<s>
Full-motion	B-Application
video	I-Application
(	O
FMV	O
)	O
is	O
a	O
video	O
game	O
narration	O
technique	O
that	O
relies	O
upon	O
pre-recorded	O
video	O
files	O
(	O
rather	O
than	O
sprites	O
,	O
vectors	O
,	O
or	O
3D	O
models	O
)	O
to	O
display	O
action	O
in	O
the	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
many	O
games	B-Application
feature	O
FMVs	O
as	O
a	O
way	O
to	O
present	O
information	O
during	O
cutscenes	O
,	O
games	B-Application
that	O
are	O
primarily	O
presented	O
through	O
FMVs	O
are	O
referred	O
to	O
as	O
full-motion	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	B-Application
or	O
interactive	B-Application
movies	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
1980s	O
saw	O
almost	O
exclusive	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
LaserDisc	O
for	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
used	O
the	O
technology	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
ultimately	O
considered	O
to	O
be	O
a	O
fad	O
and	O
fell	O
out	O
of	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
had	O
a	O
resurgence	O
of	O
interest	O
,	O
the	O
proliferation	O
of	O
optical	B-Device
discs	I-Device
gave	O
rise	O
to	O
a	O
slew	O
of	O
original	O
FMV-based	O
computer	O
games	B-Application
such	O
as	O
Night	B-Application
Trap	I-Application
(	O
1992	O
)	O
,	O
The	B-Application
7th	I-Application
Guest	I-Application
(	O
1993	O
)	O
,	O
Voyeur	B-Application
(	O
1993	O
)	O
,	O
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
(	O
1995	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Daryl	B-Application
F	I-Application
.	I-Application
Gates	I-Application
 '	I-Application
Police	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
:	I-Application
SWAT	I-Application
(	O
1995	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
introduction	O
of	O
CD-based	O
consoles	O
like	O
3DO	B-Device
,	O
CD-i	B-Device
,	O
and	O
Sega	B-Device
CD	I-Device
brought	O
the	O
concept	O
of	O
interactive	O
FMV	O
gameplay	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Companies	O
such	O
as	O
Digital	B-Algorithm
Pictures	I-Algorithm
and	O
American	O
Laser	O
Games	B-Application
were	O
formed	O
to	O
produce	O
full-motion	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1994	O
,	O
Sony	O
's	O
Johnny	B-Application
Mnemonic	I-Application
became	O
the	O
first	O
video	O
game	O
title	O
produced	O
by	O
a	O
film	O
studio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Soon	O
thereafter	O
,	O
video	O
game	O
heavyweight	O
Electronic	O
Arts	O
featured	O
well-known	O
Hollywood	O
talent	O
such	O
as	O
Mark	O
Hamill	O
,	O
Tom	O
Wilson	O
and	O
John	O
Spencer	O
in	O
their	O
critically	O
acclaimed	O
titles	O
Wing	B-Application
Commander	I-Application
III	I-Application
and	O
IV	B-Application
,	O
setting	O
the	O
stage	O
for	O
a	O
more	O
expansive	O
tie-up	O
between	O
the	O
movie	O
and	O
video	O
game	O
industries	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
first	O
wave	O
of	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
originated	O
in	O
arcades	O
in	O
1983	O
with	O
laserdisc	O
video	O
games	B-Application
,	O
notably	O
Astron	B-Application
Belt	I-Application
from	O
Sega	O
and	O
Dragon	B-Application
's	I-Application
Lair	I-Application
from	O
Cinematronics	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
used	O
Laserdiscs	O
to	O
store	O
the	O
video	O
used	O
in	O
the	O
game	O
,	O
which	O
allowed	O
for	O
very	O
high	O
quality	O
visuals	O
compared	O
to	O
contemporary	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
of	O
the	O
era	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
number	O
of	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
using	O
FMV	O
with	O
Laserdiscs	O
were	O
released	O
over	O
the	O
next	O
three	O
years	O
and	O
the	O
technology	O
was	O
touted	O
as	O
the	O
future	O
of	O
video	O
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
games	B-Application
released	O
in	O
this	O
era	O
reused	O
video	O
footage	O
from	O
