<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
a	O
solution	O
stack	O
or	O
software	O
stack	O
is	O
a	O
set	O
of	O
software	O
subsystems	O
or	O
components	O
needed	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
complete	O
platform	B-Device
such	O
that	O
no	O
additional	O
software	O
is	O
needed	O
to	O
support	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Applications	O
are	O
said	O
to	O
"	O
run	O
on	O
"	O
or	O
"	O
run	O
on	O
top	O
of	O
"	O
the	O
resulting	O
platform	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
to	O
develop	O
a	O
web	B-Application
application	I-Application
,	O
the	O
architect	O
defines	O
the	O
stack	O
as	O
the	O
target	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
web	B-Application
server	I-Application
,	O
database	O
,	O
and	O
programming	O
language	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Another	O
version	O
of	O
a	O
software	O
stack	O
is	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
,	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
,	O
database	O
,	O
and	O
applications	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
means	O
they	O
can	O
lead	O
platform	B-Device
builds	O
that	O
involve	O
databases	B-Application
,	O
user-facing	O
websites	O
,	O
and	O
working	O
with	O
clients	O
during	O
the	O
planning	O
phase	O
of	O
projects	O
.	O
</s>
