<s>
Flynn	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
taxonomy	I-Operating_System
is	O
a	O
classification	O
of	O
computer	B-General_Concept
architectures	I-General_Concept
,	O
proposed	O
by	O
Michael	O
J	O
.	O
Flynn	O
in	O
1966	O
and	O
extended	O
in	O
1972	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Since	O
the	O
rise	O
of	O
multiprocessing	B-Operating_System
central	B-General_Concept
processing	I-General_Concept
units	I-General_Concept
(	O
CPUs	O
)	O
,	O
a	O
multiprogramming	O
context	O
has	O
evolved	O
as	O
an	O
extension	O
of	O
the	O
classification	O
system	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Vector	B-Operating_System
processing	I-Operating_System
,	O
covered	O
by	O
Duncan	B-Architecture
's	I-Architecture
taxonomy	I-Architecture
,	O
is	O
missing	O
from	O
Flynn	O
's	O
work	O
because	O
the	O
Cray-1	B-Device
was	O
released	O
in	O
1977	O
:	O
Flynn	O
's	O
second	O
paper	O
was	O
published	O
in	O
1972	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
of	O
SISD	O
architectures	O
are	O
the	O
traditional	O
uniprocessor	B-Operating_System
machines	O
like	O
older	O
personal	B-Device
computers	I-Device
(	O
PCs	B-Device
)	O
(	O
by	O
2010	O
,	O
many	O
PCs	B-Device
had	O
multiple	O
cores	O
)	O
and	O
mainframe	B-Architecture
computers	I-Architecture
.	O
</s>
<s>
Array	B-Operating_System
processor	I-Operating_System
–	O
These	O
receive	O
the	O
one	O
(	O
same	O
)	O
instruction	O
but	O
each	O
parallel	O
processing	O
unit	O
has	O
its	O
own	O
separate	O
and	O
distinct	O
memory	O
and	O
register	O
file	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
modern	O
term	O
for	O
an	O
array	B-Operating_System
processor	I-Operating_System
is	O
"	O
single	B-General_Concept
instruction	I-General_Concept
,	I-General_Concept
multiple	I-General_Concept
threads	I-General_Concept
"	O
(	O
SIMT	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Aspex	O
Microelectronics	O
Associative	O
String	O
Processor	O
(	O
ASP	O
)	O
categorised	O
itself	O
in	O
its	O
marketing	O
material	O
as	O
"	O
massive	O
wide	O
SIMD	O
"	O
but	O
had	O
bit-level	O
ALUs	O
and	O
bit-level	O
predication	O
(	O
Flynn	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
taxonomy	I-Operating_System
:	O
associative	O
processing	O
)	O
,	O
and	O
each	O
of	O
the	O
4096	O
processors	O
had	O
their	O
own	O
registers	O
and	O
memory	O
(	O
Flynn	B-Operating_System
's	I-Operating_System
taxonomy	I-Operating_System
:	O
array	O
processing	O
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
The	O
Linedancer	O
,	O
released	O
in	O
2010	O
,	O
contained	O
4096	O
2-bit	O
predicated	O
SIMD	O
ALUs	O
,	O
each	O
with	O
its	O
own	O
content-addressable	B-Data_Structure
memory	I-Data_Structure
,	O
and	O
was	O
capable	O
of	O
800billion	O
instructions	O
per	O
second	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
Altivec	B-General_Concept
,	O
NEON	O
,	O
and	O
AVX	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
alternative	O
name	O
for	O
this	O
type	O
of	O
register-based	O
SIMD	O
is	O
"	O
packed	O
SIMD	O
"	O
and	O
another	O
is	O
SIMD	B-General_Concept
within	I-General_Concept
a	I-General_Concept
register	I-General_Concept
(	O
SWAR	B-General_Concept
)	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Examples	O
include	O
AVX-512	B-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
<s>
Some	O
modern	O
designs	O
(	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
in	O
particular	O
)	O
take	O
features	O
of	O
more	O
than	O
one	O
of	O
these	O
subcategories	O
:	O
GPUs	B-Architecture
of	O
today	O
are	O
SIMT	O
but	O
also	O
are	O
Associative	O
i.e.	O
</s>
<s>
MIMD	O
architectures	O
include	O
multi-core	B-Architecture
superscalar	B-General_Concept
processors	I-General_Concept
,	O
and	O
distributed	B-Architecture
systems	I-Architecture
,	O
using	O
either	O
one	O
shared	O
memory	O
space	O
or	O
a	O
distributed	O
memory	O
space	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Each	O
processing	O
unit	O
(	O
PU	O
)	O
is	O
shown	O
for	O
a	O
uni-core	O
or	O
multi-core	B-Architecture
computer	O
:	O
</s>
<s>
,	O
all	O
of	O
the	O
top	O
10	O
and	O
most	O
of	O
the	O
TOP500	B-Operating_System
supercomputers	B-Architecture
are	O
based	O
on	O
a	O
MIMD	O
architecture	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
Multiple	O
autonomous	O
processors	O
simultaneously	O
executing	O
the	O
same	O
program	O
(	O
but	O
at	O
independent	O
points	O
,	O
rather	O
than	O
in	O
the	O
lockstep	B-General_Concept
that	O
SIMD	O
imposes	O
)	O
on	O
different	O
data	O
.	O
</s>
<s>
An	O
example	O
of	O
this	O
would	O
be	O
the	O
Sony	O
PlayStation	O
3	O
game	O
console	O
,	O
with	O
its	O
SPU/PPU	B-General_Concept
processor	I-General_Concept
.	O
</s>
