<s>
A	O
frame-based	B-Application
editor	I-Application
is	O
a	O
specific	O
kind	O
of	O
structure	B-Application
editor	I-Application
,	O
typically	O
used	O
as	O
a	O
source	B-Application
code	I-Application
editor	I-Application
for	O
the	O
manipulation	O
of	O
computer	O
programs	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Manipulation	O
of	O
frames	O
in	O
frame-based	B-Application
editors	I-Application
is	O
typically	O
supported	O
equally	O
via	O
mouse-based	O
gestures	O
and	O
keyboard	O
manipulation	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
concept	O
of	O
Frame-based	O
editing	O
was	O
developed	O
at	O
King	O
's	O
College	O
London	O
as	O
a	O
combination	O
of	O
features	O
of	O
standard	O
text	O
editors	O
and	O
block-based	O
editing	O
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
Blockly	B-Language
and	O
Scratch	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Frame-based	B-Application
editors	I-Application
are	O
technically	O
hybrid	O
structure/text	O
editors	O
which	O
support	O
editing	O
at	O
the	O
higher	O
level	O
of	O
the	O
syntax	O
tree	O
in	O
structure	O
mode	O
,	O
while	O
allowing	O
expression	O
edits	O
in	O
text	O
mode	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
academic	O
study	O
has	O
compared	O
effectiveness	O
of	O
frame-based	B-Application
editors	I-Application
to	O
text	O
editors	O
for	O
beginning	O
programmers	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Currently	O
,	O
frame-based	B-Application
editors	I-Application
are	O
used	O
in	O
educational	O
systems	O
to	O
facilitate	O
entry	O
into	O
programming	O
for	O
novice	O
programmers	O
,	O
or	O
to	O
support	O
the	O
transition	O
for	O
learners	O
from	O
educational	O
block-based	O
systems	O
,	O
such	O
as	O
App	B-Application
Inventor	I-Application
,	O
Scratch	B-Language
,	O
Snap	O
!,	O
or	O
Alice	B-Application
,	O
to	O
professional	O
,	O
text	O
based	O
programming	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Two	O
examples	O
of	O
frame-based	B-Application
editors	I-Application
are	O
the	O
BlueJ	B-Language
and	O
Greenfoot	B-Language
educational	O
development	O
environments	O
.	O
</s>
