<s>
The	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
or	O
Genetic	B-Algorithm
Absence	I-Algorithm
Epilepsy	I-Algorithm
Rat	I-Algorithm
from	O
Strasbourg	O
is	O
a	O
recognized	O
animal	O
model	O
of	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
,	O
a	O
typical	O
childhood	O
form	O
of	O
epilepsy	O
characterized	O
by	O
recurrent	O
loss	O
of	O
contact	O
and	O
concomitant	O
pattern	O
on	O
the	O
electroencephalogram	B-Application
called	O
"	O
spike-and-wave	B-Algorithm
"	O
discharges	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
1980s	O
the	O
research	O
group	O
of	O
Marguerite	O
Vergnes	O
at	O
Institut	O
National	O
de	O
la	O
Santé	O
et	O
de	O
la	O
Recherche	O
Médicale	O
(	O
INSERM	O
)	O
in	O
Strasbourg	O
(	O
France	O
)	O
reported	O
the	O
spontaneous	O
occurrence	O
of	O
spike-and-wave	B-Algorithm
discharges	O
(	O
SWD	O
)	O
evocative	O
of	O
absence	O
seizures	O
in	O
Wistar	O
rats	O
during	O
cortical	O
electroencephalographic	B-Application
(	O
EE ]	O
)	O
recordings	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
then	O
,	O
the	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
has	O
been	O
recognized	O
as	O
a	O
very	O
predictive	O
model	O
for	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
,	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
WAG/Rij	O
rat	O
model	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
following	O
table	O
summarizes	O
the	O
effects	O
of	O
the	O
different	O
antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
clinic	O
that	O
were	O
tested	O
on	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
:	O
</s>
<s>
Antiepileptic	O
drugs	O
Effect	O
on	O
human	O
patients	O
with	O
absence	O
epilepsy	O
Effects	O
on	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
Refs	O
Valproate	O
Suppression	O
Suppression	O
Micheletti	O
,	O
G.	O
,	O
Vergnes	O
,	O
M.	O
,	O
Marescaux	O
,	O
C.	O
,	O
Reis	O
,	O
J.	O
,	O
Depaulis	O
,	O
A.	O
,	O
Rumbach	O
,	O
L.	O
,	O
Warter	O
,	O
J.M.	O
,	O
1985	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Lamotrigine	O
Suppression	O
Suppression	O
Augusto	O
Grinspan	O
,	O
Evaluación	O
de	O
la	O
eficacia	O
de	O
la	O
lamotrigine	O
en	O
agudo	O
en	O
las	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
,	O
PhD	O
dissertation	O
,	O
Buenos	O
aires	O
,	O
1995	O
Carbamazepine	O
Aggravation	O
Aggravation	O
Micheletti	O
,	O
G.	O
,	O
Vergnes	O
,	O
M.	O
,	O
Marescaux	O
,	O
C.	O
,	O
Reis	O
,	O
J.	O
,	O
Depaulis	O
,	O
A.	O
,	O
Rumbach	O
,	O
L.	O
,	O
Warter	O
,	O
J.M.	O
,	O
1985	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Using	O
different	O
methodologies	O
(	O
EEG	B-Application
,	O
local	O
field	O
potentials	O
,	O
intracellular	O
electrophysiology	O
,	O
functional	O
MRI	O
)	O
it	O
was	O
demonstrated	O
that	O
spike-and-waves	B-Algorithm
discharges	O
are	O
initiated	O
in	O
the	O
somatosensory	O
cortex	O
in	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
,	O
more	O
precisely	O
in	O
the	O
area	O
that	O
codes	O
for	O
information	O
from	O
the	O
vibrissae	O
(	O
barrel	O
cortex	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
,	O
Absence	O
Epilepsy	O
develops	O
during	O
the	O
cortical	O
maturation	O
,	O
i.e.	O
,	O
the	O
first	O
3-4	O
weeks	O
after	O
birth	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Abnormal	O
oscillations	O
are	O
EEG	B-Application
recorded	O
in	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
at	O
postnatal	O
day	O
(	O
P	O
)	O
15	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
progressively	O
evolve	O
into	O
bonafide	O
Spike-and-wave	B-Algorithm
discharges	O
up	O
to	O
P25-30	O
,	O
simultaneously	O
with	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
the	O
intrinsic	O
excitability	O
of	O
pyramidal	O
neurons	O
in	O
deep	O
layers	O
as	O
well	O
as	O
an	O
increase	O
of	O
synchronization	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
x	O
NEC	O
F1	O
generation	O
,	O
more	O
than	O
95%	O
of	O
the	O
animals	O
showed	O
SWDs	O
after	O
6	O
months	O
,	O
suggesting	O
a	O
dominant	O
transmission	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
When	O
F2	O
population	O
was	O
generated	O
by	O
breeding	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
with	O
Brown	O
Norway	O
rats	O
,	O
a	O
polygenic	O
inheritance	O
of	O
SWD-related	O
phenotypes	O
was	O
shown	O
and	O
three	O
quantitative	O
trait	O
loci	O
were	O
identified	O
that	O
could	O
control	O
different	O
variables	O
of	O
SWDs	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
frequency	O
,	O
amplitude	O
,	O
duration	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
heterologous	O
expression	O
studies	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
shown	O
that	O
the	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
splice	O
variant	O
allele	O
on	O
Cav3.2	O
conferred	O
faster	O
recovery	O
from	O
channel	O
inactivation	O
and	O
greater	O
charge	O
transference	O
during	O
high-frequency	O
bursts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
is	O
in	O
agreement	O
with	O
a	O
previous	O
study	O
that	O
showed	O
a	O
selective	O
increase	O
in	O
the	O
T-type	O
conductance	O
in	O
GAERS	B-Algorithm
nRT	O
neurons	O
.	O
</s>
