<s>
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
is	O
the	O
third	O
major	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
desktop	I-Application
environment	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
major	O
departure	O
from	O
technologies	O
implemented	O
by	O
its	O
predecessors	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
introduced	O
a	O
dramatically	O
different	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
GNOME	B-Application
release	O
to	O
utilize	O
a	O
unified	O
graphical	O
shell	O
known	O
as	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
also	O
introduced	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Wayland	B-Language
display	O
protocol	O
and	O
added	O
integration	O
with	O
other	O
key	O
technologies	O
such	O
as	O
Flatpak	B-Language
during	O
its	O
development	B-General_Concept
lifecycle	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
superseded	O
by	O
GNOME	B-Application
40	O
in	O
2021	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Much	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
's	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
changes	O
were	O
based-on	O
attempts	O
at	O
simplification	O
and	O
rethinking	O
of	O
traditional	O
desktop	B-Device
computing	I-Device
workflows	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Eschewing	O
the	O
beige	O
colors	O
present	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Language
2	I-Language
in	O
favor	O
of	O
a	O
modern	O
black	O
and	O
gray	O
,	O
a	O
new	O
look	B-Application
and	I-Application
feel	I-Application
was	O
implemented	O
,	O
which	O
became	O
known	O
as	O
Adwaita	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Possibly	O
the	O
single-most	O
significant	O
feature	O
change	O
that	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
introduced	O
was	O
the	O
replacement	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Panel	I-Language
with	O
the	O
larger-scoped	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
it	O
,	O
came	O
the	O
removal	O
of	O
the	O
desktop	B-Application
metaphor	I-Application
as	O
seen	O
in	O
previous	O
versions	O
in	O
favor	O
of	O
a	O
simple	O
image-based	O
background	O
that	O
distinctly	O
lacks	O
desktop	O
icons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dropping	O
the	O
Metacity	B-Language
window	B-Application
manager	I-Application
in	O
favor	O
of	O
Mutter	B-Language
,	O
users	O
saw	O
window	O
titlebar	O
decorations	O
do	O
away	O
with	O
maximize	O
and	O
minimize	O
icon	O
buttons	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
GNOME	O
3.2	O
,	O
shell	O
extensions	O
as	O
a	O
feature	O
,	O
similar	O
to	O
the	O
"	O
applet	O
"	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
2	I-Language
,	O
was	O
added	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Such	O
extensions	O
allow	O
developers	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
add	O
modular	O
,	O
separately-versioned	O
customizations	O
to	O
the	O
desktop	O
environment	O
,	O
without	O
having	O
to	O
integrate	O
code	O
directly	O
into	O
the	O
mainline	O
GNOME	B-Application
codebase	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
September	O
25	O
,	O
2013	O
,	O
GNOME	O
3.10	O
was	O
released	O
,	O
which	O
introduced	O
support	O
for	O
the	O
Wayland	B-Language
display	O
protocol	O
,	O
as	O
the	O
Mutter	B-Language
window	B-Application
manager	I-Application
added	O
experimental	O
compositing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
most-used	O
graphical	O
environment	O
for	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
,	O
this	O
set-up	O
a	O
significant	O
change	O
for	O
distributions	O
to	O
eventually	O
be	O
able	O
to	O
switch	O
from	O
the	O
aging	O
X	B-Operating_System
Window	I-Operating_System
System	I-Operating_System
as	O
a	O
default	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
Core	I-Language
Applications	I-Language
took	O
on	O
a	O
unified	O
naming	O
scheme	O
,	O
by	O
utilizing	O
simple	O
,	O
descriptive	O
names	O
such	O
as	O
"	O
Files	O
"	O
instead	O
of	O
"	O
Nautilus	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
Videos	O
"	O
instead	O
of	O
"	O
Totem	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Added	O
to	O
the	O
set	O
of	O
core	O
applications	O
in	O
version	O
3.10	O
was	O
GNOME	B-Language
Software	I-Language
,	O
which	O
in	O
concert	O
with	O
AppStream	B-Application
metadata	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
PackageKit	B-Language
daemon	O
,	O
serves	O
as	O
a	O
complete	O
app	B-Application
store	I-Application
and	O
system	O
update	O
utility	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	O
3.18	O
added	O
integration	O
with	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
Vendor	O
Firmware	B-Application
Service	O
for	O
hardware	O
vendors	O
to	O
provide	O
firmware	B-Application
updates	O
directly	O
through	O
GNOME	B-Language
Software	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	O
3.22	O
integrated	O
GNOME	B-Language
Software	I-Language
with	O
Flatpak	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
GConf	B-Language
,	O
the	O
system	O
used	O
for	O
storing	O
configuration-related	O
settings	O
in	O
the	O
desktop	O
and	O
applications	O
,	O
was	O
deprecated	O
in	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
,	O
and	O
replaced	O
by	O
GSettings	O
and	O
dconf	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
late	O
2004	O
,	O
two	O
years	O
into	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
2	I-Language
,	O
discussion	O
of	O
the	O
next	O
major	O
release	O
had	O
started	O
occurring	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
wiki	B-Protocol
was	O
posted	O
on	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Application
website	O
that	O
detailed	O
loose	O
brainstorming	O
of	O
compatibility-breaking	O
ideas	O
from	O
project	O
co-founder	O
Federico	O
Mena	O
and	O
several	O
other	O
GNOME	B-Application
contributors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
greater	O
public-facing	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
discussion	O
began	O
in	O
late	O
May	O
2005	O
when	O
Canonical	O
engineer	O
and	O
former	O
GNOME	B-Language
Foundation	I-Language
board	O
director	O
,	O
Jeff	O
Waugh	O
gave	O
a	O
presentation	O
at	O
the	O
sixth	O
annual	O
GUADEC	B-Application
,	O
regarding	O