other	O
sources	O
while	O
others	O
had	O
it	O
purpose	O
made	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Bega	B-Application
's	I-Application
Battle	I-Application
,	O
Cliff	B-Application
Hanger	I-Application
and	O
Firefox	B-Application
reused	O
footage	O
,	O
while	O
titles	O
like	O
Space	B-Device
Ace	I-Device
,	O
Time	B-Application
Gal	I-Application
,	O
Thayer	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
,	O
Super	B-Application
Don	I-Application
Quix-ote	I-Application
and	O
Cobra	B-Application
Command	I-Application
were	O
entirely	O
original	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
use	O
of	O
pre-rendered	O
3D	O
computer	O
graphics	O
for	O
video	O
sequences	O
also	O
date	O
back	O
to	O
two	O
arcade	O
laserdisc	O
games	B-Application
introduced	O
in	O
1983	O
:	O
Interstellar	O
,	O
introduced	O
by	O
Funai	O
at	O
the	O
AM	O
Show	O
in	O
September	O
,	O
and	O
Star	B-Application
Rider	I-Application
,	O
introduced	O
by	O
Williams	O
Electronics	O
at	O
the	O
AMOA	O
show	O
in	O
October	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
limited	O
nature	O
of	O
FMV	O
,	O
high	O
price	O
to	O
play	O
(	O
50	O
cents	O
in	O
an	O
era	O
where	O
25	O
cents	O
was	O
standard	O
)	O
,	O
high	O
cost	O
of	O
the	O
hardware	O
and	O
problems	O
with	O
reliability	O
quickly	O
took	O
its	O
toll	O
on	O
the	O
buzz	O
surrounding	O
these	O
games	B-Application
and	O
their	O
popularity	O
diminished	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
RDI	O
Video	O
Systems	O
(	O
Thayer	B-Application
's	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
)	O
had	O
branched	O
out	O
into	O
making	O
a	O
home	O
console	O
called	O
the	O
Halcyon	B-Device
,	O
but	O
it	O
failed	O
and	O
they	O
went	O
bankrupt	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Companies	O
such	O
as	O
Atari	O
canceled	O
more	O
prototype	O
Laserdisc	O
games	B-Application
than	O
they	O
released	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Others	O
,	O
like	O
Universal	O
,	O
stopped	O
development	O
on	O
games	B-Application
after	O
only	O
one	O
release	O
despite	O
announcing	O
several	O
titles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
factors	O
caused	O
a	O
resurgence	O
of	O
the	O
popularity	O
of	O
Laserdiscs	O
games	B-Application
in	O
the	O
arcade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
American	O
Laser	O
Games	B-Application
released	O
a	O
light	B-Device
gun	I-Device
shooting	O
game	O
called	O
Mad	B-Application
Dog	I-Application
McCree	I-Application
in	O
1990	O
and	O
it	O
was	O
an	O
instant	O
hit	O
and	O
then	O
in	O
1991	O
with	O
Who	B-Application
Shot	I-Application
Johnny	I-Application
Rock	I-Application
?	I-Application
</s>
<s>
American	O
Laser	O
alone	O
would	O
go	O
on	O
to	O
lease	O
almost	O
a	O
dozen	O
Laserdisc	O
games	B-Application
over	O
the	O
next	O
few	O
years	O
and	O
many	O
other	O
companies	O
again	O
rushed	O
to	O
release	O
titles	O
using	O
the	O
technology	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Dragon	B-Application
's	I-Application
Lair	I-Application
II	I-Application
,	O
a	O
title	O
which	O
had	O
been	O
shelved	O
years	O
earlier	O
,	O
was	O
released	O
by	O
Leland	O
to	O
strong	O
sales	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Time	B-Application
Traveler	I-Application
further	O
pushed	O
the	O
technology	O
by	O
using	O
special	O
projection	O
technology	O
to	O
give	O
the	O
appearance	O
of	O
3D	O
visuals	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
limited	O
nature	O
of	O
the	O
Laserdisc	O
hampered	O
interactivity	O
and	O
limited	O
replayability	O
,	O
a	O
key	O
weakness	O
in	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
American	O
Laser	O
,	O
the	O
chief	O
producer	O
of	O
Laserdisc	O
games	B-Application
during	O
this	O
era	O
,	O
had	O
stopped	O
making	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
in	O
1994	O
and	O
most	O
other	O
companies	O
switched	O
over	O
to	O
newer	O
technologies	O
around	O
the	O
