<s>
Fuchsia	B-Language
is	O
an	O
open-source	B-Application
capability-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
developed	O
by	O
Google	B-Application
.	I-Application
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
Linux-based	O
operating	B-General_Concept
systems	I-General_Concept
such	O
as	O
ChromeOS	B-Operating_System
and	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
is	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
custom	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
named	O
Zircon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
publicly	O
debuted	O
as	O
a	O
self-hosted	O
git	B-Application
repository	O
in	O
August	O
2016	O
without	O
any	O
official	O
corporate	O
announcement	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
After	O
years	O
of	O
development	O
,	O
its	O
official	O
product	O
launch	O
was	O
on	O
the	O
first-generation	O
Google	B-Device
Nest	I-Device
Hub	I-Device
,	O
replacing	O
its	O
original	O
Linux-based	O
Cast	O
OS	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fuchsia	B-Language
is	O
named	O
for	O
the	O
color	O
fuchsia	B-Language
,	O
which	O
is	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
pink	O
(	O
also	O
the	O
codename	O
of	O
Apple	O
's	O
advanced	O
Pink	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
of	O
the	O
1990s	O
)	O
and	O
purple	O
(	O
also	O
the	O
codename	O
of	O
the	O
first-generation	O
iPhone	B-Operating_System
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
August	O
2016	O
,	O
media	O
outlets	O
reported	O
on	O
a	O
mysterious	O
source	O
code	O
repository	O
published	O
on	O
GitHub	B-Application
,	O
revealing	O
that	O
Google	B-Application
was	O
developing	O
a	O
new	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
named	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
No	O
official	O
announcement	O
was	O
made	O
,	O
but	O
inspection	O
of	O
the	O
code	O
suggested	O
its	O
capability	O
to	O
run	O
on	O
various	O
devices	O
,	O
including	O
"	O
dash	O
infotainment	O
"	O
systems	O
for	O
cars	O
,	O
embedded	B-Architecture
devices	I-Architecture
like	O
traffic	O
lights	O
,	O
digital	O
watches	O
,	O
smartphones	B-Application
,	O
tablets	B-Device
,	O
and	O
PCs	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
architecture	O
differs	O
entirely	O
from	O
the	O
Linux-based	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
ChromeOS	B-Operating_System
due	O
in	O
part	O
to	O
its	O
unique	O
Zircon	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
formerly	O
named	O
Magenta	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2017	O
,	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
wrote	O
about	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
's	O
new	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
,	O
an	O
upgrade	O
from	O
its	O
command-line	B-Application
interface	I-Application
at	O
its	O
first	O
reveal	O
in	O
August	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
developer	O
wrote	O
that	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
"	O
is	O
n't	O
a	O
toy	O
thing	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
20%	O
Project	O
,	O
it	O
's	O
not	O
a	O
dumping	O
ground	O
of	O
a	O
dead	O
thing	O
that	O
we	O
do	O
n't	O
care	O
about	O
anymore	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Though	O
users	O
could	O
test	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
,	O
nothing	O
"	O
works	O
"	O
,	O
because	O
"	O
it	O
's	O
all	O
a	O
bunch	O
of	O
placeholder	O
interfaces	O
that	O
do	O
n't	O
do	O
anything	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
They	O
found	O
multiple	O
similarities	O
between	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
's	O
interface	O
and	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
including	O
a	O
Recent	O
Apps	B-Application
screen	O
,	O
a	O
Settings	O
menu	O
,	O
and	O
a	O
split-screen	O
view	O
for	O
viewing	O
multiple	O
apps	B-Application
at	O
once	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiple	O
media	O
outlets	O
wrote	O
about	O
the	O
project	O
's	O
seemingly	O
close	O
ties	O
to	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
with	O
some	O
speculating	O
that	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
might	O
be	O
an	O
effort	O
to	O
"	O
re-do	O
"	O
or	O
replace	O
Android	B-Application
in	O
a	O
way	O
that	O
fixes	O
its	O
problems	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2018	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
published	O
a	O
guide	O
on	O
how	O
to	O
run	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
on	O
Pixelbooks	B-Device
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
device	O
was	O
added	O
to	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
ecosystem	O
in	O
January	O
2019	O
via	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
Open	B-Application
Source	I-Application
Project	O
(	O
AOSP	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Google	B-Application
talked	O
about	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
at	O
Google	B-Application
I/O	I-Application
2019	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Hiroshi	O
Lockheimer	O
,	O
Senior	O
Vice	O
President	O
of	O
Chrome	B-Operating_System
and	O
Android	B-Application
,	O
described	O
it	O
as	O
one	O
of	O
Google	B-Application
’s	O
experiments	O
around	O
new	O
operating	B-General_Concept
system	I-General_Concept
concepts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
On	O
July	O
1	O
,	O