"	O
Project	O
Topaz	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
late	O
2006	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Application
released	O
an	O
official	O
statement	O
that	O
there	O
were	O
no	O
plans	O
for	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
June	O
2008	O
,	O
Andy	O
Wingo	O
,	O
a	O
GNOME	B-Application
contributor	O
,	O
published	O
an	O
influential	O
article	O
on	O
his	O
personal	O
blog	O
,	O
decrying	O
a	O
stagnating	O
direction	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
was	O
officially	O
announced	O
at	O
the	O
2008	O
edition	O
of	O
GUADEC	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
From	O
October	O
6-10	O
,	O
2008	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Application
held	O
a	O
hackathon	O
focused	O
on	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
in	O
Boston	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vincent	O
Untz	O
,	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
release	O
team	O
,	O
noted	O
that	O
designers	O
and	O
developers	O
"	O
tried	O
to	O
forget	O
the	O
current	O
GNOME	B-Application
and	O
see	O
what	O
 [ they ] 	O
thought	O
would	O
make	O
sense.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
pre-releases	O
used	O
a	O
2.91.x	O
versioning	O
scheme	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
beta	O
version	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
was	O
debuted	O
on	O
February	O
23	O
,	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Having	O
shipped	O
GNOME	B-Application
as	O
its	O
default	O
graphical	O
environment	O
on	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
since	O
its	O
debut	O
,	O
Canonical	O
initially	O
collaborated	O
on	O
development	O
,	O
but	O
eventually	O
became	O
disillusioned	O
,	O
and	O
halted	O
their	O
efforts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
became	O
the	O
catalyst	O
for	O
development	O
of	O
their	O
Unity	B-Device
shell	I-Device
to	O
be	O
used	O
in	O
place	O
of	O
the	O
standard	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canonical	O
eventually	O
began	O
using	O
a	O
customized	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
in	O
2017	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
released	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
17.10	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Originally	O
scheduled	O
to	O
be	O
released	O
in	O
March	O
2010	O
,	O
GNOME	B-Application
's	O
release	O
team	O
delayed	O
version	O
3.0	O
several	O
times	O
before	O
finally	O
releasing	O
it	O
on	O
April	O
6	O
,	O
2011	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
had	O
a	O
very	O
mixed	O
reception	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
succession	O
as	O
the	O
ongoing	O
focus	O
of	O
The	O
GNOME	B-Application
Project	O
was	O
the	O
impetus	O
for	O
the	O
fork	B-Application
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
2	I-Language
known	O
as	O
the	O
MATE	B-Language
desktop	I-Language
environment	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
the	O
creation	O
of	O
the	O
Cinnamon	B-Language
desktop	I-Language
environment	I-Language
,	O
which	O
follows	O
more	O
traditional	O
desktop	B-Application
metaphor	I-Application
conventions	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
adoption	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
in	O
a	O
major	O
Linux	B-Application
distribution	I-Application
was	O
version	O
15	O
of	O
Fedora	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canonical	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
stopped	O
contributing	O
to	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
codebase	O
,	O
chose	O
to	O
break	O
from	O
bundling	O
a	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
for	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
instead	O
released	O
its	O
Unity	B-Device
shell	I-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Canonical	O
eventually	O
began	O
using	O
a	O
customized	O
version	O
of	O
the	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
in	O
2017	O
,	O
when	O
it	O
released	O
Ubuntu	B-Operating_System
17.10	O
.	O
openSUSE	B-Operating_System
included	O
it	O
in	O
version	O
12.1	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Scott	O
Gilbertson	O
of	O
The	O
Register	O
noted	O
that	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
represented	O
"	O
shocking	O
changes	O
"	O
,	O
but	O
was	O
"	O
cleaner	O
"	O
and	O
"	O
simpler	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Ars	O
Technica	O
called	O
the	O
new	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
a	O
"	O
good	O
starting	O
point	O
for	O
building	O
something	O
even	O
better	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
predicted	O
"	O
backlash	O
from	O
users	O
"	O
who	O
would	O
be	O
upset	O
about	O
missing	O
features	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Steven	O
Vaughan-Nichols	O
of	O
ZDNet	O
said	O
that	O
it	O
"	O
made	O
GNOME	B-Application
less	O
usable	O
"	O
,	O
and	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
a	O
"	O
step	O
backward	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
However	O
,	O
he	O
later	O
expressed	O
that	O
GNOME	O
3.4	O
was	O
a	O
"	O
return	O
to	O
a	O
useful	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
desktop	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lifehacker	O
's	O
Whitson	O
Gordon	O
preferred	O
the	O
stock	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
desktop	O
environment	O
over	O
Canonical	O
's	O
Unity	B-Device
and	O
other	O
alternatives	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Linus	O
Torvalds	O
,	O
creator	O
of	O
the	O
Linux	B-Operating_System
kernel	I-Operating_System
,	O
publicly	O
expressed	O
his	O
dislike	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
3	I-Language
,	O
and	O
called	O
the	O
version	O
3.4	O
release	O
a	O
"	O
total	O
user	B-Application
experience	I-Application
design	O
failure.	O
"	O
</s>
<s>
Torvalds	O
initially	O
switched	O
from	O
using	O
GNOME	B-Application
to	O
Xfce	B-Language
,	O
but	O
then	O
switched	O
back	O
in	O
2013	O
,	O
citing	O
the	O
use	O
of	O
GNOME	B-Language
Shell	I-Language
Extensions	O
as	O
a	O
fix	O
for	O
shortcomings	O
,	O
and	O
called	O
it	O
"	O
more	O
pleasant	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
