
desktop	O
apps	O
with	O
web	B-Application
apps	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
 [ ... ] 	O
GNOME	B-Language
Web	I-Language
provides	O
tools	O
to	O
better	O
integrate	O
web	B-Application
apps	I-Application
with	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
your	O
desktop	O
,	O
so	O
you	O
can	O
open	O
them	O
via	O
your	O
app	O
launcher	O
and	O
view	O
them	O
in	O
your	O
dock	O
or	O
taskbar	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
He	O
also	O
praised	O
the	O
security	O
provided	O
by	O
walling	O
off	O
Web	B-Application
Applications	I-Application
from	O
the	O
rest	O
of	O
the	O
browser	B-Application
and	O
each	O
other	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Like	O
Mozilla	B-Operating_System
's	O
container	O
feature	O
,	O
this	O
helps	O
prevent	O
sites	O
such	O
as	O
Facebook	O
from	O
seeing	O
what	O
the	O
user	O
is	O
doing	O
in	O
the	O
main	O
browser	B-Application
.	O
</s>