same	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
3D	O
graphics	O
and	O
the	O
introduction	O
of	O
hard	B-Device
drives	I-Device
and	O
CD-ROMs	B-Device
to	O
arcades	O
,	O
the	O
large	O
,	O
expensive	O
and	O
small-capacity	O
Laserdisc	O
could	O
not	O
compete	O
and	O
disappeared	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
CDs	O
would	O
see	O
some	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
mid	O
and	O
late	O
1990s	O
,	O
it	O
was	O
hard	B-Device
drives	I-Device
,	O
GD-ROMs	B-Device
and	O
DVD-ROMs	O
that	O
caused	O
the	O
largest	O
jump	O
in	O
FMV	O
use	O
in	O
the	O
arcade	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
1984	O
,	O
a	O
home	O
console	O
system	O
called	O
the	O
Halcyon	B-Device
was	O
released	O
by	O
RDI	O
Video	O
Systems	O
that	O
used	O
Laserdiscs	O
for	O
its	O
games	B-Application
and	O
was	O
to	O
feature	O
ports	O
of	O
several	O
popular	O
Laserdisc	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
of	O
the	O
day	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
LaserActive	B-Device
from	O
Pioneer	O
would	O
try	O
the	O
technology	O
again	O
in	O
1994	O
,	O
but	O
it	O
too	O
failed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
By	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
when	O
PCs	B-Device
and	O
consoles	O
moved	O
to	O
creating	O
games	B-Application
on	O
a	O
CD	O
,	O
they	O
became	O
technically	O
capable	O
of	O
utilizing	O
more	O
than	O
a	O
few	O
minutes	O
 '	O
worth	O
of	O
movies	O
in	O
a	O
game	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
This	O
gave	O
rise	O
to	O
a	O
slew	O
of	O
original	O
FMV-based	O
computer	O
games	B-Application
such	O
as	O
Night	B-Application
Trap	I-Application
(	O
1992	O
)	O
,	O
The	B-Application
7th	I-Application
Guest	I-Application
(	O
1993	O
)	O
,	O
Voyeur	B-Application
(	O
1993	O
)	O
,	O
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
(	O
1995	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
Daryl	B-Application
F	I-Application
.	I-Application
Gates	I-Application
 '	I-Application
Police	I-Application
Quest	I-Application
:	I-Application
SWAT	I-Application
(	O
1995	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
titles	O
were	O
simply	O
scaled	O
down	O
ports	O
of	O
Laserdisc	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
,	O
some	O
of	O
them	O
a	O
decade	O
old	O
by	O
this	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Regardless	O
of	O
their	O
sources	O
,	O
these	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
frequently	O
used	O
B-movie	O
and	O
TV	O
actors	O
and	O
promised	O
to	O
create	O
the	O
experience	O
of	O
playing	O
an	O
interactive	B-Application
movie	I-Application
or	O
animation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
the	O
video	O
quality	O
in	O
these	O
early	O
games	B-Application
was	O
low	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
gameplay	O
frequently	O
did	O
not	O
live	O
up	O
to	O
the	O
hype	O
becoming	O
well-known	O
failures	O
in	O
video	O
gaming	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
At	O
this	O
time	O
,	O
consoles	O
like	O
3DO	B-Device
,	O
CD-i	B-Device
,	O
and	O
Sega	B-Device
CD	I-Device
borrowed	O
this	O
concept	O
for	O
several	O
low-quality	O
interactive	O
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Companies	O
such	O
as	O
Digital	B-Algorithm
Pictures	I-Algorithm
and	O
American	O
Laser	O
Games	B-Application
were	O
formed	O
to	O
produce	O
full-motion	B-Application
video	I-Application
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
personal	B-Device
computer	I-Device
was	O
rapidly	O
evolving	O
during	O
the	O
early-to-mid	O
1990s	O
from	O
a	O
simple	O
text-based	O
productivity	O
device	O
into	O
a	O
home	O
entertainment	O
machine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Gaming	O
itself	O
was	O
also	O
emerging	O
from	O
its	O
niche	O
market	O
into	O
the	O
mainstream	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
easier-to-use	O
and	O
more	O
powerful	O
operating	O
