<s>
GEORGE	B-Language
(	O
General	B-Language
Order	I-Language
Generator	I-Language
)	O
is	O
a	O
programming	O
language	O
invented	O
by	O
Charles	O
Leonard	O
Hamblin	O
in	O
1957	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
designed	O
around	O
a	O
push-down	O
pop-up	O
stack	B-Application
for	O
arithmetic	O
operations	O
,	O
and	O
employed	O
reverse	O
Polish	O
notation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
language	O
included	O
loops	O
,	O
subroutines	O
,	O
conditionals	B-Language
,	O
vectors	O
,	O
and	O
matrices	B-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
computer	O
evaluated	O
the	O
expression	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
the	O
values	O
of	O
a	O
,	O
then	O
x	O
,	O
were	O
pushed	O
onto	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
;	O
'	O
dup	O
 '	O
caused	O
a	O
copy	O
of	O
the	O
top-most	O
value	O
(	O
x	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
pushed	O
onto	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
;	O
Multiply	O
( ×	O
)	O
caused	O
the	O
top	O
two	O
values	O
,	O
namely	O
,	O
x	O
and	O
x	O
,	O
to	O
be	O
removed	O
(	O
popped	O
)	O
and	O
multiplied	O
,	O
returning	O
the	O
product	O
to	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
second	O
multiply	O
( ×	O
)	O
then	O
caused	O
the	O
top	O
two	O
values	O
on	O
the	O
stack	B-Application
(	O
namely	O
,	O
a	O
and	O
x**2	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
popped	O
and	O
multiplied	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
product	O
(	O
a×x**2	O
)	O
to	O
be	O
pushed	O
onto	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
final	O
operation	O
,	O
namely	O
(	O
y	O
)	O
,	O
returned	O
the	O
value	O
of	O
the	O
expression	O
to	O
storage	O
without	O
changing	O
the	O
status	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Assuming	O
that	O
the	O
value	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
was	O
not	O
required	O
immediately	O
,	O
it	O
would	O
be	O
removed	O
(	O
cleared	O
)	O
by	O
using	O
the	O
operator	O
(	O
;	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
line	O
initialises	O
the	O
sum	O
by	O
pushing	O
the	O
value	O
zero	O
onto	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
third	O
line	O
,	O
R	O
causes	O
one	O
number	O
to	O
be	O
read	O
in	O
and	O
pushed	O
onto	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
plus	O
sign	O
( +	O
)	O
causes	O
that	O
value	O
to	O
be	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
(	O
partial	O
)	O
sum	O
,	O
leaving	O
only	O
the	O
partial	O
sum	O
on	O
the	O
top	O
of	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Manipulation	O
of	O
vectors	O
and	O
matrices	B-Architecture
requires	O
subscript	O
notation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GEORGE	B-Language
,	O
the	O
subscript(s )	O
preceded	O
the	O
vector	B-Data_Structure
or	O
matrix	O
name	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
program	O
reads	O
in	O
vector	B-Data_Structure
a	O
of	O
10	O
values	O
,	O
then	O
forms	O
the	O
squares	O
of	O
those	O
values	O
,	O
and	O
finally	O
prints	O
those	O
values	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
program	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
line	O
is	O
a	O
vector	B-Data_Structure
read	O
that	O
reads	O
in	O
the	O
ten	O
values	O
into	O
a(1 )	O
through	O
a(10 )	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Note	O
the	O
semicolon	O
(	O
;	O
)	O
,	O
which	O
clears	O
(	O
or	O
cancels	O
)	O
the	O
top	O
entry	O
in	O
the	O
accumulator	B-Application
stack	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
final	O
line	O
is	O
a	O
vector	B-Data_Structure
punch	O
(	O
i.e.	O
,	O
print	O
)	O
to	O
write	O
out	O
the	O
ten	O
squares	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
above	O
GEORGE	B-Language
coding	O
table	O
assisted	O
in	O
transcribing	O
a	O
program	O
onto	O
punch	O
cards	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Conditional	B-Language
operations	O
were	O
written	O
as	O
jumps	O
,	O
as	O
follows	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
first	O
version	O
running	O
by	O
May	O
1957	O
on	O
an	O
English	B-Device
Electric	I-Device
DEUCE	I-Device
,	O
all	O
values	O
were	O
stored	O
in	O
binary	O
fixed-point	O
form	O
in	O
a	O
32-bit	O
word	O
,	O
with	O
16	O
binary	O
places	O
.	O
</s>
