<s>
In	O
computing	O
,	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
are	O
truly	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
contrast	O
to	O
distributed	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
,	O
they	O
are	O
physically	O
distributed	O
and	O
encapsulate	O
the	O
distribution	O
in	O
the	O
object	O
itself	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
client	O
accessing	O
a	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
object	I-Operating_System
by	O
its	O
unique	O
object	O
identity	O
presumes	O
a	O
local	O
fragment	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Fragmented	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
may	O
act	O
like	O
a	O
RPC-based	O
infrastructure	O
or	O
a	O
(	O
caching	O
)	O
smart	O
proxy	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Full	O
transparency	O
is	O
gained	O
by	O
the	O
following	O
characteristics	O
of	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
For	O
instance	O
,	O
this	O
allows	O
to	O
hide	O
real-time	O
protocols	O
(	O
e.g.	O
,	O
RTP	O
for	O
media	O
streaming	O
)	O
behind	O
a	O
standard	O
CORBA	B-Architecture
interface	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
internal	O
structure	O
of	O
a	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
object	I-Operating_System
is	O
arranged	O
by	O
the	O
object	O
developer/deployer	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
In	O
addition	O
,	O
an	O
application	O
using	O
a	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
object	I-Operating_System
can	O
also	O
tolerate	O
a	O
change	O
in	O
distributions	O
which	O
is	O
achieved	O
by	O
exchanging	O
the	O
fragment	O
at	O
one	O
or	O
multiple	O
hosts	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
or	O
by	O
the	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
object	I-Operating_System
itself	O
(	O
that	O
is	O
the	O
collectivity	O
of	O
its	O
fragments	O
)	O
e.g.	O
,	O
when	O
some	O
fragment	O
is	O
considered	O
to	O
have	O
failed	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Those	O
dynamically	O
change	O
the	O
inside	O
the	O
fragmented	B-Operating_System
objects	I-Operating_System
.	O
</s>
<s>
A	O
flexible	O
internal	O
partitioning	O
is	O
achieved	O
providing	O
transparent	O
fault-tolerant	B-General_Concept
replications	O
as	O
well	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Aspectix	O
–	O
The	O
Aspectix	O
group	O
works	O
on	O
several	O
projects	O
that	O
focus	O
on	O
middleware	B-General_Concept
architecture	O
,	O
adaptive	O
and	O
quality-of-service-aware	O
applications	O
,	O
fault	B-General_Concept
tolerance	I-General_Concept
,	O
aspect-oriented	O
programming	O
,	O
and	O
automated	O
source-code	B-Application
transformation	I-Application
.	O
</s>
<s>
FORMI	O
–	O
FORMI	O
is	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
Java	B-Language
RMI	I-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
Globe	O
–	O
This	O
project	O
looks	O
at	O
a	O
powerful	O
unifying	O
paradigm	O
for	O
the	O
construction	O
of	O
large-scale	O
wide	O
area	O
distributed	O
systems	O
:	O
distributed	O
shared	O
objects	B-Language
.	O
</s>
<s>
SOS	O
–	O
The	O
SOMIW	O
object-oriented	B-Language
Operating	O
System	O
.	O
</s>