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Microsoft	O
's	O
Windows	B-Application
95	I-Application
,	O
that	O
leveraged	O
continually	O
evolving	O
processing	O
capabilities	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
games	B-Application
like	O
the	O
Tex	B-Application
Murphy	I-Application
series	O
combined	O
FMV	O
cutscenes	O
with	O
a	O
virtual	O
world	O
to	O
explore	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sony	O
made	O
its	O
debut	O
in	O
the	O
console	O
market	O
with	O
the	O
release	O
of	O
the	O
32-bit	O
PlayStation	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
PlayStation	B-Device
was	O
probably	O
the	O
first	O
console	O
to	O
popularize	O
FMVs	O
(	O
as	O
opposed	O
to	O
earlier	O
usage	O
of	O
FMV	O
which	O
was	O
seen	O
as	O
a	O
passing	O
fad	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
part	O
of	O
the	O
machine	O
's	O
hardware	O
was	O
a	O
dedicated	O
M-JPEG	B-Application
processing	O
unit	O
which	O
enabled	O
far	O
superior	O
quality	O
relative	O
to	O
other	O
platforms	O
of	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
FMVs	O
in	O
Final	B-Application
Fantasy	I-Application
VIII	I-Application
,	O
for	O
example	O
,	O
were	O
marketed	O
as	O
movie-quality	O
at	O
the	O
time	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
FMVs	O
in	O
games	B-Application
today	O
typically	O
consist	O
of	O
high-quality	O
pre-rendered	O
video	O
sequences	O
(	O
CGI	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Digitized	O
video	O
footage	O
of	O
real	O
actors	O
in	O
games	B-Application
generally	O
ended	O
for	O
mainstream	O
games	B-Application
in	O
the	O
early	O
2000s	O
with	O
a	O
few	O
exceptions	O
such	O
as	O
Ace	B-Application
Combat	I-Application
Zero	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Belkan	I-Application
War	I-Application
released	O
in	O
2006	O
,	O
Command	B-Application
&	I-Application
Conquer	I-Application
3	I-Application
:	I-Application
Tiberium	I-Application
Wars	I-Application
released	O
in	O
2007	O
,	O
Tesla	B-Application
Effect	I-Application
:	I-Application
A	I-Application
Tex	I-Application
Murphy	I-Application
Adventure	I-Application
released	O
in	O
2014	O
,	O
Her	B-Application
Story	I-Application
released	O
in	O
2015	O
,	O
the	O
2015	O
reboot	O
of	O
Need	B-Application
for	I-Application
Speed	I-Application
,	O
and	O
Obduction	B-Application
released	O
in	O
2016	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
early	O
1980s	O
saw	O
the	O
almost	O
exclusive	O
use	O
of	O
the	O
Laserdisc	O
for	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Many	O
arcade	O
games	B-Application
used	O
the	O
technology	O
but	O
it	O
was	O
ultimately	O
considered	O
a	O
fad	O
and	O
fell	O
out	O
of	O
use	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
1970s	O
era	O
Nintendo	O
games	B-Application
used	O
film	O
and	O
projectors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
re-popularization	O
of	O
FMV	B-Application
games	I-Application
in	O
the	O
early	O
1990s	O
following	O
the	O
advent	O
of	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
,	O
higher-end	O
developers	O
usually	O
created	O
their	O
own	O
custom	O
FMV	O
formats	O
to	O
suit	O
their	O
needs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Early	O
FMV	O
titles	O
used	O
game-specific	O
proprietary	O
video	O
renderers	O
optimized	O
for	O
the	O
content	O
of	O
the	O
video	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
live-action	O
vs.	O
animated	O
)	O
,	O
because	O
CPUs	O
of	O
the	O
day	O
were	O
incapable	O
of	O
playing	O
back	O
real-time	O
MPEG-1	B-Algorithm
until	O
the	O
fastest	O
486	B-General_Concept
and	O
Pentium	B-General_Concept
CPUs	O
arrived	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Consoles	O
,	O
on	O
the	O
other	O
hand	O
,	O
either	O
used	O
a	O
third-party	O
codec	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
Cinepak	B-Algorithm
for	O
Sega	B-Device
CD	I-Device
games	B-Application
)	O
or	O
used	O
their	O
own	O
proprietary	O