2019	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
the	O
official	O
website	O
of	O
the	O
development	O
project	O
with	O
source	O
code	O
and	O
documentation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Roughly	O
a	O
year	O
and	O
a	O
half	O
later	O
,	O
on	O
December	O
8	O
,	O
2020	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
that	O
it	O
was	O
"	O
expanding	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
's	O
open-source	B-Application
model	O
"	O
including	O
making	O
mailing	O
lists	O
public	O
,	O
introducing	O
a	O
governance	O
model	O
,	O
publishing	O
a	O
roadmap	O
,	O
and	O
using	O
a	O
public	O
issue	B-Application
tracker	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
May	O
2021	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
employees	O
confirmed	O
that	O
it	O
had	O
deployed	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
in	O
the	O
consumer	O
market	O
for	O
the	O
first	O
time	O
,	O
within	O
a	O
software	O
update	O
to	O
the	O
first-generation	O
Google	B-Device
Nest	I-Device
Hub	I-Device
that	O
replaces	O
its	O
existing	O
Chromecast-based	O
software	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
update	O
contains	O
no	O
user-facing	O
changes	O
to	O
the	O
device	O
's	O
software	O
or	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
January	O
2023	O
,	O
Google	B-Application
announced	O
layoffs	O
across	O
the	O
company	O
with	O
16%	O
of	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
employees	O
being	O
impacted	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
As	O
of	O
2022	O
,	O
most	O
of	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
's	O
code	O
is	O
written	O
in	O
Rust	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fuchsia	B-Language
's	O
user	B-Application
interface	I-Application
and	O
apps	B-Application
are	O
written	O
in	O
Flutter	B-Application
,	O
a	O
software	B-Application
development	I-Application
kit	I-Application
allowing	O
cross-platform	O
development	O
abilities	O
for	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
,	O
Android	B-Application
and	O
iOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Flutter	B-Application
produces	O
apps	B-Application
from	O
Dart	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Escher	O
is	O
the	O
Vulkan-based	O
graphics	O
rendering	O
engine	O
,	O
with	O
specific	O
support	O
for	O
"	O
volumetric	O
soft	O
shadows	O
"	O
,	O
an	O
element	O
that	O
Ars	O
Technica	O
wrote	O
,	O
"	O
seems	O
custom-built	O
to	O
run	O
Google	B-Application
's	I-Application
shadow-heavy	O
'	O
Material	B-Application
Design	I-Application
 '	O
interface	O
guidelines	O
"	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Flutter	B-Application
cross-platform	O
software	B-Application
development	I-Application
kit	I-Application
allows	O
users	O
to	O
install	O
parts	O
of	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
on	O
Android	B-Application
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
special	O
version	O
of	O
Android	B-Application
Runtime	I-Application
for	O
Fuchsia	B-Language
is	O
planned	O
to	O
run	O
from	O
a	O
FAR	O
file	O
,	O
the	O
equivalent	O
of	O
the	O
Android	B-Application
APK	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fuchsia	B-Language
is	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
new	O
object-capability	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
,	O
named	O
Zircon	O
after	O
the	O
mineral	O
zircon	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
codebase	B-General_Concept
was	O
derived	O
from	O
that	O
of	O
Little	O
Kernel	B-Operating_System
(	O
LK	O
)	O
for	O
embedded	B-Architecture
devices	I-Architecture
,	O
aimed	O
for	O
low	O
resource	O
uses	O
for	O
a	O
wide	O
variety	O
of	O
devices	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
LK	O
was	O
developed	O
by	O
Travis	O
Geiselbrecht	O
,	O
who	O
had	O
also	O
co-authored	O
the	O
NewOS	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
used	O
by	O
Haiku	B-Language
,	O
a	O
free	O
software	O
reimplementation	O
of	O
BeOS	B-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
Zircon	O
is	O
written	O
mostly	O
in	O
C++	B-Language
,	O
with	O
some	O
parts	O
in	O
C	B-Language
and	O
assembly	B-Language
language	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
It	O
is	O
composed	O
of	O
a	O
kernel	B-Operating_System
with	O
a	O
small	O
set	O
of	O
user	O
services	O
,	O
drivers	B-Application
,	O
and	O
libraries	B-Library
which	O
are	O
all	O
necessary	O
for	O
the	O
system	O
to	O
boot	O
,	O
communicate	O
with	O
the	O
hardware	O
,	O
and	O
load	O
the	O
user	O
processes	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Its	O
present	O
features	O
include	O
handling	O
threads	B-Operating_System
,	O
virtual	B-Architecture
memory	I-Architecture
,	O
inter-process	B-Operating_System
communication	I-Operating_System
,	O
and	O
waiting	O
for	O
changes	O
in	O
the	O
state	O
of	O
objects	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
example	O
,	O
it	O
does	O
not	O
support	O
Unix-like	B-Operating_System
signals	O
but	O
incorporates	O
event-driven	B-Application
programming	I-Application
and	O
the	O
observer	B-Language
pattern	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Most	O
system	O
calls	O
do	O
not	O
block	O
the	O
main	O
thread	B-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
Resources	O
are	O
represented	O
as	O
objects	O
rather	O
than	O
files	O
,	O
unlike	B-Application
traditional	I-Application
Unix	I-Application
systems	I-Application
.	O
</s>