format	O
(	O
e.g.	O
</s>
<s>
the	O
Philips	B-Device
CD-i	I-Device
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	B-Application
7th	I-Application
Guest	I-Application
,	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
megahit	O
multiple-CD-ROM	O
games	B-Application
,	O
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
first	O
games	B-Application
to	O
feature	O
transparent	B-Algorithm
quality	O
640x320	O
FMV	O
at	O
15	O
frames	O
per	O
second	O
in	O
a	O
custom	O
format	O
designed	O
by	O
programmer	O
Graeme	O
Devine	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Other	O
examples	O
of	O
this	O
would	O
be	O
Sierra	O
's	O
VMD	O
(	O
Video	O
and	O
Music	O
Data	O
)	O
format	O
,	O
used	O
in	O
games	B-Application
like	O
Gabriel	B-Application
Knight	I-Application
2	I-Application
and	O
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
,	O
or	O
Westwood	O
Studios	O
 '	O
VQA	O
format	O
,	O
used	O
in	O
most	O
Westwood	O
games	B-Application
made	O
from	O
the	O
mid-1990s	O
up	O
until	O
2000s	O
Command	B-Application
&	I-Application
Conquer	I-Application
:	I-Application
Tiberian	I-Application
Sun	I-Application
Firestorm	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
These	O
video	O
formats	O
initially	O
offered	O
very	O
limited	O
video	O
quality	O
,	O
due	O
to	O
the	O
limitations	O
of	O
the	O
machines	O
the	O
games	B-Application
needed	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Johnny	B-Application
Mnemonic	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Interactive	I-Application
Action	I-Application
Movie	I-Application
,	O
was	O
the	O
first	O
FMV	O
title	O
made	O
by	O
a	O
Hollywood	O
studio	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
'	O
s	O
interactivity	O
was	O
made	O
possible	O
with	O
the	O
Cine-Active	O
engine	O
,	O
based	O
on	O
the	O
QuickTime	B-Application
2.0	O
codec	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wing	B-Application
Commander	I-Application
III	I-Application
:	I-Application
Heart	I-Application
of	I-Application
the	I-Application
Tiger	I-Application
was	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
significant	O
FMV	O
titles	O
made	O
in	O
1994	O
,	O
featuring	O
big-name	O
Hollywood	O
actors	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
sequel	O
,	O
Wing	B-Application
Commander	I-Application
IV	I-Application
:	I-Application
The	I-Application
Price	I-Application
of	I-Application
Freedom	I-Application
,	O
used	O
a	O
similar	O
custom	O
movie	O
codec	O
in	O
its	O
CD-ROM	B-Device
release	O
,	O
but	O
a	O
later	O
limited-volume	O
DVD-ROM	O
release	O
saw	O
MPEG-2	B-Algorithm
DVD-quality	O
movies	O
that	O
far	O
exceeded	O
the	O
original	O
CD	O
release	O
in	O
quality	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Wing	B-Application
Commander	I-Application
IV	I-Application
was	O
also	O
the	O
first	O
game	O
to	O
have	O
used	O
actual	O
film	O
(	O
rather	O
than	O
video	O
tape	O
)	O
to	O
record	O
the	O
FMV	O
scenes	O
which	O
attributed	O
to	O
the	O
ability	O
to	O
create	O
a	O
DVD-quality	O
transfer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
exception	O
to	O
the	O
rule	O
was	O
The	B-Application
11th	I-Application
Hour	I-Application
,	O
the	O
sequel	O
to	O
The	B-Application
7th	I-Application
Guest	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
FMV	O
established	O
itself	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
as	O
a	O
growing	O
game	O
technology	O
,	O
a	O
small	O
company	O
called	O
RAD	B-Algorithm
Game	I-Algorithm
Tools	I-Algorithm
appeared	O
on	O
the	O
market	O
with	O
their	O
256-color	O
FMV	O
format	O
Smacker	B-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
Developers	O
took	O
to	O
the	O
format	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
format	O
ended	O
up	O
being	O
used	O
in	O
over	O
3	O
,	O
000	O
,	O
largely	O
PC-based	O
games	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
With	O
the	O
launch	O
of	O
consoles	O
with	O
built-in	O
optical	O
storage	O
(	O
the	O
Sega	B-Device
Saturn	I-Device
and	O
Sony	O
's	O
PlayStation	B-Device
)	O
console	O
manufacturers	O
began	O
more	O
actively	O
taking	O
it	O
upon	O
themselves	O
to	O
provide	O
higher	O
quality	O
FMV	O
capabilities	O
to	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Sega	O
worked	O
both	O
internally	O
on	O
optimizing	O
technology	O
such	O
as	O
Cinepak	B-Algorithm
,	O
and	O
externally	O
by	O
licensing	O
video	O
decompression	O
technology	O
from	O
the	O
New	O
York-based	O
Duck	B-Application
Corporation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
While	O
Duck	O
's	O
offering	O
won	O
praise	O
for	O
its	O
quality	O
(	O
showcased	O
in	O
games	B-Application
like	O
Enemy	B-Application
Zero	I-Application
,	O
major	O
Launch	O
titles	O
in	O
the	O
US	O
and	O
the	O
Saturn	B-Device
adaptations	O
of	O
console	O
hits	O
from	O
the	O
Sega	O
AM2	O
arcade	O
group	O
)	O
the	O
opaque	O
licensing	O
and	O
royalty	O
structure	O
impeded	O
widespread	O
adoption	O
outside	O
of	O
Japanese	O
and	O
larger	O
US	O
developers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Duck	O
's	O
TrueMotion	B-Application
technology	O
was	O
extended	O
to	O
the	O
PC	O
and	O
Macintosh	O
as	O
well	O
,	O
showcased	O
in	O
the	O
high	O
profile	O
Star	B-Application
Trek	I-Application
:	I-Application
Borg	I-Application
and	O
Star	B-Application
Trek	I-Application
:	I-Application
Klingon	I-Application
,	O
The	B-Application
X-Files	I-Application
Game	I-Application
,	O
Final	B-Application
Fantasy	I-Application
VII	I-Application
,	O
and	O
the	O
highly	O
anticipated	O
sequel	O
to	O
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
,	O
Phantasmagoria	B-Application
:	I-Application
A	I-Application
Puzzle	I-Application
of	I-Application
Flesh	I-Application
and	O
other	O
titles	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
was	O
reported	O
that	O
versions	O
for	O
PlayStation	B-Device
and	O
GameCube	B-Application
were	O
developed	O
,	O
but	O
the	O
last	O
console	O
version	O
released	O
was	O
for	O
Sega	O
's	O
short-lived	O
Dreamcast	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
the	O
popularity	O
of	O
games	B-Application
loaded	O
with	O
live-action	O
and	O
FMV	O
faded	O
out	O
in	O
the	O
late	O
1990s	O
,	O
and	O
with	O
Smacker	B-Algorithm
becoming	O
outdated	O
in	O
the	O
world	O
of	O
16-bit	O
color	O
games	B-Application
,	O
RAD	O
introduced	O
a	O
new	O
true-color	O
format	O
,	O
Bink	B-Algorithm
video	I-Algorithm
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
format	O
is	O
still	O
one	O
of	O
the	O
most	O
popular	O
FMV	O
formats	O
used	O
in	O
games	B-Application
today	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
4,000	O
games	B-Application
have	O
used	O
Bink	O
,	O
and	O
the	O
number	O
is	O
still	O
growing	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Duck	O
went	O
public	O
as	O
On2	B-Application
Technologies	I-Application
and	O
later	O
generations	O
of	O
its	O
technology	O
was	O
licensed	O
by	O
Adobe	O
,	O
Skype	B-Application
and	O
was	O
eventually	O
bought	O
(	O
along	O
with	O
the	O
company	O
)	O
by	O
Google	O
as	O
the	O
foundation	O
for	O
WebM	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
early	O
open	O
source	O
version	O
of	O
that	O
work	O
also	O
appears	O
as	O
the	O
renamed	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
codec	I-Algorithm
of	O
the	O
Xiph	B-Application
Project	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Windows	B-Device
Media	I-Device
Video	I-Device
,	O
DivX	B-Application
,	O
Flash	B-Operating_System
Video	I-Operating_System
,	O
Theora	B-Algorithm
and	O
WebM	B-Application
are	O
also	O
now	O
major	O
players	O
in	O
the	O
market	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
DivX	B-Application
is	O
used	O
in	O
several	O
GameCube	B-Application
games	B-Application
,	O
including	O
Star	B-Application
Wars	I-Application
Rogue	I-Application
Squadron	I-Application
III	I-Application
:	I-Application
Rebel	I-Application
Strike	I-Application
.	O
</s>
